Oxygen therapy is defined as the administration of oxygen at higher concentrations than found in room air, indicated for conditions like dyspnea, hypoxemia, and trauma. Its goals include correcting hypoxemia and minimizing cardiopulmonary workload, with classifications based on device performance into low-flow, reservoir, and high-flow systems. Various devices deliver specific oxygen concentrations, such as nasal cannulas, simple masks, and high-flow nasal cannulas, which can supply humidified oxygen at high rates.

1. OXYGEN THERAPY
O2 THERAPY
Mechanism, Benefits, and Clinical
Applications

2. TABLE OF CONTENT
❏ Introduction of oxygen therapy
❏ Indication of oxygen therapy
❏ Goal of oxygen therapy
❏ Clinical objectives of oxygen therapy
❏ Factors of oxygen therapy
❏ Classification of oxygen therapy
❏ Low flow devices
❏ Reservoir devices
❏ High flow devices

3. INTRODUCTION OF OXYGEN THERAPY
DEFINITION
Oxygen Therapy is usually defined as the administration of oxygen at
concentrations greater than those found in room air

4. INDICATION OF OXYGEN THERAPY
➔ Treat acute or emergency situation like dyspnoea,tachypnea
➔ Hypoxemia
➔ Severe trauma
➔ Myocardial infraction
➔ Post-operative conditions

5. GOAL OF OXYGEN THERAPY
Maintain adequate tissue oxygenation while minimizing cardiopulmonary
works

6. CLINICAL OBJECTIVES OF OXYGEN THERAPY
1. Correcting hypoxemia
2. Decreasing symptoms of hypoxemia
3. Minimizing cardiopulmonary works

7. FACTOR OF OXYGEN THERAPY
Factor that determine which system to use
❖ PATIENT FACTOR- comfort,respiratory rate
❖ Equpiment factor- oxygen flow rate,type of mask
❖ Additional factor-need of other gases or vapour eg.humidifier,nebulizer

8. CLASSFICATION OF OXYGEN THERAPY
BASED ON PERFORMANCE OF DEVICE
1. Fixed
2. variable
BASED ON FLOW DELIVERED ON DEVICE
3. Low flow
4. High flow

9. CONT….
VARIABLE/LOW FLOW SYSTEM
❖ Do not provide constant FIO2
❖ Part of tidal volume is delivered by room air
❖ Eg. nasal cannula, simple face mask
FIXED/HIGH FLOW SYSTEM
❖ Deliver specific and constant percent of oxygen
❖ Eg. venturi mask,HFNC

10. CONT….
BASED ON DESIGN O2 DELIVERY DEVICES ARE CLASSFIED INTO
1. Low flow
2. Reservoir
3. High flow

11. LOW FLOW DEVICES
1. NASAL CANNULA
FIO2 ranges from 24-40% of O2 at 1-5liters of O2
1lit-24% FiO2
2lit-28%FiO2
3lit-32%FiO2
4lit-36%FiO2
5lit-40%FiO2
The formula for calculating FiO2 IS - FiO2= flow x 4+ 21

12. CONT….
SIMPLE FACE MASK
➢ It delivers 35% to 60% of oxygen
➢ Flow rate of 6 to 10 liters/minute
➢ It is used when an increasing delivery of O2 in short time period

13. RESERVOIR DEVICES
PARTIAL REBREATHING MASK
➔ It has a vent and reservoir bad
➔ Flow rate is 8-10lit/min
➔ Delivers 50 - 75% FiO2
NON REBREATHING MASK
➔ Flow rate 10 - 15lit/min
➔ Delivers 80% - 100% FiO2
➔ The bag has oxygen reservoir of 1 hour

14. HIGH FLOW DEVICES
VENTURE MASK
❖ It is designed with wide bore tubing and various colour coded jet adapter
❖ Each colour code correspond to the precise oxygen concentration and specific
flow liter
❖ Its operate the basis of bernoulli’s principle
❖ The narrow part of the tube cause the viscosity of oxygen to increase creating
in the decrease in pressure to equal the energy that was pervious in the tube
❖ The drop in pressure is due to bernoulli’s principle

15. COLOUR CODES OF VENTURI MASK
COLOUR FiO2 O2 FLOW
BLUE 24% 2LIT
WHITE 28% 4LIT
ORANGE 31% 6LIT
YELLOW 35% 8LIT
RED 40% 10LIT
GREEN 60% 15LIT

16. HIGH FLOW NASAL CANNULA
It as an oxygen supply system it capable to delivery upto 100% humidified
and heated oxygen at flow rate of up to 60lit/min

17. THANK YOU