An umbilical hernia is a protrusion close to the navel or belly button, which contains a sac that holds some fluid, fats or the intestine. The concern is, it might protrude via a weak spot or opening in the muscles of the stomach.
- Intestinal stomas are surgically created openings of the small or large intestine onto the abdominal wall. There are three main types: colostomy, ileostomy, and loop stoma.
- Complications include prolapse, herniation, stenosis, dermatitis from effluent, and obstruction. Dietary advice focuses on reducing gas, bulk and odorous foods. Management involves properly attaching collection bags and monitoring for complications.
The document discusses several medical procedures and conditions:
Colonoscopy involves using a camera to examine the colon for issues like polyps. Risks are low but include perforation. Screening is recommended starting at age 50.
Cholelithiasis refers to gallstones, which are crystalline formations in the gallbladder. Symptoms include pain and most are treated through cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder.
Gastric stapling surgically reduces the size of the stomach to help with weight loss, but risks include infection and nutritional deficiencies. Success rates are low.
Hernioplasty repairs hernias by surgically pushing bulging tissue back with mesh. Complications can include rejection of mesh material
Surgical COnsiderations of Ostomy CreationAli Chami
An 87-year-old female presented with abdominal pain, distention and constipation. Imaging showed a perforated sigmoid colon requiring a sigmoidectomy and Hartmann's procedure. Pathology found sigmoid diverticulitis. She was discharged but readmitted 2.5 months later for elective colostomy closure. Guidelines were presented on ostomy creation and closure techniques to reduce complications like hernias. Evidence supports laparoscopic and loop ileostomy approaches when possible. Proper stoma construction and postoperative care can prevent issues like dehydration that lead to readmission.
This document summarizes key information about duodenal injuries:
- The duodenum is 12 inches long and located retroperitoneally behind the liver and pancreas. It has four parts and is vulnerable to trauma due to its location and proximity to other abdominal organs.
- Duodenal injuries can be from penetrating or blunt trauma. Diagnosis involves imaging like CT scans and upper GI series. Management principles involve restoring intestinal continuity, decompressing the duodenum, providing drainage, and nutritional support.
- Treatment options depend on the severity of injury and include primary repair, diversion procedures like gastrojejunostomy, or pancreaticoduodenectomy for severe injuries involving other structures. Complications can include
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be permanent or temporary and is often performed to treat disorders of the large intestine like cancer or injury. There are four main types of colostomies named after the portion of the large intestine where the stoma is located. Aftercare for a colostomy involves monitoring the surgical site, using a colostomy pouching system, and gradually resuming a regular diet while avoiding certain gassy or odorous foods.
surgeries involved in gastroenterology: gastrointestinal surgery, conditions treated with gastrointestinal surgeries,procedure and side effects of these surgeries, open gastrointestinal surgeries and minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgeries
The document summarizes the CT findings of acute epiploic appendagitis. Key findings include a focal fatty central core abutting the colon wall, surrounded by inflammatory changes. There is typically a narrow base to the lesion compared to its width. CT is the primary way to diagnose this uncommon cause of abdominal pain, which can mimic other conditions like diverticulitis based on symptoms alone. Recognition of the characteristic CT appearance is important to avoid unnecessary surgery.
There are four types of hiatal hernias. A paraesophageal hiatal hernia (Type II) occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest. Complications can include bleeding, incarceration, volvulus, obstruction, and perforation. Surgery is the treatment of choice and involves reducing the hernia, resecting the hernia sac, and closing the diaphragmatic defect.
- Intestinal stomas are surgically created openings of the small or large intestine onto the abdominal wall. There are three main types: colostomy, ileostomy, and loop stoma.
- Complications include prolapse, herniation, stenosis, dermatitis from effluent, and obstruction. Dietary advice focuses on reducing gas, bulk and odorous foods. Management involves properly attaching collection bags and monitoring for complications.
The document discusses several medical procedures and conditions:
Colonoscopy involves using a camera to examine the colon for issues like polyps. Risks are low but include perforation. Screening is recommended starting at age 50.
Cholelithiasis refers to gallstones, which are crystalline formations in the gallbladder. Symptoms include pain and most are treated through cholecystectomy to remove the gallbladder.
