A LAANE report reveals that airlines at LAX may have put the security and the health of the public at risk, while failing to provide adequate services for passengers with disabilities. Although the duties of airline contracted service workers are vital to the health and safety of the traveling public, these workers are poorly compensated, receive little training, and have few incentives to stay in their jobs long term.
Uses and Risks of Commercial Drones in StadiumsNige Austin
The Stadiums industry will enjoy great commercial bene t from the use of drones. It is also open to the risks associated with the misuse of drones by third parties.
This article explores this question of managing liability in the current Australian legal framework.
1. The document discusses the ethical codes of the aviation industry and whether major and regional airlines are following regulations. It notes issues with regional airline pilot wages, eligibility, and housing that can compromise safety.
2. The Federal Aviation Administration is tasked with developing and enforcing safety regulations but has limited resources with only 4,300 inspectors to oversee 25,000 daily flights. There are also cases of airlines not being properly inspected.
3. Regional airline policies need reform to strengthen safety, increase pilot standards and pay to improve decision making, and give the FAA more oversight capabilities.
INTEGRATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSWilson Ragle
This document discusses integrating unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system. It addresses the problem of detect and avoid (DAA) capabilities for unmanned aircraft to safely operate around manned aircraft. The projected solution involves a combination of systems, including traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS), automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B), radar, and electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) systems to enable detection of both cooperative and non-cooperative aircraft. Regulations and individual sensing technologies like ADS-B, TCAS, EO/IR and radar are also analyzed in detail for enabling DAA of unmanned aircraft in shared airspace.
This document discusses cockpit automation and its effects on pilot skills. It summarizes a seminal 1995 study by Veillette and Decker that found pilots flying aircraft with early electronic flight displays (EFIS) showed some erosion of manual flying skills compared to pilots of conventional aircraft, especially during abnormal maneuvers or when the autopilot was disengaged. While automation has safety benefits, pilots must understand its limitations and not rely solely on automation to avoid errors during emergencies or abnormal situations when manual flying skills are needed. Maintaining basic flying skills is important when using automated aircraft.
This handbook provides tools and guidance for pilots to recognize and manage risk through all phases of flight. It discusses how approximately 85% of aviation accidents are caused by "pilot error" due to a lack of risk management training. The handbook teaches pilots to identify potential risks, determine if risks are justified, and establish standards and procedures to successfully manage risks. Checklists and scenarios in the appendices aim to help pilots incorporate risk management into flight planning and training to improve safety.
Aeronautical Decision Making And Risk Management For PilotsMySkyMom
This presentation relies heavily on the FAA\'s Risk Management Handbook, which can be found at http://www.faa.gov It covers factors related to ADM, statistics, best practices, and related case studies.
Three out of four aviation accidents result from human error. Studies of human behavior examine both innate and learned factors that influence human performance. The Federal Aviation Administration utilizes such studies to understand why pilots make mistakes and reduce human errors. Research has identified several traits common in pilots prone to accidents, including disdain for rules, impulsiveness, and disregard for outside information. In contrast, successful pilots demonstrate concentration, workload management, and the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
Uses and Risks of Commercial Drones in StadiumsNige Austin
The Stadiums industry will enjoy great commercial bene t from the use of drones. It is also open to the risks associated with the misuse of drones by third parties.
This article explores this question of managing liability in the current Australian legal framework.
1. The document discusses the ethical codes of the aviation industry and whether major and regional airlines are following regulations. It notes issues with regional airline pilot wages, eligibility, and housing that can compromise safety.
2. The Federal Aviation Administration is tasked with developing and enforcing safety regulations but has limited resources with only 4,300 inspectors to oversee 25,000 daily flights. There are also cases of airlines not being properly inspected.
3. Regional airline policies need reform to strengthen safety, increase pilot standards and pay to improve decision making, and give the FAA more oversight capabilities.
INTEGRATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMSWilson Ragle
This document discusses integrating unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system. It addresses the problem of detect and avoid (DAA) capabilities for unmanned aircraft to safely operate around manned aircraft. The projected solution involves a combination of systems, including traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS), automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B), radar, and electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) systems to enable detection of both cooperative and non-cooperative aircraft. Regulations and individual sensing technologies like ADS-B, TCAS, EO/IR and radar are also analyzed in detail for enabling DAA of unmanned aircraft in shared airspace.
This document discusses cockpit automation and its effects on pilot skills. It summarizes a seminal 1995 study by Veillette and Decker that found pilots flying aircraft with early electronic flight displays (EFIS) showed some erosion of manual flying skills compared to pilots of conventional aircraft, especially during abnormal maneuvers or when the autopilot was disengaged. While automation has safety benefits, pilots must understand its limitations and not rely solely on automation to avoid errors during emergencies or abnormal situations when manual flying skills are needed. Maintaining basic flying skills is important when using automated aircraft.
This handbook provides tools and guidance for pilots to recognize and manage risk through all phases of flight. It discusses how approximately 85% of aviation accidents are caused by "pilot error" due to a lack of risk management training. The handbook teaches pilots to identify potential risks, determine if risks are justified, and establish standards and procedures to successfully manage risks. Checklists and scenarios in the appendices aim to help pilots incorporate risk management into flight planning and training to improve safety.
Aeronautical Decision Making And Risk Management For PilotsMySkyMom
This presentation relies heavily on the FAA\'s Risk Management Handbook, which can be found at http://www.faa.gov It covers factors related to ADM, statistics, best practices, and related case studies.
Three out of four aviation accidents result from human error. Studies of human behavior examine both innate and learned factors that influence human performance. The Federal Aviation Administration utilizes such studies to understand why pilots make mistakes and reduce human errors. Research has identified several traits common in pilots prone to accidents, including disdain for rules, impulsiveness, and disregard for outside information. In contrast, successful pilots demonstrate concentration, workload management, and the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
This document provides an overview of crew resource management (CRM) training, including its history and evolution. It discusses how CRM training was developed in response to accident analyses that found ineffective communication, inadequate leadership, and poor group decision making were factors in 70% of accidents. The first CRM programs in the 1980s focused on skills like leadership and interpersonal skills, while later generations integrated CRM into technical training and addressed issues like automation and human factors. Current CRM training is meant to be integrated into regular procedures. The document also lists common CRM training topics like communication, leadership, teamwork, decision making, error management, and stress/fatigue.
System safety flight training occurs in three phases: 1) traditional stick-and-rudder skills are developed to a high degree of confidence, 2) risk management concepts are introduced through scenarios, and 3) more complex scenarios requiring focus on multiple safety issues are used. A traditional maneuver, like a short-field landing, can illustrate this by first focusing on skills, then introducing various risk factors without increasing training time, and finally incorporating risks into a complex scenario. System safety also applies to important lessons, like controlled flight into terrain, by discussing contributing factors during ground school and cross-country flights.
