The document compares mobile learning (m-learning) and e-learning, highlighting that m-learning enables educational content access on personal devices like smartphones, while e-learning involves internet-based educational delivery. It discusses challenges in m-learning, including varying mobile operating systems and the complexity of content development, as well as the digital divide affecting internet access in different regions. The document also provides statistical data on mobile broadband subscriptions and highlights the advancements in network technologies in the Arab region.

1. Touch and Mobile Technologies for the Classroom
Giorgio Ungania | http://about.me/giorgioungania

2. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Vs. E-learning

3. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning
Mobile learning is the ability to obtain or provide
educational content on personal mobile devices
such as PDAs, smartphones and tablets.

4. M-learning Vs. E-learning
E-learning
E-learning is any dissemination of educational
knowledge over the Internet. This makes e-
learning a subset of technology-based training.

5. M-learning Vs. E-learning
Optical
Storage
M-Learning WEB
2.0
E-Learning
Peer
Connections LMS

6. M-learning Vs. E-learning
E-learning
E-learning can be real-time or self-paced,
also known as “synchronous” or
“asynchronous” learning.

7. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning
Mobile learning is often self-paced, un-tethered
and informal in its presentation.

8. M-learning Vs. E-learning
E-learning M-learning
Lecture in classroom or lab anywhere, anytime
email to email instant messaging
private location no boundaries

9. M-learning Vs. E-learning
E-learning Facts

10. M-learning Vs. E-learning
E-learning Challenges
Digitalization of National Curriculums

11. M-learning Vs. E-learning
Prof. William Rankin on M-Learning

12. M-learning Vs. E-learning
Prof. William Rankin on M Learning
Defragmentation of information
Discover new ways of seeing the full picture
Library of information in one pocket

13. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Unlike traditional eLearning, which relies on fairly
common web standards to make things work , on
mobile devices there is a wide range of very different
and distinct mobile operating systems.

14. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
The real challenge is that the learners are using
different smartphones with different operating systems.

15. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Quarter Android iOS Symbian RIM Microsoft Bada Other
2011 Q4 50.9% 23.9% 11.7% 8.8% 1.9% 2.1% 0.8%
2011 Q3 52.5% 15% 16.9% 11% 1.5% 2.2% 0.9%
2011 Q2 43.4% 18.2% 22.1% 11.7% 1.6% 1.9% 1%
2011 Q1 36% 16.8% 27.4% 12.9% 3.6% 1.7% 1.6%
2010 Q4 31.1% 16.1% 32.9% 13.1% 3.4% 1.3% 2.2%
2010 Q3 25.3% 16.6% 36.3% 15.4% 2.8% 1.1% 2.5%
2010 Q2 17.2% 14.2% 41.2% 18.2% 5% 0.9% 3.3%
2010 Q1 9.6% 15.3% 44.2% 19.7% 6.8% 4.4%
2009 Q4 7.6% 16.2% 44.7% 19.7% 7.9% 4%
2009 Q3 3.4% 17% 44.2% 20.5% 7.9% 7%
2009 Q2 1.8% 13% 51% 19% 9.3% 5.9%
2009 Q1 1.6% 10.5% 48.8% 20.6% 10.2% 8.2%
2008 Q4 1.1% 10.6% 46.5% 19.3% 12.2% 9.1%
2008 Q3 0.6% 13.1% 50.3% 16.1% 11.2% 9.8%
2008 Q2 2.8% 57.5% 17.5% 12.1% 10.8%
2008 Q1 4.6% 49.5% 11.6% 10.4% 11.6%
2007 Q4 5.2% 62.3% 10.9% 11.9% 9.6%
2007 Q3 3.4% 63.1% 9.7% 12.8% 11.5%
2007 Q2 1% 65.6% 8.9% 11.5% 13%
2007 Q1 61.2% 8.7% 13.4% 16.8%

16. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Mobile content must be developed in different ways to
work on all of these competing mobile platforms.
This can add greatly to the complexity and expense of
developing and delivering M-Learning

17. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Size

18. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Digital Divide

19. countries of the region has driven the number of active mobile-broadband subscriptions and helped
M-learning Vs. E-learning
bring more people online. ITU estimates that by the end of 2011, around 30 per cent of the population in
the Arab States were using the Internet. Compared to mobile-cellular services (and in comparison to
other regions) both fixed-telephone and fixed (wired)-broadband penetration rates in the region remain
relatively low. The penetration for fixed-telephone subscriptions reached ten per cent at its highest and
has been declining since 2008. The number of fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions has grown from one
M-learning Challenges
million in 2006, to an estimated eight million in 2011, but penetration remains relatively low, at 2.2 per
cent (Chart 1).
Chart 1. ICT developments, Arab region, 2006-2011*
Connect Arab Summit Doha 2012
100
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions
90 Internet users
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions
80
Fixed-telephone subscriptions
70 Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions**
Per 100 inhabitants
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011*
Note: * 2011 data are ITU estimates ** Data on fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions exclude WiMAX subscriptions
Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database