Gastric stapling surgically reduces the size of the stomach to help with weight loss, but risks include infection and nutritional deficiencies. Success rates are low.
Hernioplasty repairs hernias by surgically pushing bulging tissue back with mesh. Complications can include rejection of mesh material
Surgical COnsiderations of Ostomy CreationAli Chami
An 87-year-old female presented with abdominal pain, distention and constipation. Imaging showed a perforated sigmoid colon requiring a sigmoidectomy and Hartmann's procedure. Pathology found sigmoid diverticulitis. She was discharged but readmitted 2.5 months later for elective colostomy closure. Guidelines were presented on ostomy creation and closure techniques to reduce complications like hernias. Evidence supports laparoscopic and loop ileostomy approaches when possible. Proper stoma construction and postoperative care can prevent issues like dehydration that lead to readmission.
This document summarizes key information about duodenal injuries:
- The duodenum is 12 inches long and located retroperitoneally behind the liver and pancreas. It has four parts and is vulnerable to trauma due to its location and proximity to other abdominal organs.
- Duodenal injuries can be from penetrating or blunt trauma. Diagnosis involves imaging like CT scans and upper GI series. Management principles involve restoring intestinal continuity, decompressing the duodenum, providing drainage, and nutritional support.
- Treatment options depend on the severity of injury and include primary repair, diversion procedures like gastrojejunostomy, or pancreaticoduodenectomy for severe injuries involving other structures. Complications can include
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where a portion of the large intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to carry stool out of the body. It may be permanent or temporary and is often performed to treat disorders of the large intestine like cancer or injury. There are four main types of colostomies named after the portion of the large intestine where the stoma is located. Aftercare for a colostomy involves monitoring the surgical site, using a colostomy pouching system, and gradually resuming a regular diet while avoiding certain gassy or odorous foods.
surgeries involved in gastroenterology: gastrointestinal surgery, conditions treated with gastrointestinal surgeries,procedure and side effects of these surgeries, open gastrointestinal surgeries and minimally invasive gastrointestinal surgeries
The document summarizes the CT findings of acute epiploic appendagitis. Key findings include a focal fatty central core abutting the colon wall, surrounded by inflammatory changes. There is typically a narrow base to the lesion compared to its width. CT is the primary way to diagnose this uncommon cause of abdominal pain, which can mimic other conditions like diverticulitis based on symptoms alone. Recognition of the characteristic CT appearance is important to avoid unnecessary surgery.
There are four types of hiatal hernias. A paraesophageal hiatal hernia (Type II) occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest. Complications can include bleeding, incarceration, volvulus, obstruction, and perforation. Surgery is the treatment of choice and involves reducing the hernia, resecting the hernia sac, and closing the diaphragmatic defect.
The document discusses several common gastrointestinal procedures and conditions:
1) Gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, delayed gastric emptying, gastric cancer, enterocutaneous fistulas, and acute abdominal pain are among the most common reasons for gastrointestinal procedures.
2) Acute appendicitis requires surgical removal of the inflamed appendix, either through laparoscopy or laparotomy.
3) Gastric bypass surgery reduces the size of the stomach and reroutes part of the small intestine to help with weight loss. Risks include infection, bleeding, and reactions to anesthesia.
Golden steps to perform laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomyDeep Goel
This document summarizes the key steps in a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy procedure. It outlines the patient positioning, placement of ports for instruments, mobilization of the stomach including the greater curvature and short gastric vessels, use of staplers to excise the fundus and calibrate the remaining stomach, tests to check for leaks, and techniques for addressing any bleeding or issues with the staple line. The summary provides an overview of the surgical procedure and highlights some controversies at the end such as use of buttress material or drains.
A barium enema is an x-ray examination of the colon where barium is used to coat the walls of the colon so it can be visualized. It is used to detect conditions like cancer, polyps, ulcerative colitis, and Hirschsprung's disease in children by examining the anatomy and function of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The patient must prepare by emptying their colon through fasting and laxatives and removing any metal before the barium is administered for imaging.
This document provides an overview of acute appendicitis and its ultrasound evaluation. It discusses:
1. The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis including symptoms like right lower quadrant pain and signs like rebound tenderness.
2. Laboratory findings that support a diagnosis of appendicitis, such as elevated white blood cell count and CRP level.
3. The ultrasound technique for visualizing the appendix and criteria for a normal appendix versus findings indicative of appendicitis, including size, shape, compressibility and wall vascularity.