AirMAXCrew resource management Flight Scheduler ,Reservation System has it all - scheduling, booking, reporting, customer management, and other functions, all operated from a secure, web-based application.
AirMAX Owing to supreme innovation into the digital field, the airline and travel industries have managed to get their share of such vast electronic sophistication and hence there are developed scores of applications which are aimed at a range of modules of typical airline industry. For instance, the efficient and creative programming artists have developed applications pertaining to airline reservation system, crew resource management,aircraft charter quotes,APIS automation,APIS transmitting flexible reservations and inventory management, passenger reservation and so on. Besides, the thoughtful but extremely efficient application designers always keep their systems simple and easy to use even for a person with limited knowledge of internet and software. As a matter of interesting fact, modern application developers also align agent control modules so that the authorized travel agents of the leading airlines will have the access and control over the centralized systems and so a wide range of information could easily be manipulated and updated at times for the common benefit but without affecting the integrity and security of the centralized data repository. for more visit http://www.airmaxsystem.com
Risk management involves weighing the costs and benefits of risks. Hazard recognition is critical to risk management. A hazard is a present condition that could lead to an unplanned event, like an accident. Four common aviation hazards are a nick in a propeller blade, improper refueling, pilot fatigue, and use of unapproved parts. Personality, education, experience, and regulations all influence a pilot's ability to recognize hazards. Experience provides knowledge over time but can also provide a false sense of security that causes pilots to ignore or fail to recognize potential hazards.
This document discusses aeronautical decision making (ADM) and provides an example of how poor decision making can lead to an accident. It begins by explaining that ADM is a systematic approach that helps pilots determine the best course of action given the circumstances through recognizing hazards. The document then provides more details on the history of ADM training and the steps involved in good decision making. It also discusses analytical decision making using the DECIDE model. Finally, it gives an example of how a pilot rushing to make a Thanksgiving dinner ignored weather hazards and crashed while attempting a landing with 100 foot ceilings and 1/4 mile visibility, illustrating how failing to follow proper decision making can have tragic consequences.
The document discusses methods for pilots to assess risk, including using a risk matrix to determine the likelihood and severity of potential hazards. It provides examples of assessing risks, such as the risk posed by deteriorating weather conditions for a VFR pilot. The document also discusses how pilots can mitigate identified risks, such as waiting for better weather or taking a more experienced pilot. A comprehensive risk assessment program is presented that considers additional factors like fatigue, weather, and flight planning. Determining the level of risk allows pilots to decide if flights require caution, exercise caution, or should be avoided or modified to reduce dangers.
This document provides tips and guidance for disabled or less mobile air passengers on their rights to assistance during air travel. It outlines the legal rights to free assistance at airports and on flights within Europe. It emphasizes the importance of informing airlines in advance of any special needs or mobility equipment and confirming assistance arrangements at each stage of the journey. It also provides advice on what to do if assistance is not provided as promised.
This document discusses single-pilot resource management (SRM) and how its principles can be applied to single-pilot aircraft operations. It then describes an accident involving an experimental aircraft where the pilot had installed a six-way powered automobile seat without properly assessing the risks. This led to hazards like overheating the circuit breaker due to an incorrect amperage rating. The installation of the non-aviation seat ultimately contributed to an in-flight fire and crash that killed both pilots. The document uses this accident as an example of how failure to recognize hazards and properly evaluate risks can lead to fatal consequences.
This document discusses the concepts of Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) and pilotage. It defines ADM as a systematic approach for pilots to determine the best course of action given a set of circumstances. The document outlines the basic steps of pilotage as navigating using landmarks on charts. It explains how ADM and pilotage are intertwined in flight planning by considering factors like the pilot, aircraft, environment and external pressures. Some operational pitfalls related to proper application of ADM during flight are also listed.
The document is an assignment submitted by Abdur Rahim Khan for his course on airport handling procedures at Skylark Aviation Training School. It includes an introduction to aviation history and governing bodies like IATA, ICAO, and BCAS. The document then provides an index and outlines of sections on aviation history, governing bodies, and the various stages of airport handling procedures like reservations, check-in, boarding, and arrivals.
Customers satisfaction on the provision for special needsEzzy Izzuddin
This document discusses a study conducted on passenger satisfaction levels with airline services for passengers with special needs. It outlines the research objectives, questions, methodology, data collection and presentation. Key findings from the passenger surveys found that most passengers were satisfied with the services and facilities provided, such as equipment, training of staff and discounts. However, some recommendations for improvement were made, including providing more assistance at arrival gates and airports, additional staff training, and ensuring wheelchairs are provided free of charge. In conclusion, while most special needs passengers were satisfied, some low-cost carriers needed to improve their services in line with ICAO guidelines for passengers requiring special assistance.
The document discusses provisions for special needs in air transport. It defines disability and explains the three main types: poor health, poor wealth, and physical/mental disorders. It notes that provisions apply throughout the aviation environment and ensure rights to services. International organizations like ICAO have recommendations for minimum standards of accessibility and special assistance. Airlines have policies on declaring special needs, seating, medical clearance, wheelchairs and service animals. Airports aim to facilitate access and transfer between flights for those with limited mobility.
The March/April 2014 issue of FAA Safety Briefing takes a look at what it takes to "get back in the flying game." Whether it’s transitioning to a new type of aircraft, or returning from a flying hiatus, the articles here will provide safety and training advice and help you fine tune your plan for returning to the skies.
ALPA Code of Ethics for Walsh College COM 320 Online with Bailey VT2Nathan Zhang
The document summarizes the Air Line Pilot's Association (ALPA) Code of Ethics. ALPA is a pilot's union and professional organization. Its Code of Ethics outlines pilots' responsibilities in five sections - safety and comfort of passengers, duty to airlines, command responsibilities, networking with other pilots, and respecting the profession. The Code emphasizes putting passenger safety above all other concerns and maintaining high professional standards on and off duty.
An airline provides air transport services for passengers and freight. Airlines operate aircraft and may partner with other airlines. They require licenses from government aviation bodies. Airlines vary in size from small cargo carriers to large international airlines operating hundreds of aircraft across scheduled domestic, regional, international, and charter services. The first airline was founded in Germany in 1909. Key airline personnel include pilots, flight attendants, engineers, dispatchers, agents, and other ground crew who ensure safe and efficient airline operations.
The document summarizes the events of US Airways Flight 1549, which made an emergency landing on the Hudson River in New York City on January 15, 2009 after striking a flock of birds during takeoff, losing power in both engines. It describes how the pilots, Captain Chesley Sullenberger and First Officer Jeffrey Skiles, immediately took control of the plane and declared an emergency once the birds were struck. Despite efforts to restart the engines, the plane had become a glider that the pilots had to land within 3 minutes. The document outlines the pilots' decision to land in the Hudson River rather than attempting to reach airports due to safety concerns over populated areas.