20. M-learning Vs. E-learning
In order to provide a regional outlook on NGANs and services, this section focuses on 3G, WiMAX and
LTE network deployments in the region. Annex 1 of this report provides an overview of the main
operators in the region, and the technologies they provide.
In terms of NGANs, the GCC countries tend to be the early adopters (Table 5 presents the launch date of
different 3G technologies UMTS/ HSPA, WiMAX and LTE). Bahrain and UAE launched 3G services as early
M-learning Challenges
as 2003, and Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia followed in 2006. Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and UAE are
currently the only countries to have launched LTE networks. The non-GCC countries that launched 3G
services in 2006 are Egypt, Libya and Morocco. Morocco also launched WiMAX as early as 2006.
Table 5. Launch dates of wireless networks, selected Arab countries
Date of 3G (UMTS,
Country Date of WiMAX launch Date of LTE launch
Connect Arab Summit Doha 2012
HSPA) launch
Algeria planned for 2012 April, 2007 Not launched yet
Bahrain December 2003 September, 2007 Not launched yet
Egypt July 2006 Not launched yet Not launched yet
Iraq February 2007* 2008 Not launched yet
Jordan March 2010 November, 2007 Not launched yet
Kuwait April 2006 July, 2006 December 2011
Lebanon October 2011 February, 2008 Not launched yet
Libya September 2006 January, 2009 Not launched yet
Mauritania First half of 2009 N/A Not launched yet
Morocco July 2006 2006 Not launched yet
Not launched yet
Oman December 2007 May, 2010
(Omantel /Nawras licensed)
Qtel discontinued the service in Not launched yet
Qatar 2006
July 2011 (Qtel and Vodafone Qatar licensed)
Saudi Arabia June 2006 September 2008 September 2011
Sudan 2008 2011 Not launched yet
Syria January 2009 Not launched yet Not launched yet
Tunisia May 2010 2006 Not launched yet
UAE December 2003 September 2007 September , 2011
Yemen Not launched yet 2010 Not launched yet
Note: * 3G is only available in the Kurdistan region
Source: ITU, national regulatory authorities, operators, Arab Advisors Group

21. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Section I. Regional ICT overview
Connect Arab Summit Doha 2012
Chart 8. International Internet bandwidth (bit/s per user), by region, 2005 and 2010
2005 2010
78'678
12'000 10'935 40'000
10'000 35'000
28'772
30'000 27'244
8'000 23'947
25'000
5'655
6'000 5'464 20'000
15'000 11'310
4'000 10'742
10'000
2'000 817 1'652
208 607 5'000 937
0 0
Source: ITU (2011a)

22. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Section I. Regional ICT overview
Connect Arab Summit Doha 2012
Chart 14. Mobile-cellular subscriptions in the Arab countries , 2010
Somalia 7.0
Djibouti 18.6
Comoros 22.5
Sudan 40.5
Yemen 46.1
Syria 57.8
Lebanon 68.0
Iraq 75.8
Non GCC countries 75.9
Mauritania 79.3
Egypt 87.1
Algeria 92.4
Morocco 100.1
Tunisia 106.0
Jordan 107.0
Bahrain 124.2
Qatar 132.4
UAE 145.5
Kuwait 160.8
Oman 165.5
Libya 171.5
GCC countries 173.3
Saudi Arabia 187.9
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Per 100 inhabitants
Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database

23. M-learning Vs. E-learning
M-learning Challenges
Section I. Regional ICT overview
Chart 17. Percentage of individuals using the Internet in the Arab countries, 2010
Connect Arab Summit Doha 2012
Somalia* 1.2
Iraq 2.5
Mauritania 3.0
Comoros 5.1
Djibouti 6.5
Sudan** 10.2
Yemen 12.4
Algeria 12.5
Libya 14.0
Non-GCC countries 20.2
Syria 20.7
Egypt 26.7
Lebanon 31.0
Tunisia 36.8
Jordan 38.0
Kuwait 38.3
Saudi Arabia 41.0
Morocco 49.0
GCC countries 50.6
Bahrain 55.0
Oman 62.0
UAE 78.0
Qatar 81.6
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
%
Note: *data refer to 2009 ** data refer to 2008
Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database

24. M-learning Vs. E-learning
A Personal Story
Curriculum Obsolescence
Underutilized technology
LImited Wireless Access
Distance
Flipped Classroom
Online video ( YouTube)
Free Online Solutions ( Slide Share, Facebook, Twitter )
Online Testing (SurveyMonkey)

25. DISCUSSION POINTS
Digitalization of Curriculums
c
Open Source vs Proprietary Solutions
Arabic Content
Wireless Access and the Digital Divide
Giorgio Ungania | http://about.me/giorgioungania