4. Potential pitfalls in ultrasound diagnosis like air in the appendix or lymphoid hyperplasia that can mimic appendicitis.
This document summarizes guidelines for examining and managing common intestinal stoma complications in primary care. It provides guidance on examining the stoma, assessing for issues like prolapse, retraction, hernias, and high or low output. It emphasizes supporting patients by addressing psychological impacts, referring to specialty nursing as needed, and empowering patients to manage their stoma long-term. The goal is to properly identify and treat complications while helping patients adjust to life with an intestinal stoma.
This document discusses various causes and types of intestinal obstruction, including their presentation, diagnosis and management. It covers mechanical obstructions caused by adhesions, hernias, volvulus and intussusception. It also discusses paralytic ileus and pseudo-obstruction which are adynamic obstructions without a mechanical cause. The management involves supportive care, surgical correction of the underlying cause, and resection of non-viable intestine. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications like strangulation.
Barium meal is a radiological study used to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It involves orally administering barium sulfate, which coats the gastrointestinal tract and allows abnormalities to be detected on x-rays. Key steps include preparing the patient by having them fast overnight and abstain from smoking or antacids, administering buscopan or glucagon to relax the stomach, and taking x-ray images in various positions to view different areas. Barium meal is useful for evaluating symptoms like vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, and anemia. It can detect abnormalities caused by ulcers, tumors, obstructions, and other issues.
Cachexia is characterized by involuntary weight loss, loss of appetite, muscle wasting, and physical weakness, often seen in patients with chronic or severe diseases like cancer, tuberculosis, or AIDS. The management of cachexia can be complicated, as weight loss may be due to illness side effects or treatments. Nutritional therapy and pharmaceuticals may help improve quality of life and life expectancy.
"Abdominal Exploration-When to cut, anatomic review and surgical techniques"
Presented by Dr. Earl (Trey) F. Calfee, III
Form more information about nashville Veterinary Specialists and Animal Emergency services, please visit our website at http://www.nashvillevetspecialists.com
This document discusses bowel obstruction, defining it as a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines that prevents normal digestion transit. It notes that bowel obstruction can occur anywhere in the intestines below the duodenum and is a medical emergency. The document then lists and describes the most common causes of small and large bowel obstruction and their associated clinical features such as abdominal pain, distension, vomiting and constipation. It concludes with the diagnostic evaluation and management approaches for bowel obstruction, which include medical stabilization, bowel decompression via NG tube, and potential surgical interventions like resection or temporary colostomy.
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It describes two main types - mechanical obstruction caused by physical blockage, and paralytic ileus caused by loss of intestinal motility. Common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and distension. Diagnosis involves abdominal x-rays to detect gas patterns and fluid levels. Treatment focuses on fluid resuscitation, decompression with NG tubes, and timely surgery to relieve blockages and prevent complications like strangulation.
Surgical Management of Intestinal Obstruction Harsha Yadav
The document discusses the management of intestinal obstruction. It covers supportive management including nasogastric decompression and fluid/electrolyte replacement. Surgical management principles include managing the site of obstruction, distended bowel, and underlying cause. Specific surgical techniques are described for different types of obstructions including adhesions, intussusception, large bowel obstruction, and volvulus in the caecum or sigmoid. Dynamic obstruction management is also outlined for paralytic ileus and pseudo-obstruction.
This document discusses various gastrointestinal procedures and conditions. It describes gallstones, their causes and symptoms. Imaging tests for gallstones like ultrasound, CT scan, and radionuclide scans are outlined. Anastomosis and gastric stapling procedures are explained as well as their risks and benefits. Colonoscopy preparation, procedure, risks and potential findings are summarized.
This document provides an overview of appendicitis and hernia. It describes the anatomy of the appendix and causes of appendicitis. The clinical manifestations of appendicitis include abdominal pain and fever. Complications can include perforation. Treatment involves appendectomy. Nursing care focuses on pre-operative assessment and IV fluids/antibiotics, as well as post-operative monitoring for complications. Hernias are described as protrusions through weak areas of the abdominal wall. Common types and general causes are outlined. Clinical signs include bulging that reduces with lying down. Treatment options include surgery to repair or reinforce the abdominal wall.