Educaterer India is an unique combination of passion driven into a hobby which makes an awesome profession. We carve the lives of enthusiastic candidates to a perfect professional who can impress upon the mindsets of the industry, while following the established traditions, can dare to set new standards to follow. We don't want you to be the part of the crowd, rather we like to make you the reason of the crowd.
Today's Effort For A Better Tomorrow
This document proposes a notification service to prevent accidents using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. The system would warn drivers about accidents and hazardous road conditions using messages of different priorities sent between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs). A VANET simulation shows how safety messages reduce driver response time during emergencies. The new communication system improves bandwidth usage for low priority messages containing traffic and weather data shared between RSUs. The simulation results demonstrate that intelligent transportation systems can significantly decrease driver response times and improve road safety.
Accident investigations at Sea: Learning from Failure or Failure to Learn?Nippin Anand
This document discusses different perspectives on accident investigations and highlights issues with current investigation methods. It argues that investigations should look beyond direct causes like human error and examine underlying organizational, cultural, and motivational factors. Investigations often oversimplify situations and fail to understand why professionals took the actions they did. To be effective, investigations need to consider the context and "local rationality" of situations rather than just focusing on rule violations.
This document summarizes a research article about using topological fixed point iteration methods and the simplex algorithm to solve an optimization problem for hiring and training flight attendants at South African Airways. It provides background on South African Airways, flight attendants, and the responsibilities of flight attendants. It then reviews the simplex method and how it can be used to solve systems of linear equations and inequalities, which can model the flight attendant optimization problem.
Cabin crew play an important role in aircraft safety, though they work in a hazardous environment. Their duties include ensuring passenger safety during normal flights and in emergencies through roles like providing medical assistance. However, cabin crew face several occupational health and safety issues like injuries from lifting passengers and luggage. Their training focuses on emergency procedures but may not adequately prepare them for medical roles or lack technical aircraft knowledge. Effective communication between cabin and flight crews is important for safety but challenges exist.
Available online at httpdocs.lib.purdue.edujateJournal.docxcelenarouzie
This study examined 113 commercial aviation accidents and incidents from 2002-2012 to evaluate the application of Crew Resource Management (CRM). 57 (50%) of the events listed a CRM-related causal factor or comment in the investigation report. The data supports the need for robust airline management procedures and CRM training guidelines to enhance pilot monitoring skills and CRM application, though no statistically significant relationship was found between CRM-related causes and airline management practices. CRM aims to develop skills like communication, decision making, and task management to mitigate human error, and plays an important role in flight safety internationally.
This document provides an overview of crew resource management (CRM) training, including its history and evolution. It discusses how CRM training was developed in response to accident analyses that found ineffective communication, inadequate leadership, and poor group decision making were factors in 70% of accidents. The first CRM programs in the 1980s focused on skills like leadership and interpersonal skills, while later generations integrated CRM into technical training and addressed issues like automation and human factors. Current CRM training is meant to be integrated into regular procedures. The document also lists common CRM training topics like communication, leadership, teamwork, decision making, error management, and stress/fatigue.
System safety flight training occurs in three phases: 1) traditional stick-and-rudder skills are developed to a high degree of confidence, 2) risk management concepts are introduced through scenarios, and 3) more complex scenarios requiring focus on multiple safety issues are used. A traditional maneuver, like a short-field landing, can illustrate this by first focusing on skills, then introducing various risk factors without increasing training time, and finally incorporating risks into a complex scenario. System safety also applies to important lessons, like controlled flight into terrain, by discussing contributing factors during ground school and cross-country flights.
AirMAXCrew resource management Flight Scheduler ,Reservation System has it all - scheduling, booking, reporting, customer management, and other functions, all operated from a secure, web-based application.
AirMAX Owing to supreme innovation into the digital field, the airline and travel industries have managed to get their share of such vast electronic sophistication and hence there are developed scores of applications which are aimed at a range of modules of typical airline industry. For instance, the efficient and creative programming artists have developed applications pertaining to airline reservation system, crew resource management,aircraft charter quotes,APIS automation,APIS transmitting flexible reservations and inventory management, passenger reservation and so on. Besides, the thoughtful but extremely efficient application designers always keep their systems simple and easy to use even for a person with limited knowledge of internet and software. As a matter of interesting fact, modern application developers also align agent control modules so that the authorized travel agents of the leading airlines will have the access and control over the centralized systems and so a wide range of information could easily be manipulated and updated at times for the common benefit but without affecting the integrity and security of the centralized data repository. for more visit http://www.airmaxsystem.com
Risk management involves weighing the costs and benefits of risks. Hazard recognition is critical to risk management. A hazard is a present condition that could lead to an unplanned event, like an accident. Four common aviation hazards are a nick in a propeller blade, improper refueling, pilot fatigue, and use of unapproved parts. Personality, education, experience, and regulations all influence a pilot's ability to recognize hazards. Experience provides knowledge over time but can also provide a false sense of security that causes pilots to ignore or fail to recognize potential hazards.
This document discusses aeronautical decision making (ADM) and provides an example of how poor decision making can lead to an accident. It begins by explaining that ADM is a systematic approach that helps pilots determine the best course of action given the circumstances through recognizing hazards. The document then provides more details on the history of ADM training and the steps involved in good decision making. It also discusses analytical decision making using the DECIDE model. Finally, it gives an example of how a pilot rushing to make a Thanksgiving dinner ignored weather hazards and crashed while attempting a landing with 100 foot ceilings and 1/4 mile visibility, illustrating how failing to follow proper decision making can have tragic consequences.
The document discusses methods for pilots to assess risk, including using a risk matrix to determine the likelihood and severity of potential hazards. It provides examples of assessing risks, such as the risk posed by deteriorating weather conditions for a VFR pilot. The document also discusses how pilots can mitigate identified risks, such as waiting for better weather or taking a more experienced pilot. A comprehensive risk assessment program is presented that considers additional factors like fatigue, weather, and flight planning. Determining the level of risk allows pilots to decide if flights require caution, exercise caution, or should be avoided or modified to reduce dangers.
This document provides tips and guidance for disabled or less mobile air passengers on their rights to assistance during air travel. It outlines the legal rights to free assistance at airports and on flights within Europe. It emphasizes the importance of informing airlines in advance of any special needs or mobility equipment and confirming assistance arrangements at each stage of the journey. It also provides advice on what to do if assistance is not provided as promised.
This document discusses single-pilot resource management (SRM) and how its principles can be applied to single-pilot aircraft operations. It then describes an accident involving an experimental aircraft where the pilot had installed a six-way powered automobile seat without properly assessing the risks. This led to hazards like overheating the circuit breaker due to an incorrect amperage rating. The installation of the non-aviation seat ultimately contributed to an in-flight fire and crash that killed both pilots. The document uses this accident as an example of how failure to recognize hazards and properly evaluate risks can lead to fatal consequences.
