Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic and eventually became an empire between 753 BC and 476 AD. Key events included the overthrow of the last Etruscan king in 509 BC establishing the Roman Republic, the Punic Wars extending Roman power around the Mediterranean between 246-146 BC, and Octavian taking control and establishing the Roman Empire in 27 BC. The document also discusses aspects of Roman cities including camps becoming cities, infrastructure like roads, bridges, aqueducts, amphitheaters, baths and theaters, and the decline of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD.

1. UNIT 11 – ANCIENT ROME
1-How did Rome become an empire?
2- What were the Monarchy and the Republic?
3- How did the Republic evolve?
4- How was the Roman Empire created?
5- Why did the Roman Empire decline?
8- What was a Roman City like?
10- How did religious beliefs change?
MONARCHY REPUBLIC EMPIRE
753 BC. 509 BC. 29 BC. 476 AD
1

2. Section 2
Section 2
and 3
Section 4
and 5

3. Monarchy
753-509 BC
Governed by a king
helped by a senate.
6th c. Rome was conquered
by the Etruscans.
509 BC the last Etruscan
king
Republic
509-29 BC
Three main institutions
Comitias: Assambly of
citizens.
Magistratus: political,
military and religious
power.
Senatus: The most
important institution.
Two different groups:
Patricians: minority richest
Plebeians: Other citizens
Main conflicts:
Punic Wars (246-
146 BC) against
Carthage.
Consequence: Roman
extended its power
around the
Mediterranean.
The crisis of the Republic
because of corruption,
internal conflicts and the
power of the military
increasing.
It finished when Octavius
took control.

4. Empire
The rise of the empire (27BC-235 AD)
The decline of the Roman Empire
Octavius Augustus created the
empire.
Roman empire reached its peak
during
The crisis of the 3rd century
Military anarchy and
Germanic and Persian
invasions
The empire recovered in the 4th
century with Diocletian, Constantine
and Theodosius 395: The empire is divided into
two: Western and
Eastern Roman Empire
476: Last Western Roman Empire is
deposed; Eastern Empire lasted 1000
years more: Byzantine Empire

5. How did Rome become an empire?
Rome: from city to empire
Strategic location
on the centre of
the Italian P.
Centre of the
Mediterranean
Sea
500-250 BC
Rome conquered the
Italian P.
250-1 BC
Rome conquered the
Western Mediterranean
territories.
1st 2nd C. AD
Roman territories
spread stretched
from the British I. to
the Sahara desert;
from Mesopotamia
to Iberian P.

6. Roman territories spread stretched from the
British I. to the Sahara desert; from
Mesopotamia to Iberian P.
Roman Empire

7. MAKING A TIMELINE.
3- Locate the following events in your timeline
753 BC: Founding of Rome
509 BC. End of the Roman Monarchy; republican period begins
323 BC: Alexander the Great died
29 BC.: Beginning of the Roman Empire
180 AD.:Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius died
380 AD: Christianismus: official religion of the Roman Empire
476 AD: The fall of the Roman Empire
622 AD Mohammed runaway from Mecca; starts of the Muslim calendar
800 AD.: Charlemagne crowned Emperor of the West

8. LET’S LOCATE SOME PERIODS ON THE TIME LINE.
753 BC – 509 BC.: Roman monarchy
509 BC- 29 BC: Roman republic
29 BC- 476 AD: Roman empire
The way to represent a period in the timeline is to delimit it with the start and
the end dates and to paint it of a different color to the rest of the line.

9. 1000 a.C. 1000 d.C.
1
500 a.C. 500 d.C.
753 BC
509 BC.
29 BC.
323 BC.
180 AD
380 AD.
476 AD.
622 AD.
800 AD.
Monarchy Republic Empire
800 a.C.900 a.C. 400 a.C.700 a.C.600 a.C. 200 a.C.300 a.C. 100 a.C.
Your timeline has to be some thing like this…
EndoftheRomanmonarchy
AlexandertheGreat
died
BeginningoftheRoman
Empire
FoundingofRome
RomanemperorMarcus
Aureliusdied
Christianismus:official
religionoftheRomanEmpire
ThefalloftheRoman
Empire
Charlemagnecrowned
EmperoroftheWest

10. Los antiguos
campamentos de las
legiones romanas
acabaron por
convertirse en
ciudades
Plano de la Zaragoza romana
CAMPAMENTO ROMANO
Muchas ciudades europeas
actuales tuvieron como origen
un antiguo campamento militar
romano. El trazado de esos
antiguos campamentos
permanece en los planos
actuales de las ciudades. Un
ejemplo es Zaragoza.

11. EL LEGADO DE ROMA: LAS CALZADAS ROMANAS
Las calzadas eran un elemento vital para controlar el territorio porque permitían un
rápido desplazamiento de los ejércitos (legiones) a través del territorio.

12. El legado romano: los puentes
Puente-acueducto sobre el río Gard en Francia. Los romanos encajaban las piezas de los
arcos sobre el encofrado de madera sin
ningún tipo de argamasa.

13. Los acueductos suministraban agua corriente a las ciudades a partir de
las fuentes públicas situadas en las plazas.
Construcciones romanas: los acueductos

14. Construcciones romanas: los anfiteatros
El Coliseo de Roma es el anfiteatro más famoso, tenía capacidad para 80.000 espectadores y fue construido
en el siglo I d. C. Albergaba espectáculos de gladiadores y hasta batallas navales.

15. Construcciones romanas: las termas y el
teatro

16. LOS ARCOS DE TRIUNFO