A stoma is an opening that is created to allow stool or urine to pass out of the body.
INDICATIONS FOR OSTOMY
SITES OF STOMA
SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE STOMA POUCH
STEPS TO CHANGE POUCH
IRRIGATION
COMPLICATIONS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Mechanical obstruction is caused by lesions or masses that physically block the intestines, while paralytic ileus involves loss of normal bowel motility. Common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and distension. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam finding bowel sounds or masses, and imaging tests. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement, decompressing the bowel, and timely surgery to resolve the obstruction if it has not resolved on its own.
Intestinal obstruction is commonly seen in neonates and presents with vomiting soon after feeds. Common causes include duodenal atresia, jejunoileal atresia, and meconium ileus. Diagnosis is made through imaging like barium meal X-ray, CT scan, or ultrasound. Management involves correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances, adequate oxygenation and ventilation, and treating the underlying cause surgically. Anesthetic management differs based on whether it is an upper or lower GI obstruction. For upper GI obstruction, general anesthesia with caudal epidural is preferred to minimize anesthetic use. For lower GI obstruction, invasive monitoring is recommended due to potential cardiovascular instability, and nitrous oxide is avoided
This document discusses esophageal resection and reconstruction techniques. It covers indications for resection such as carcinoma or injury. Common reconstruction conduits are the stomach, colon, jejunum or combinations. Reconstruction routes include posterior mediastinal, substernal or subcutaneous. Complications can include fistula, stricture or dysfunction. The goal is a viable patient with functional gastrointestinal continuity. Successful reconstruction lasts long, provides nutrition and is done safely with flexibility and a team approach.
This study compares two surgical procedures for esophageal replacement in children with esophageal atresia - coloplasty (using the colon) and gastroplasty (using the stomach). The study found that gastroplasty, especially when performed through the posterior mediastinum, has more advantages over coloplasty. Gastroplasty requires only one anastomosis, is less complex, and results in fewer early complications. Children who underwent gastroplasty also showed better long-term adaptation and quality of life compared to those who received coloplasty. The study concludes that gastroplasty through the posterior mediastinum is the preferred technique for esophageal replacement in children.
The document summarizes recent findings regarding the anatomy and functions of the mesentery. It discusses how clarifying the shape and development of the mesentery has advanced understanding of various abdominal and systemic diseases. The mesentery provides structural support for the digestive organs and is involved in processes like immune response coordination and cellular migration. Various pathologies like cancer, ischemia, and Crohn's disease involve the mesentery. A mesenteric-based model of abdominal anatomy provides insights into disease and guides surgical and other treatment approaches.
Incisional Hernia – Causes and Treatment.pdfMeghaSingh194
An incisional hernia is a bulge or protrusion that occurs at the site of previous abdominal surgery. The bulge consists of abdominal contents, including the intestine and/or omentum, pushing through the weakened area of the abdominal wall. In medical terms, incisional hernias are sometimes also known as ventral hernias. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/incisional-hernia-causes-and-treatment/
This document provides an overview of common surgical procedures and the role of physiotherapy in pre- and post-operative care. It discusses operations involving the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), large intestine (colostomy), stomach (gastrectomy), hernias, breast (mastectomy), kidney (nephrectomy), and prostate (prostatectomy). For each procedure, it describes the purpose, surgical approach, potential complications, and how physiotherapists focus on pulmonary care, mobility exercises, and education to aid recovery.
The document discusses several common gastrointestinal procedures and conditions:
1) Gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, delayed gastric emptying, gastric cancer, enterocutaneous fistulas, and acute abdominal pain are among the most common reasons for gastrointestinal procedures.
2) Acute appendicitis requires surgical removal of the inflamed appendix, either through laparoscopy or laparotomy.
3) Gastric bypass surgery reduces the size of the stomach and reroutes part of the small intestine to help with weight loss. Risks include infection, bleeding, and reactions to anesthesia.
Golden steps to perform laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomyDeep Goel
This document summarizes the key steps in a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy procedure. It outlines the patient positioning, placement of ports for instruments, mobilization of the stomach including the greater curvature and short gastric vessels, use of staplers to excise the fundus and calibrate the remaining stomach, tests to check for leaks, and techniques for addressing any bleeding or issues with the staple line. The summary provides an overview of the surgical procedure and highlights some controversies at the end such as use of buttress material or drains.