This document discusses the concepts of Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM) and pilotage. It defines ADM as a systematic approach for pilots to determine the best course of action given a set of circumstances. The document outlines the basic steps of pilotage as navigating using landmarks on charts. It explains how ADM and pilotage are intertwined in flight planning by considering factors like the pilot, aircraft, environment and external pressures. Some operational pitfalls related to proper application of ADM during flight are also listed.
The document is an assignment submitted by Abdur Rahim Khan for his course on airport handling procedures at Skylark Aviation Training School. It includes an introduction to aviation history and governing bodies like IATA, ICAO, and BCAS. The document then provides an index and outlines of sections on aviation history, governing bodies, and the various stages of airport handling procedures like reservations, check-in, boarding, and arrivals.
Customers satisfaction on the provision for special needsEzzy Izzuddin
This document discusses a study conducted on passenger satisfaction levels with airline services for passengers with special needs. It outlines the research objectives, questions, methodology, data collection and presentation. Key findings from the passenger surveys found that most passengers were satisfied with the services and facilities provided, such as equipment, training of staff and discounts. However, some recommendations for improvement were made, including providing more assistance at arrival gates and airports, additional staff training, and ensuring wheelchairs are provided free of charge. In conclusion, while most special needs passengers were satisfied, some low-cost carriers needed to improve their services in line with ICAO guidelines for passengers requiring special assistance.
The document discusses provisions for special needs in air transport. It defines disability and explains the three main types: poor health, poor wealth, and physical/mental disorders. It notes that provisions apply throughout the aviation environment and ensure rights to services. International organizations like ICAO have recommendations for minimum standards of accessibility and special assistance. Airlines have policies on declaring special needs, seating, medical clearance, wheelchairs and service animals. Airports aim to facilitate access and transfer between flights for those with limited mobility.
The March/April 2014 issue of FAA Safety Briefing takes a look at what it takes to "get back in the flying game." Whether it’s transitioning to a new type of aircraft, or returning from a flying hiatus, the articles here will provide safety and training advice and help you fine tune your plan for returning to the skies.
ALPA Code of Ethics for Walsh College COM 320 Online with Bailey VT2Nathan Zhang
The document summarizes the Air Line Pilot's Association (ALPA) Code of Ethics. ALPA is a pilot's union and professional organization. Its Code of Ethics outlines pilots' responsibilities in five sections - safety and comfort of passengers, duty to airlines, command responsibilities, networking with other pilots, and respecting the profession. The Code emphasizes putting passenger safety above all other concerns and maintaining high professional standards on and off duty.
An airline provides air transport services for passengers and freight. Airlines operate aircraft and may partner with other airlines. They require licenses from government aviation bodies. Airlines vary in size from small cargo carriers to large international airlines operating hundreds of aircraft across scheduled domestic, regional, international, and charter services. The first airline was founded in Germany in 1909. Key airline personnel include pilots, flight attendants, engineers, dispatchers, agents, and other ground crew who ensure safe and efficient airline operations.
The document summarizes the events of US Airways Flight 1549, which made an emergency landing on the Hudson River in New York City on January 15, 2009 after striking a flock of birds during takeoff, losing power in both engines. It describes how the pilots, Captain Chesley Sullenberger and First Officer Jeffrey Skiles, immediately took control of the plane and declared an emergency once the birds were struck. Despite efforts to restart the engines, the plane had become a glider that the pilots had to land within 3 minutes. The document outlines the pilots' decision to land in the Hudson River rather than attempting to reach airports due to safety concerns over populated areas.
Educaterer India is an unique combination of passion driven into a hobby which makes an awesome profession. We carve the lives of enthusiastic candidates to a perfect professional who can impress upon the mindsets of the industry, while following the established traditions, can dare to set new standards to follow. We don't want you to be the part of the crowd, rather we like to make you the reason of the crowd.
Today's Effort For A Better Tomorrow
This document proposes a notification service to prevent accidents using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. The system would warn drivers about accidents and hazardous road conditions using messages of different priorities sent between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs). A VANET simulation shows how safety messages reduce driver response time during emergencies. The new communication system improves bandwidth usage for low priority messages containing traffic and weather data shared between RSUs. The simulation results demonstrate that intelligent transportation systems can significantly decrease driver response times and improve road safety.
Accident investigations at Sea: Learning from Failure or Failure to Learn?Nippin Anand
This document discusses different perspectives on accident investigations and highlights issues with current investigation methods. It argues that investigations should look beyond direct causes like human error and examine underlying organizational, cultural, and motivational factors. Investigations often oversimplify situations and fail to understand why professionals took the actions they did. To be effective, investigations need to consider the context and "local rationality" of situations rather than just focusing on rule violations.
This document summarizes a research article about using topological fixed point iteration methods and the simplex algorithm to solve an optimization problem for hiring and training flight attendants at South African Airways. It provides background on South African Airways, flight attendants, and the responsibilities of flight attendants. It then reviews the simplex method and how it can be used to solve systems of linear equations and inequalities, which can model the flight attendant optimization problem.
Cabin crew play an important role in aircraft safety, though they work in a hazardous environment. Their duties include ensuring passenger safety during normal flights and in emergencies through roles like providing medical assistance. However, cabin crew face several occupational health and safety issues like injuries from lifting passengers and luggage. Their training focuses on emergency procedures but may not adequately prepare them for medical roles or lack technical aircraft knowledge. Effective communication between cabin and flight crews is important for safety but challenges exist.
Available online at httpdocs.lib.purdue.edujateJournal.docxcelenarouzie
This study examined 113 commercial aviation accidents and incidents from 2002-2012 to evaluate the application of Crew Resource Management (CRM). 57 (50%) of the events listed a CRM-related causal factor or comment in the investigation report. The data supports the need for robust airline management procedures and CRM training guidelines to enhance pilot monitoring skills and CRM application, though no statistically significant relationship was found between CRM-related causes and airline management practices. CRM aims to develop skills like communication, decision making, and task management to mitigate human error, and plays an important role in flight safety internationally.
The document discusses concerns about declining safety standards in the US commercial aviation industry due to a lack of experienced pilots and air traffic controllers. It argues that airlines are lowering hiring requirements and training standards in response to staffing shortages, putting inexperienced pilots and controllers in safety-critical roles without proper oversight from more experienced personnel. This paradigm shift in hiring practices and short staffing of the air traffic control system are identified as major risks that could lead to an aviation disaster if not addressed proactively by the industry.
The document provides an overview of human factors in aviation maintenance. It discusses:
- The history of human factors emerging as aircraft became more complex and exceeded human capabilities. Understanding the human role in maintenance is essential.
- Maintenance personnel must be carefully selected, trained, and have equipment that matches their capabilities and limitations.
