This document summarizes a panel discussion on secondary containment regulations for the anaerobic digestion industry. The panel includes representatives from CQA International, the Environment Agency, Future Biogas, and CAPITA Projen. They discuss the purpose of secondary containment, how the industry has worked to develop guidance through a risk assessment tool, and what constitutes appropriate secondary containment. The Environment Agency representative emphasizes the need for early discussions with regulators and following good practice guides like CIRIA C736. The group discusses factors to consider in containment design and the ADBA containment tool, which provides a way to assess hazards, risks, and suitable containment classifications.
Energy Consulting SDVOSB Biofuel ExperienceLink Resources
Link Resources: providing Energy Consulting, Management, Operations and Maintenance services across Fossil, Nuclear, and Bio Energy power plants globally. No SDVOSB has our energy credentials or competencies!
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the health and social impacts of waste to energy processes.
Energy Consulting SDVOSB Biofuel ExperienceLink Resources
Link Resources: providing Energy Consulting, Management, Operations and Maintenance services across Fossil, Nuclear, and Bio Energy power plants globally. No SDVOSB has our energy credentials or competencies!
At the Asia Clean Energy Forum 2016 Ricardo Energy & Environment’s waste management and resource efficiency experts discussed a range of critical issues, including financial, institutional, policy, regulatory, engineering, environmental and social issues around the planning for and delivery of appropriate and effective waste to energy infrastructure in developing economies.
In this presentation Dr Mark Broomfield discusses the health and social impacts of waste to energy processes.
'Developing the Biobased Economy' presentation given at the 25th Anniversary ...NNFCC
This presentation on 'Developing the Biobased Economy' was given on the 16th September at the 25th Anniversary of the Biocomposites Centre at Bangor University. The talk discusses the UK IB Catalyst Funding programme, Interreg IVB sponsored Bio Base NWE project, Industrial Biotechnology Networks in the UK and the identification of bioeconomy policy interventions through the Climate KIC project BioHorizons.
Reframed Tech Series: Climate resilience & deep retrofitsPembina Institute
The Pembina Institute presents the Reframed Tech Series — webinars on evolving deep retrofit solutions.
Watch our third webinar to hear from leaders in climate-resilient retrofit solutions. Learn about projects underway and ask burning questions about the opportunities and challenges of implementing climate-adaptation solutions in building retrofits.
https://pembina.org/ReframedTechSeries
Dr Daniel Murray of Industrial Phycology presents his patented system to harness the power of algae to remove nutrients from waste water, avoiding use of chemicals and resulting in biomass that can be used for energy production.
You will learn about:
Our energy & climate challenges
Renewable energy credits
Carbon offsets
Corporate action
Renewable Choice services
Renewable Choice Energy is a leading provider of climate change solutions including green power, carbon offsets, and renewable energy advisory services. Recognized as a trusted partner to numerous major brands, Renewable Choice was the recipient of the prestigious Green Power Supplier of the Year award in 2012 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been featured in hundreds of media outlets. To learn more, visit www.renewablechoice.com.
'Developing the Biobased Economy' presentation given at the 25th Anniversary ...NNFCC
This presentation on 'Developing the Biobased Economy' was given on the 16th September at the 25th Anniversary of the Biocomposites Centre at Bangor University. The talk discusses the UK IB Catalyst Funding programme, Interreg IVB sponsored Bio Base NWE project, Industrial Biotechnology Networks in the UK and the identification of bioeconomy policy interventions through the Climate KIC project BioHorizons.
Reframed Tech Series: Climate resilience & deep retrofitsPembina Institute
The Pembina Institute presents the Reframed Tech Series — webinars on evolving deep retrofit solutions.
Watch our third webinar to hear from leaders in climate-resilient retrofit solutions. Learn about projects underway and ask burning questions about the opportunities and challenges of implementing climate-adaptation solutions in building retrofits.
https://pembina.org/ReframedTechSeries
Dr Daniel Murray of Industrial Phycology presents his patented system to harness the power of algae to remove nutrients from waste water, avoiding use of chemicals and resulting in biomass that can be used for energy production.
You will learn about:
Our energy & climate challenges
Renewable energy credits
Carbon offsets
Corporate action
Renewable Choice services
Renewable Choice Energy is a leading provider of climate change solutions including green power, carbon offsets, and renewable energy advisory services. Recognized as a trusted partner to numerous major brands, Renewable Choice was the recipient of the prestigious Green Power Supplier of the Year award in 2012 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and has been featured in hundreds of media outlets. To learn more, visit www.renewablechoice.com.
This material provides the basic of design, operation and maintenance so that you can use this as guide line to operation, to inspect your boiler. Hope this will be benefit you.
CCU & les nouvelles molécules de la transition énergétique | 2 février 2021Cluster TWEED
Webinaire organisé par le pôle Greenwin et le cluster TWEED, lié aux nouvelles technologies émergentes du secteur énergétique, aux derniers développements au niveau du captage, du stockage et de la valorisation du CO2 (CCUS), ainsi qu'au rôle des nouvelles molécules de la transition énergétique.
* Emerging Sustainable Technologies - Elodie Lecadre, Engie Research, Lead Scientific Advisor
* CCU & Molecules - Jan Mertens, Engie Research, Chief Science Officer (En)
* Rationals behind CCUS and Direct Air Capture - Grégoire Leonard, Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Liège
* CCU & heavy process industries - Jean-Yves Tilquin, Carmeuse, Group R&D Director & Vice-President CO2 Value Europe
Douglas Morrison, President and Chief Executive Officer, CEMI – the Centre for Excellence in Mining Innovation - Speaker at the marcus evans Global Mining Summit 2016 held in Las Vegas, NV
Jacobs-SustainabilityConsultingServices-2021_0.pdfJacob Li
We help clients operate more efficiently, achieve
cost savings, manage risks, improve quality of
life, and enhance their social, economic and
environmental position. Our engineering and
consulting professionals integrate sustainability
– from strategy and vision, to planning, design,
implementation and operations, and to
sustaining the project or program over time –
delivering whole of life benefits.