A barium enema is an x-ray examination of the colon where barium is used to coat the walls of the colon so it can be visualized. It is used to detect conditions like cancer, polyps, ulcerative colitis, and Hirschsprung's disease in children by examining the anatomy and function of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The patient must prepare by emptying their colon through fasting and laxatives and removing any metal before the barium is administered for imaging.
This document provides an overview of acute appendicitis and its ultrasound evaluation. It discusses:
1. The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis including symptoms like right lower quadrant pain and signs like rebound tenderness.
2. Laboratory findings that support a diagnosis of appendicitis, such as elevated white blood cell count and CRP level.
3. The ultrasound technique for visualizing the appendix and criteria for a normal appendix versus findings indicative of appendicitis, including size, shape, compressibility and wall vascularity.
4. Potential pitfalls in ultrasound diagnosis like air in the appendix or lymphoid hyperplasia that can mimic appendicitis.
This document summarizes guidelines for examining and managing common intestinal stoma complications in primary care. It provides guidance on examining the stoma, assessing for issues like prolapse, retraction, hernias, and high or low output. It emphasizes supporting patients by addressing psychological impacts, referring to specialty nursing as needed, and empowering patients to manage their stoma long-term. The goal is to properly identify and treat complications while helping patients adjust to life with an intestinal stoma.
This document discusses various causes and types of intestinal obstruction, including their presentation, diagnosis and management. It covers mechanical obstructions caused by adhesions, hernias, volvulus and intussusception. It also discusses paralytic ileus and pseudo-obstruction which are adynamic obstructions without a mechanical cause. The management involves supportive care, surgical correction of the underlying cause, and resection of non-viable intestine. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications like strangulation.
Barium meal is a radiological study used to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It involves orally administering barium sulfate, which coats the gastrointestinal tract and allows abnormalities to be detected on x-rays. Key steps include preparing the patient by having them fast overnight and abstain from smoking or antacids, administering buscopan or glucagon to relax the stomach, and taking x-ray images in various positions to view different areas. Barium meal is useful for evaluating symptoms like vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, and anemia. It can detect abnormalities caused by ulcers, tumors, obstructions, and other issues.
Cachexia is characterized by involuntary weight loss, loss of appetite, muscle wasting, and physical weakness, often seen in patients with chronic or severe diseases like cancer, tuberculosis, or AIDS. The management of cachexia can be complicated, as weight loss may be due to illness side effects or treatments. Nutritional therapy and pharmaceuticals may help improve quality of life and life expectancy.
"Abdominal Exploration-When to cut, anatomic review and surgical techniques"
Presented by Dr. Earl (Trey) F. Calfee, III
Form more information about nashville Veterinary Specialists and Animal Emergency services, please visit our website at http://www.nashvillevetspecialists.com
This document discusses bowel obstruction, defining it as a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines that prevents normal digestion transit. It notes that bowel obstruction can occur anywhere in the intestines below the duodenum and is a medical emergency. The document then lists and describes the most common causes of small and large bowel obstruction and their associated clinical features such as abdominal pain, distension, vomiting and constipation. It concludes with the diagnostic evaluation and management approaches for bowel obstruction, which include medical stabilization, bowel decompression via NG tube, and potential surgical interventions like resection or temporary colostomy.
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It describes two main types - mechanical obstruction caused by physical blockage, and paralytic ileus caused by loss of intestinal motility. Common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and distension. Diagnosis involves abdominal x-rays to detect gas patterns and fluid levels. Treatment focuses on fluid resuscitation, decompression with NG tubes, and timely surgery to relieve blockages and prevent complications like strangulation.
Surgical Management of Intestinal Obstruction Harsha Yadav
The document discusses the management of intestinal obstruction. It covers supportive management including nasogastric decompression and fluid/electrolyte replacement. Surgical management principles include managing the site of obstruction, distended bowel, and underlying cause. Specific surgical techniques are described for different types of obstructions including adhesions, intussusception, large bowel obstruction, and volvulus in the caecum or sigmoid. Dynamic obstruction management is also outlined for paralytic ileus and pseudo-obstruction.