- Numerous studies have found that 30-70% of accidents are attributable to human error or human factors issues in maintenance and inspection. This highlights the importance of considering human factors.
- Regulations and standards have increasingly focused on embedding human factors concepts and training to help maintenance personnel avoid unintended errors.
The document discusses the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) role in governing aviation and promoting diversity and inclusion. It notes that while discrimination laws have advanced rights over time, more progress is needed to increase employment diversity in the aviation industry. The FAA advertises an inclusive culture seeking employees from all backgrounds. However, the document argues that the reality does not match this portrayal, as minority groups remain underrepresented in the FAA workforce. It calls for the FAA to take further steps to eliminate barriers and unconscious biases to achieve true equal opportunity in aviation careers.
Communication is essential for safe and effective maintenance operations. Poor communication and dissemination of information have contributed to past accidents. The "Dirty Dozen" identifies the top 12 human factors that commonly lead to human error in maintenance if not properly addressed. They include lack of communication, complacency, lack of knowledge, and poor teamwork. Effective communication, dissemination of procedures, and addressing human factors can help reduce errors to improve safety.
This chapter discusses security challenges across various transportation sectors and efforts to address them. It covers difficulties hardening airports, rail stations, ports and securing cargo. Mass transit poses unique risks given accessibility needs. The Transportation Security Administration took over after 9/11 but screeners still miss threats and more funding is needed. Pipeline and trucking industries expanded monitoring but more coordinated security strategies are still needed across sectors. Risk assessment and management best practices can help but bureaucracy has slowed comprehensive security progress.
The document discusses automation in aviation. It notes that automation reduces the need for human intervention through the use of control systems and information technologies. In aviation specifically, automation is increasingly used in flight operations and air traffic control. While automation improves efficiency and job completion, it can negatively impact human operators by shifting their role from performer to observer, potentially leading to complacency issues. The document examines both the advantages of automation, like increased situational awareness and reduced costs, and the disadvantages, such as overdependence on automation systems and complacency.
Nigeria aviation industry drifting in turbulent watersDung Rwang Pam
DRIFTING IN TURBULENT WATERS!
AVIATION INDUSTRY 2004 OVERVIEW
On a global perspective, the aviation industry is just on the verge of initiating
a recovery. The fallout of September 11 2001 is still resonating in the
background. The war in Iraq and SARS has had their toll and the ripple effects
cannot altogether be avoided. Finally, the fuel crisis has robbed the industry of
profitability in 2004.
Just as a constitution is the final guiding document of any jurisprudent society.
So is the civil aviation policy the lighthouse towards which the Nation’s stakeholders
should be moving towards. The minimum ICAO standards and
recommended practices will form the benchmark for determining how the
Nigerian aviation industry has fared this year. This will enable the readers to be
the true final assessors of the journey so far.
In giving a fair appraisal, it is necessary to x-ray the component parts of industry.
Nigeria Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA)
Open skies and the International Aviation Safety Assessment.
In 26th August 2000, the Nigerian government signed a provisional open skies agreement with the USA with the expectation that the NCAA will be able to
achieve the IASA (International Aviation Safety Assessment) category 1
certification soon after.
Under the leadership of the current DG, the regulatory body has made
spirited efforts to ensure that it meets the minimum ICAO safety oversight
requirements. Simply put, we needed to prove to ICAO and the world that
we satisfy ALL the following five requirements:
1. The country has laws or regulations necessary to support the certification
and oversight of air carriers in accordance with minimum international
standards;
2. The NCAA has the technical expertise, resources, and organization to
license or oversee air carrier operations;
3. The NCAA has adequately trained and qualified technical personnel;
4. The NCAA has provided adequate inspector guidance to ensure enforcement
of, and compliance with, minimum international standards; and
5. The NCAA has sufficient documentation and records of certification and
adequate continuing oversight and surveillance of air carrier operations.
More than four years thereafter, and despite the efforts of the NCAA, this
certification has eluded us. This means that any aircraft on the Nigerian register is
not safe enough to fly to the USA, because it has not undergone the minimum safe
certification process.
70 illegal aerodromes, airstrips, helipads operating in Nigeria
In the ministerial brief of December 2004,The Minister admitted that “ the high
powered ministerial committee set up on the monitoring and control of the
private airports in the country" has discovered more than 70 aerodromes, airstrips
and heli-pads operating illegally across Nigeria without license and control or
supervision.
This obviously means the system of continuous surveillance of air operations by
the NCAA is grossly inadequate.
The civil aviation sector in India has great potential for growth given the large middle class. However, most airlines are struggling with losses. Air India has been kept afloat through large government bailouts but continues to operate at a loss due to issues like poor management decisions after its merger with Indian Airlines. The writer argues that long-term trust and stability in Kashmir can only be built through addressing issues on both sides of the border and changing mindsets, not through military or political tactics alone.
This document discusses air safety violations at Delta Airlines in 1987 that resulted in 137 deaths. It presents a theoretical framework analyzing the relationship between air safety violations and several independent variables, including communication among cockpit members, communication between ground control and the cockpit, decentralization, and training of cockpit crew. Poor communication, coordination, decentralization, and inadequate training are hypothesized to increase the probability and chances of air safety violations. Lack of adequate training could make pilots nervous and diffident, exacerbating safety issues in emergency situations with reduced communication and coordination. Poor training may also act as a moderating variable, with communication and coordination issues only leading to violations if pilot training is insufficient.
Chapter 2 Local Currency Fares and Ticketing Terminology (Computerized Reser...Md Shaifullar Rabbi
This document provides terminology related to local currency fares and ticketing in the airline industry. It begins with the presenter's credentials and experience in the field. Key terms defined include infant, child, adult fares, PNR, no-show, confirmed reservation, add-on fare, segment, sector, reconfirmation, reissue, constructed fare and more. It also briefly describes the Official Airline Guide, Travel Information Manual and processes of e-ticketing and fare construction.
General inclusion: flight crew, passengers, munitions, cargo, scientific instruments or experiments, and other equipment aboard.
General Discipline:
Prevention of accidents and incidents
Protection of aircraft occupants
The document discusses various topics related to the airline industry including:
- Types of jobs available in the airline industry such as flight attendants, administrative support, operations agents, and avionics technicians.
- Key functions of airlines such as planning, scheduling, revenue management, and irregular operations management.
- The Official Airline Guide (OAG) which was founded in 1929 and provides global travel data and flight information.
Aircraft rescue and Fire Fighting training report at CIALIshwarya Niveda
This report summarizes the student's 10-day training at Cochin International Airport in Kerala, India. It first discusses how the airport was established and how it is powered solely by solar energy. Next, it covers the objectives of the training, including both theoretical and practical skills. It then examines how the airport manages operations and its organizational structure. The report also provides observations of the airport facilities and procedures. It describes the airport's rescue and firefighting services. Finally, it identifies some problems and provides suggestions for improvements.