This document discusses various gastrointestinal procedures and conditions. It describes gallstones, their causes and symptoms. Imaging tests for gallstones like ultrasound, CT scan, and radionuclide scans are outlined. Anastomosis and gastric stapling procedures are explained as well as their risks and benefits. Colonoscopy preparation, procedure, risks and potential findings are summarized.
This document provides an overview of appendicitis and hernia. It describes the anatomy of the appendix and causes of appendicitis. The clinical manifestations of appendicitis include abdominal pain and fever. Complications can include perforation. Treatment involves appendectomy. Nursing care focuses on pre-operative assessment and IV fluids/antibiotics, as well as post-operative monitoring for complications. Hernias are described as protrusions through weak areas of the abdominal wall. Common types and general causes are outlined. Clinical signs include bulging that reduces with lying down. Treatment options include surgery to repair or reinforce the abdominal wall.
A stoma is an opening that is created to allow stool or urine to pass out of the body.
INDICATIONS FOR OSTOMY
SITES OF STOMA
SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE STOMA POUCH
STEPS TO CHANGE POUCH
IRRIGATION
COMPLICATIONS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
This document discusses intestinal obstruction, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Mechanical obstruction is caused by lesions or masses that physically block the intestines, while paralytic ileus involves loss of normal bowel motility. Common symptoms are abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and distension. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam finding bowel sounds or masses, and imaging tests. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement, decompressing the bowel, and timely surgery to resolve the obstruction if it has not resolved on its own.
Intestinal obstruction is commonly seen in neonates and presents with vomiting soon after feeds. Common causes include duodenal atresia, jejunoileal atresia, and meconium ileus. Diagnosis is made through imaging like barium meal X-ray, CT scan, or ultrasound. Management involves correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances, adequate oxygenation and ventilation, and treating the underlying cause surgically. Anesthetic management differs based on whether it is an upper or lower GI obstruction. For upper GI obstruction, general anesthesia with caudal epidural is preferred to minimize anesthetic use. For lower GI obstruction, invasive monitoring is recommended due to potential cardiovascular instability, and nitrous oxide is avoided
This document discusses esophageal resection and reconstruction techniques. It covers indications for resection such as carcinoma or injury. Common reconstruction conduits are the stomach, colon, jejunum or combinations. Reconstruction routes include posterior mediastinal, substernal or subcutaneous. Complications can include fistula, stricture or dysfunction. The goal is a viable patient with functional gastrointestinal continuity. Successful reconstruction lasts long, provides nutrition and is done safely with flexibility and a team approach.
This study compares two surgical procedures for esophageal replacement in children with esophageal atresia - coloplasty (using the colon) and gastroplasty (using the stomach). The study found that gastroplasty, especially when performed through the posterior mediastinum, has more advantages over coloplasty. Gastroplasty requires only one anastomosis, is less complex, and results in fewer early complications. Children who underwent gastroplasty also showed better long-term adaptation and quality of life compared to those who received coloplasty. The study concludes that gastroplasty through the posterior mediastinum is the preferred technique for esophageal replacement in children.
The document summarizes recent findings regarding the anatomy and functions of the mesentery. It discusses how clarifying the shape and development of the mesentery has advanced understanding of various abdominal and systemic diseases. The mesentery provides structural support for the digestive organs and is involved in processes like immune response coordination and cellular migration. Various pathologies like cancer, ischemia, and Crohn's disease involve the mesentery. A mesenteric-based model of abdominal anatomy provides insights into disease and guides surgical and other treatment approaches.
Incisional Hernia – Causes and Treatment.pdfMeghaSingh194
An incisional hernia is a bulge or protrusion that occurs at the site of previous abdominal surgery. The bulge consists of abdominal contents, including the intestine and/or omentum, pushing through the weakened area of the abdominal wall. In medical terms, incisional hernias are sometimes also known as ventral hernias. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/incisional-hernia-causes-and-treatment/
This document provides an overview of common surgical procedures and the role of physiotherapy in pre- and post-operative care. It discusses operations involving the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), large intestine (colostomy), stomach (gastrectomy), hernias, breast (mastectomy), kidney (nephrectomy), and prostate (prostatectomy). For each procedure, it describes the purpose, surgical approach, potential complications, and how physiotherapists focus on pulmonary care, mobility exercises, and education to aid recovery.
Pelvic gynecology intervention, complications and significance of teamwork co...Rustem Celami
Extensive gynecologic surgery often entails meticulous dissection near the bladder, rectum, ureters, and great vessels of the pelvis. Complications of gynecologic surgery include hemorrhage, infection, thromboembolism, and visceral damage. The risk of complications depends upon the extent and approach to surgery and patient characteristics. Understandably, the more common complications from this surgery relate to injuries to these viscera and occur during extensive resections for the treatment of cancer or when anatomy is distorted due to infection or endometriosis. Injuries to the gastrointestinal components are common during open gynecological surgery. Any delay in diagnosing a bowel perforation can lead to serious fecal peritonitis and even death. If a patient is experiencing pain, tachycardia, and fever following surgery, bowel injury should be suspected, warranting immediate consultation with a general surgeon. Gynecologists routinely operate on patients with risk factors for bowel injury; obesity, endometriosis, multiple abdominal procedures, pelvic inflammatory disease, history of malignancy, and advanced age. A general surgeon is often called, however, for bowel repairs that can be performed by a gynecologist with sufficient training and experience. There are instances, however, in which a general surgical consultation may not be readily available, another reason to master repair of bowel injuries encountered during gynecologic surgery. In conclusion, sufficient training of principles of intestinal surgery, and close collaboration with general surgeons is very important for management of these complications and a successful outcome.
Ventral hernias occur when abdominal tissue protrudes through weaknesses in the abdominal wall. They can be caused by conditions like chronic coughing, obesity, or prior surgery. Diagnosis involves examination for lumps or pain when coughing as well as imaging tests. Treatment depends on the hernia type but commonly includes surgical repair by pushing intestines back in and reinforcing the abdominal wall with mesh using open, laparoscopic, or robotic techniques.
Diverticulitis Surgery - Procedure and Recovery Southlake.pdfMeghaSingh194
Diverticulitis happens when small pockets in digestive tract, called as diverticula, get inflamed. Diverticula frequently become inflamed once they become infected. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/diverticulitis-surgery-procedure-and-recovery-southlake/
The document discusses hernia, including its definition, types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and nursing management. Key points include:
- A hernia is a bulge or protrusion of an organ or tissue through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding wall of its containing cavity.
- Hernias are classified by their location, such as inguinal, femoral, umbilical, incisional and hiatal hernias.
- They can be caused by congenital weakness, increased abdominal pressure from lifting, straining or obesity.
- Symptoms include a bulge or swelling, pain that intensifies with coughing or straining.
- Treatment involves monitoring, use of a truss,
1. The document presents a case study about a 53-year-old female patient named Nourah Al-Harthi who was diagnosed with a hernia.
2. It defines hernias as abnormalities that allow internal tissues to protrude through weaknesses in anatomical structures. It describes inguinal hernias as a common type that occurs more often in men.
3. Surgery is the only treatment that can permanently repair a hernia by securing weakened abdominal wall tissues and closing holes, with most hernias now closed using cloth patches.
Certain Gastrointestinal Disorders Can Be Life Threatening And Require Emerge...guestd0d4e1
Certain gastrointestinal disorders like abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal abscesses can require emergency surgery. Doctors must quickly determine if surgery is needed to identify and treat the underlying problem. Abdominal abscesses in particular cause pain and other symptoms depending on their location, and are usually diagnosed using imaging tests before being treated by draining pus and antibiotics. Abdominal hernias, which cause bulging but little pain, are also common and usually repaired through elective surgery to prevent potential incarceration or strangulation of intestine tissue.
Certain Gastrointestinal Disorders Can Be Life Threatening And Require Emerge...Deep Deep
Certain gastrointestinal disorders like abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal abscesses can require emergency surgery. Doctors must quickly determine if surgery is needed to identify and treat the underlying problem. Abdominal abscesses in particular cause pain and other symptoms depending on their location, and are usually diagnosed using imaging tests before being treated by draining pus and antibiotics. Abdominal hernias, which cause bulging but little pain, are also common and usually repaired through elective surgery to prevent potential incarceration or strangulation of intestine tissue.