Micro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality.
All contents are rightfully credited to the book.
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND QUALIFICATIONS IN THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
(If someone knows the title of the book please tell me in the comment section. Thank you. )
This document provides a summary of an upcoming training session on the airline industry and e-ticketing. It introduces the speaker, Md. Shaifullar Rabbi, who has extensive experience in the tourism and hospitality field. It then provides an overview of key aspects of the airline industry, including industry employment statistics, major airline functions, types of airline jobs, and important reference materials like the Official Airline Guide and Travel Information Manual. Finally, it discusses e-ticketing and the role of global distribution systems and computer reservation systems in airline bookings.
Tracing Disability Representation After the1981UN International Year of Disab...Scott Rains
Scott Rains discusses his research into how various countries represented people with disabilities on postage stamps issued for the 1981 International Year of Disabled Persons. He analyzed over 115 countries' stamp issues from that year and organized them into categories based on their depictions, such as broken stems representing disability, people with disabilities at work, sports, tourism, visible and invisible disabilities, and famous disabled individuals. His methodology involved compiling images and facts into spreadsheets and flashcards to identify patterns in how different nations portrayed disability through these commissioned artworks.
The document summarizes interpretive programs at Ocotillo Wells SVRA that combine astronomy with off-road vehicle recreation:
- The park offers a weekly astronomy program featuring solar viewing, night sky viewing with a powerful telescope, and videos/activities to teach visitors about the cosmos. Donations have made the program financially sustainable.
- "Astrogeology" exhibits at popular off-road sites teach about geology of other planets compared to local features, using hands-on activities like examining moon rocks.
- Outreach includes astronomy-themed junior ranger activities, and programs taking telescopes into the nearby town and schools. Trading cards and information packets also spread astronomy knowledge.
- While primarily an off
The Purpose of a Conference on Inclusive TourismScott Rains
A conference on inclusive tourism has the dual responsibility of applying best practices in meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (MICE) while also modeling full participation for people of all abilities. Such a conference aims to showcase inclusive practices and provide a venue for improving them by directly engaging people with disabilities. It also works to promote universal human rights to cultural participation as affirmed in the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Effective data collection on travelers with disabilities and collaboration between industry and disability advocacy groups is needed to better understand this important market segment.
San Marino Declaration on Inclusive Tourism - 2014Scott Rains
Representatives from various organizations met in San Marino to discuss accessible tourism. They recognized the rights of disabled people to access tourism activities based on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. While progress has been made in accessibility in Europe, more needs to be done, especially in developing countries. The group calls on stakeholders to work towards eliminating barriers through training, observing universal design principles, promoting technologies that provide accessibility information, and mainstreaming accessibility in the tourism industry.
WASHINGTON, D.C., November 11, 2014—Today the Equal Rights Center (ERC)—a national non-profit civil rights organization—released a new toolkit to help veterans with disabilities advocate for accessible housing.
“Every year, hundreds of thousands of veterans return home to new challenges and barriers due to physical and mental disabilities resulting from their service to and for our country,” said Melvina Ford, executive director of the ERC. “Under the federal Fair Housing Act, these veterans are entitled to accessible housing and beyond that our gratitude and respect.”
According to government sources, 45 percent of the 1.6 million veterans from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are now seeking compensation for service-related disabilities, more than double the estimate of 21 percent who filed such claims after the Gulf War.
The lack of available accessible housing for these veterans with disabilities contributes to higher rates of unemployment and homelessness. Approximately 12 percent of the homeless population is made up of veterans, which in real numbers amounts to almost 50,000 homeless veterans on our streets.
“Our veterans—particularly those who return home with service-related disabilities—deserve equal treatment and opportunity in all aspects of their new lives,” said James Schenck, president and CEO of Pentagon Federal Credit Union (PenFed). “It is imperative that we ensure that veterans with disabilities have the resources and education to be effective advocates for themselves and their families.”
The Veterans with Disabilities Toolkit highlights the rights to accessible housing afforded to veterans with disabilities under Title XIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, known as the Fair Housing Act (FHA). This toolkit provides: an overview of the rights provided by the federal FHA, information on accessible design requirements of multifamily development, how to request a reasonable modification or accommodation from property owners or managers and answers to frequently asked questions.
On Disability and Tourism in Nepal: Article by Scott Rains and Interview with...Scott Rains
The document summarizes an article written by Dr. Scott Rains about the challenges and promise of inclusive tourism in Nepal. Some key points:
- Dr. Rains visited Nepal to evaluate the accessibility of tours for wheelchair users and build capacity of tourism suppliers to assist people with disabilities.
- Nepal faces significant challenges to becoming fully accessible and disability-friendly but has potential to grow its tourism industry by serving the large market of travelers with disabilities.
- Universal design principles that make places accessible to all could help Nepal's tourism if adopted, such as accessible hotels, transportation, and public facilities.
- Other experts like Ms. Paula Sotnik also see potential in Nepal's disability rights movement despite limited
Disability Rights in Nepal: NAPD MagazineScott Rains
The National Association of Physically Disabled People of Nepal held its 5th annual general meeting where various reports were presented and a new executive committee was elected. The meeting emphasized the need for full implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and ensuring the rights of persons with disabilities in the new constitution. A new 7-member executive committee under the leadership of Laxmi Prasad Shrestha was elected for the fiscal year 2071/72. The meeting concluded with the formal handover of responsibilities from the outgoing to the newly elected committee.
Travel South Africa in a Wheelchair - Forward Magzine, Feb 2010Scott Rains
The document summarizes the author's 11-day trip to South Africa's Elephant Coast region, arranged by Access 2 Africa Safaris. It describes accessible accommodations at Macaranga Lodge and Hilltop Camp, as well as activities like visiting Shake Marine World in Durban and going on game drives in Hluluwe Game Reserve. The trip allowed the author, who uses a wheelchair, to experience South African culture and see many wild animals in their natural habitats. The region is poised to become more popular as an accessible tourist destination with improvements to Durban's airport.
The Matera Manifesto on Cultural Inclusion (In Italian and English)Scott Rains
THE MATERA MANIFESTO
This document summarises the results of the discussions between
experts in Universal Accessibility meeting in the international event
entitled "ZERO BARRIERE - L'Accessibilità Conviene" (ZERO BARRIERS:
Accessibility for All), organised on 27 and 28 September 2014 in
Matera by Officina Rambaldi, with the active participation and
patronage of MiBACT (the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and
Activities and of Tourism, the Council of Europe and of many other
local, regional and international institutions.