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A hernia is the abnormal exit of tissue or an organ, such as the bowel, through the wall of the cavity in which it normally resides. Hernias come in a number of types. Most commonly they involve the abdomen, specifically the groin. Groin hernias are most commonly of the inguinal type but may also be femoral
Surgical Options for Ruptured Gallbladder.pdfMeghaSingh194
When it comes to treating a ruptured gallbladder, there are several surgical options available to patients. The choice of procedure will depend on various factors, such as the severity of the rupture, the patient’s overall health, and the presence of any complications. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/surgical-options-for-ruptured-gallbladder/
Ventral Hernia - Causes, Symptoms, and Surgical Solutions.pdfMeghaSingh194
Ventral hernias are a prevalent issue where the intestines or other tissues protrude through a weak spot or opening in the abdominal wall. These hernias can cause discomfort, pain, and potential complications if left untreated. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/ventral-hernia-repair-essential-guide/
The document discusses various endoscopic procedures including colonoscopy, hernioplasty, and gastric lavage. It provides details on how each procedure is performed, what conditions they are used to treat, and potential risks involved. Choledocholithotripsy is highlighted as a non-surgical alternative to cholecystectomy for treating gallstones using shock waves to shatter stones in the gallbladder.
A hernia is an abnormal hole or weakness in the abdominal wall that allows internal organs or tissues to protrude outside of the body. The most common types are inguinal hernias, which occur in the groin area, and hiatal hernias, which involve part of the stomach protruding into the chest. Hernias can range from harmless to a medical emergency if the blood supply is cut off. Treatment involves surgery to repair the abdominal wall, though some small reducible hernias may only require monitoring.
The document discusses several conditions related to the digestive system:
1) Diverticulosis is a condition where pouches called diverticula bulge out from weak spots in the colon wall, usually occurring where the colon joins the rectum. It becomes diverticulitis if the pouches become infected or rupture.
2) A hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. This can cause acid reflux symptoms.
3) Peptic ulcers develop as sores or holes in the lining of the stomach, esophagus, or duodenum due to acidic digestive juices. Major causes are H. pylori bacteria infection and long
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2. An umbilical hernia is a protrusion close to the navel or belly button, which contains a sac
that holds some fluid, fats or the intestine. The concern is, it might protrude via a weak
spot or opening in the muscles of the stomach.
Some patients have had this protrusion since birth, when the muscles surrounding their
umbilical cord failed to close off properly. Research shows that women who have given
birth multiple times, individuals who’ve had stomach surgery, and overweight individuals
are predisposed to umbilical hernias.
Umbilical Hernia Repair Options
Note that a hernia, regardless of the type, won’t heal by itself. Repairing an umbilical
hernia could eliminate the protrusion and alleviate discomfort and pain. According to
MedLine Plus, the most common signs of umbilical hernia includes pain in the navel,
affecting 44% of patients, significant pressure in the navel, affecting 20% of patients, and
vomiting and nausea, affecting 9% of patients with umbilical hernias.
3. Commonly, patients could choose from
two hernia repair options, provided that
the repair option is appropriate for their
specific circumstances. One is open
surgery, wherein repair is conducted via
an incision in the navel. The other option
is laparoscopic surgery or laparoscopy,
wherein repair is performed via several
tiny incisions in the abdomen with the
help of a laparoscope. Doctors usually
recommend hernia repair surgery if the
following is true:
A significantly large umbilical hernia
Presence of bothersome symptoms
On the other hand, surgery must be done
immediately if there’s significant pain
and/or swelling, as well as other
symptoms of a rare but severe condition
referred to as incarcerated hernia or
strangulation, which could arise when
intestines become stuck in the hernia sac,
resulting in reduced blood supply.
4. Other Vital Things to Note
Plenty of patients could delay repair surgery for several months or years, while some
may never have to undergo surgery. For smaller and symptom-free hernias in
general, doctors advise patients to wait if symptoms appear since some umbilical
hernias are more inclined to grow larger as the belly’s muscle wall weaken, resulting
in more tissue protruding through. While there is always the risk of the hernia
reappearing after surgery, the risk is extremely low for generally healthy patients.
Resources
http://davissurgicalassociates.com
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=90&con
tentid=p01998
https://medlineplus.gov/ency//article/002935.htm
http://www.healthline.com/health/umbilical-hernia#Causes2