The participants duly wish to:
- Reiterate the right proclaimed in Article 27.1 of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, which reads: “Everyone has the
right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to
enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its
benefits”;
- Underline the significance of the United Nations Convention on
the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the General
Assembly in 2006, with special reference to Art. 30;
Going to Wild Places I Could Only Dream About - SlideshowScott Rains
Nearly 1 in 5 Australians has a disability, and people with disabilities spend $8 billion per year on tourism in Australia, accounting for 11% of total tourism expenditure. Most people with disabilities (88%) take a holiday each year. The document discusses promoting accessibility equipment and tourism for people with disabilities through various organizations and websites, and provides information on evaluating park accessibility.
Destinations for All: How Far Have We Come?Scott Rains
This document summarizes the key points of the Destinations For All World Summit held in Montreal, Canada from 19-22 October 2014. The summit brought together experts from around the world to help develop universal accessibility and inclusion standards for tourism destinations. Speakers discussed improving the availability of accessible tourism information and the need to provide disability awareness training for tourism industry workers. Smaller destinations that have successfully embraced inclusive tourism practices were highlighted as examples. The summit aimed to establish international accessibility standards and norms to help destinations provide seamless, enjoyable travel experiences for all travelers, including the one billion people living with disabilities.
Montreal Declaration on Inclusive Tourism in DestinationsScott Rains
This document is a declaration from a World Summit on Destinations for All held in Montreal, Canada in 2014. It was signed by professionals, NGO representatives, universities, international agencies, and government institutions. The declaration recognizes the importance of inclusive tourism that is accessible to persons with disabilities, seniors, families and other visitors. It recommends 26 measures that tourism operators, local authorities, governments, and national authorities should take to promote accessible and inclusive tourism, such as applying universal design principles, providing accessibility training, adopting accessibility standards and guidelines, and making policy and funding commitments to develop accessible tourism.
Abstract of a paper to be presented at the Destinations for All World Summit 2014 in Montreal (D4All)
Conference site: http://www.destinationsforall2014.com/en/
D4All presentation by Scott Rains:
https://independent.academia.edu/ScottRains/Drafts
Our excursions in tahiti offer stunning lagoon tours, vibrant marine life encounters, and cultural experiences. We ensure unforgettable adventures amidst breathtaking landscapes and serene waters. For more information, mail us at tracey@uniquetahiti.com.
Discovering Egypt A Step-by-Step Guide to Planning Your Trip.pptImperial Egypt
Travelling to Egypt is like stepping into a time capsule where the past and present coexist, offering a unique blend of history, culture, and stunning landscapes.
See more: https://imperialegypt.com/tour-packages/
How To Change Your Name On American Airlines Aadvantage.pptxedqour001namechange
American Airlines permits passengers to change/correct names on their AAdvantage account. Also, you can request a name change both online via a web portal and offline over the phone. For further information on how to change your name on American Airlines Advantage, get in touch with the airline’s customer service. Also, you can reach out to a consolidation desk at +1-866-738-0741 for quick assistance.
You can easily change/correct a name on your flight ticket under the American Airlines name change policy. The airline provides multiple online and offline modes to place a name change request. To learn more about how to change a name on American Airlines ticket, you can directly approach the airline’s customer support. Moreover, you can connect with a flight expert at +1-866-738-0741 for quick assistance.
Un viaje a Buenos Aires y sus alrededoresJudy Hochberg
A travelogue of my recent trip to Argentina, most to Buenos Aires, but including excursion to Iguazú waterfalls, Tigre, and Colonia del Sacramento in Uruguay
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Best Places to Stay in New Brunswick, Canada.Mahogany Manor
New Brunswick, a picturesque province in eastern Canada, offers a plethora of unique and charming places to stay for every kind of traveler. From the historic allure of Fredericton and the vibrant culture of Saint John to the natural beauty of Fundy National Park and the serene coastal towns like St. Andrews by-the-Sea, there's something for everyone. Whether you prefer luxury resorts, cozy inns, rustic lodges, or budget-friendly options, the best places to stay in New Brunswick ensure a memorable stay, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the province's rich history, stunning landscapes, and warm hospitality.
https://www.mmanor.ca/blog/best-5-bed-and-breakfast-new-brunswick-canada
Assessing the Influence of Transportation on the Tourism Industry in Nigeriagsochially
This research dissertation investigates the complex interplay between transportation and the tourism industry in Nigeria, aiming to unravel critical insights that contribute to the enhancement of the overall tourist experience. The study employs a multi-faceted approach, literature review establishes a robust theoretical framework, incorporating The Service Quality and Satisfaction Theory to guide the research questions and hypotheses.
The methodology involves the distribution of a structured questionnaire, ensuring a representative sample and facilitating a comprehensive analysis of the gathered data.
Key findings include the nuanced perceptions of transportation infrastructure adequacy, safety and security concerns, financial influences on travel decisions, and the cultural and ecological impacts of transportation choices. These findings culminate in a comprehensive set of recommendations for policymakers and practitioners in the Nigerian tourism industry. The findings contribute to the existing literature by providing actionable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers in the Nigerian tourism sector.
The recommendations encompass gender-sensitive planning, infrastructure enhancements, safety measures, and strategic interventions to address financial constraints, ensuring a holistic and sustainable development of the tourism industry in Nigeria.
Author: Imafidon Osademwingie Martins
Wayanad-The-Touristry-Heaven to the tour.pptxcosmo-soil
Wayanad, nestled in Kerala's Western Ghats, is a lush paradise renowned for its scenic landscapes, rich biodiversity, and cultural heritage. From trekking Chembra Peak to exploring ancient Edakkal Caves, Wayanad offers thrilling adventures and serene experiences. Its vibrant economy, driven by agriculture and tourism, highlights a harmonious blend of nature, tradition, and modernity.
What Challenges Await Beginners in SnowshoeingSnowshoe Tahoe
Discover the exhilarating world of snowshoeing through our presentation, highlighting the challenges faced by beginners. From physical exertion to technical finesse and braving harsh winter conditions, each step in the snow brings new obstacles and unforgettable adventures. Embrace the challenge and conquer the winter wonderland with confidence!
1. Under
the
Radar
How Airline Outsourcing of Passenger Services
Compromises Security and Service Quality at LAX
Carolina Briones
Aiha Nguyen
Los Angeles Alliance for a New Economy
July 2007
2. “I was told to search the airplane cabin for suspicious
items, but I never had training on what kinds of things
I should look for.”
—Xiomara Osorio, LAX passenger service worker
“You have to be careful lifting people with disabilities or
else you’ll injure the passenger and yourself. A while back,
a passenger in a wheelchair was dropped and got hurt
pretty badly. The attendant felt terrible, but he had no
training on how to do this correctly.”
—Tim Maddox, LAX passenger service worker
“Our equipment is not well maintained, and it’s not safe
for the passengers or for us. Few of the wheelchairs
I use have brakes that work, so I have to hold onto the
wheelchair to keep it from moving.”
—Carolina Franco, LAX passenger service worker
Under the Radar
i
3. Executive Summary
Introduction government has made major investments in technology
and staffing to prevent terrorist attacks at airports.
Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) is one of the
city’s most prized public assets. As the fifth-largest However, these efforts to improve airport security and
passenger airport in the world, LAX is a major economic operations at LAX are undermined by the airlines’
engine for the Los Angeles region. Given the airport’s contracting system, which jeopardizes public safety and
importance to the regional economy, local officials undermines the quality of services provided to passengers.
have recently undertaken major initiatives to improve Our survey of nearly 300 passenger service workers at LAX
operations at LAX. Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA), has found that the airlines have allowed their contractors to
the city agency that operates LAX, will spend $11 billion put the security and the health of the public at risk, while
over the next decade upgrading and renovating the failing to provide adequate services for passengers with
airport’s terminal buildings and runways. disabilities. Meanwhile, LAWA has little oversight in this
area, even though these contractors provide vital security
The airport’s size and prominence also make it a prime and passenger services on airport property. Although the
terrorist target. Al-Qaeda plotted to bomb the airport in duties of airline contracted service workers are vital to the
1999, seeing it as a symbol of American commerce. Since health and safety of the traveling public, these workers are
September 11, 2001, airports have become one of the poorly compensated, receive little training, and have few
highest priorities for homeland security, and the federal incentives to stay in their jobs long term.
Under the Radar
Under the Radar
4. Findings
Airlines are compromising security at LAX by failing to About Passenger Service Workers
ensure that their contractors provide adequate training to This report focuses on passenger services that are
passenger service workers. provided by airline contractors in areas frequented by
the public. There are an estimated 2,500 passenger
• At
LAX, it is possible to board an airplane with only a service workers at LAX employed by companies that
contracted security worker checking the passenger’s contract with the airlines. Passenger service work
ID. However, less than 20 percent of surveyed is integral to airport operations and includes the
workers with security duties have received formal following important functions:
training on spotting fake IDs.
Security:.Searching airplanes for suspicious items,
• Less
than 25 percent of surveyed workers with guarding airplanes, staffing security checkpoints,
security duties have received formal training on handling screened baggage
conducting plane searches for dangerous items.
Customer Service:.Escorting elderly and passengers
Workers say they have as little as 15 minutes to
with disabilities, handling baggage
conduct these searches.
Public Health:.Cleaning airplane cabins, including
• Only
one in four surveyed workers with security food storage areas and restrooms
duties has received training in identifying suspicious
behavior. Other airports such as Boston’s Logan
International and Miami International have instituted with disabilities. Workers allege that Aero Port Services
training for all airport employees in “behavior is not providing the training and staffing required
pattern recognition,” which employs advanced under the Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA).
techniques for identifying suspicious behavior.
Airline cost-cutting is jeopardizing the health of the
• Only
10 percent of passenger service workers public and undermining service quality.
surveyed have received formal training in terminal • More than one-third of cabin cleaners surveyed said
evacuation and emergency procedures. they sometimes don’t have enough time or staff to
change all the pillowcases and blankets on the plane. As
Airlines at LAX are not providing adequate services
a result, passengers may be coming into close contact
to passengers with disabilities and the elderly due to
with used items that could spread germs and disease.
equipment problems, lack of training, and understaffing.
• n
I recent years, major airlines such as Northwest, • More
than half of all workers surveyed said they
America West, Southwest, and JetBlue have been often do not have adequate equipment or enough
found by the U.S. Department of Transportation staff to do their jobs well.
(DOT) to be violating federal regulations protecting
passengers with disabilities. In 2005, 13,000 disability- Multiple contractors operating in the same terminal for
related complaints were filed with DOT against the different airlines creates an inefficient system that is
airlines. inconsistent and lacks coordination.
• At
the Tom Bradley International Terminal, seven
• At LAX, 75 percent of wheelchair attendants surveyed different passenger service contractors operate
reported problems with broken or malfunctioning simultaneously.
wheelchairs and nearly a third said a passenger
has been in danger due to equipment problems or • Standards
are inconsistent across airlines and
lack of training. More than 60 percent of wheelchair terminals. Workers report that contractors provide
attendants surveyed have not received formal training more wheelchairs to airlines that complain the
in how to lift a passenger with a disability. loudest, rather than to those that have the most
passengers in need.
• Passenger service workers at LAX have filed a
complaint with the Department of Transportation • Fierce
competition between airlines means they have
alleging that a major contractor and its client airlines are little incentive to share resources to meet unexpected
in violation of federal regulations protecting passengers passenger demands. For example, airlines using
Under the Radar
Under the Radar
5. different contractors for wheelchair service in • Taxpayers bear the costs of poverty jobs when
the same terminal will not call on each other for workers rely on government assistance programs and
assistance if there is a sudden high demand. overburdened public health facilities.
Contracted security workers are still working in pre-9/11
conditions, with little training, poor compensation, and
few incentives to stay in their jobs long term.
Recommendations
In the absence of federal standards, and with the airlines
• Before
9/11, airport security screeners were focused on their bottom line, Los Angeles World Airports
contracted by the airlines. They became federal (LAWA) has an important role to play in increasing
employees in an effort to improve security by accountability.
increasing training, improving compensation, and
reducing employee turnover. • LAWA should follow the lead of other airports, such
as San Francisco International Airport and airports in
• Contracted passenger service workers have important
Europe, which have greater oversight regarding the
security functions, yet still face substandard conditions. provision of vital airport services.
• Turnover is high among passenger service workers
• LAWA should use a competitive bidding process to
surveyed. Twenty-five percent of passenger service workers select a group of pre-qualified airline contractors that
have been at their job for less than a year and more than 50 are allowed to operate at its airports.
percent have been there for three years or less.
• AWA should institute performance standards for
L
Passenger service jobs contribute to poverty in many passenger service contractors. Setting standards
low-income communities already affected by airport air for employee training, service quality, security
pollution and noise. procedures and job quality will address some of the
• he average earnings of surveyed workers are less than
T problems documented in this report.
$19,000 per year, which is not enough to meet the cost of
basic necessities for living in Los Angeles. On average, • AWA should enforce its performance standards by
L
workers surveyed have to pay more than $3,000 per imposing penalties on contractors that fail to meet them.
year for family health coverage, if it is available at all. There should be a process for workers and members of
the public to file complaints against contractors.
• ore than 60 percent of workers surveyed live
M
in high-poverty communities surrounding the • LAWA should limit the overall number of passenger
airport and in South Los Angeles. Many of these service contractors in order to improve efficiency and
communities bear the brunt of airport emissions and coordination. LAWA should also limit the number of
lie in its flight path. contractors that operate in each terminal.
Under the Radar
Under the Radar
6. Passenger service
workers perform
important security
functions and are the
airports’ ambassadors
to the public. Much of
a passenger’s airport
experience will be shaped
by the services provided
by checkpoint staffers,
baggage porters, and
wheelchair attendants.