Jacobs’ work across the value chain in the
raw materials, manufacturing, and services
sectors provides valuable insights and a unique
systems view to help clients meet their goals by
uncovering opportunities for smarter and more
sustainable operations.
Webinar: CCS major project development lessons from the ZeroGen experienceGlobal CCS Institute
The ZeroGen Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) with CCS project, was a first-of-a-kind, commercial-scale CCS project proposal in Australia. Lessons learnt from this project include real-life project management experience integrating the key elements of a large-scale CCS project, from the technical to the commercial to stakeholder management.
This webinar was presented by Professor Andrew Garnett, Director, Centre for Coal Seam Gas, The University of Queensland. The Q&A session also included Martin Oettinger, Deputy Director, Low Emissions Technology for ACALET. Martin's career includes 6 years in a senior technical leadership role with ZeroGen.
Barry Jones, General Manager - Asia Pacific for the Global CCS Institute, provides an overview of carbon capture and storage technology including its rationale and a summary of current projects. The presentation also examines impediments to its deployment and recommendations for how to overcome them.
FM Magazine - August & September 2013 - Water Scarcity - Mitigating the riskPaul Angus
Paul Angus, hydraulic engineering team leader at WSP in Sydney, discuses how to create a water strategy to mitigate the risks of water scarcity and take advantage of water conservation opportunities.
The global demand for achieving the net zero emission target by 2050 has pushed governments all over to adapt and adopt advanced carbon removal technologies to go carbon negative.
It is, indeed, an important topic of discussion, because a carbon free environment is the need of the hour to save our planet. And, therefore, BIS Research is glad to announce its upcoming webinar on this particular subject.
Agenda:
The main agenda of this webinar is to understand and explore the following:
• Primary sources of carbon emissions and associated environmental issues
• Carbon dioxide removal – key technology and adoption scenario
• Carbon dioxide removal (CDR): trends and key market developments
• Carbon dioxide removal as a credible solution
• Conclusion and future outlook
Dan Staebell with Cargill examines the use of WMA, RAP and other technologies to lower asphalt's carbon footprint in a presentation delivered during the CalAPA Spring Asphalt Pavement Conference March 7-8, 2024 in Ontario, Calif.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...
UK AD Biogas 2016: Day One Purple Seminar - 6 July
1. UK AD & BIOGAS
TRADESHOW
6-7 JULY 2016
NEC BIRMINGHAM
2. SMALL SCALE AD
DEVELOPMENT
CHAIR: ANGELA BYWATER, NETWORK MANAGER, ADNET
JAMES MURCOTT, DIRECTOR, METHANOGEN UK
CLARE LUKEHURST OBE, TEAM LEADER, IEA BIOENERGY TASK 37
DAVID KANER, CHIEF EXECUTIVE, ADVANCED ANAEROBICS
ALICE BAYFIELD, PROJECT COORDINATOR, QUBE RENEWABLES
ANDY BULL, ASSOCIATE PROJECT MANAGER, SEVERN WYE ENERGY AGENCY
4. Introduction
• QUBE Renewables Ltd designs and builds small scale
local embedded biogas energy generating systems.
• Our vision is to provide Energy with out barriers -
Sustainable energy from Sanitation and Wastes
5. What is the Market?
Global - 4 main cross-cutting sectors
– Landowners – farms wanting to utilise wastes and provide
own heat, power and fuels, cut utility costs
– Waste Producers – processors or collectors want to cut
disposal costs and generate energy from wastes
– Military/Infrastructure – resilience building during
deployments in overseas operations, e.g. fuel in
Afghanistan was $20/ litre
– Humanitarian – response to natural disasters, or for
planned development and relief programmes
6. Our Fleet
Modular anaerobic digestion technology
providing compact biogas system
packaged in multiples of standard 20ft
or 40ft shipping containers
The rapidly deployed version of bioQUBE
designed to sanitise waste and create
biogas for energy recovery
Flexible, modular covers for lagoons or
open top tanks to collect gas and
intercept rainwater. Systems available in
Passive or Active modes
Generate electricity and hot water from
on site biogas production
12. Photo: Courtesy of Bourne Valley Associates
Larger modern 80kWe digester: slurry from 120 cows, chicken manure
from free range broilers & some added maize. Auto de-gritting.
36. Trans-national project involving European Biogas Association and partners from
countries that vary massively in terms of the deployment of AD technology
37. • AD plant suppliers
• Welsh Government, Economic Development, Energy, Animal Health, Agriculture
• Academics (Wales AD Centre of Excellence)
• Farming Unions and CLA
• Natural Resources Wales
• SWEA
38.
39. Main Conclusions
• AD has a lot to offer the dairy farmer in
particular – but most of the advantages are
not based upon energy generation
• AD on livestock farms has a lot to offer to GHG
emission reduction ambitions
• There are very many dairy farms in Wales with
herds of between 120 and 150 cows
• The current FiT and RHI incentives are pushing
projects in the “wrong” direction.
40. The Vision
• Economies of scale with standard solutions for
very similar slurry based systems
• Separation of “environmental” technology
from “energy generation” in order to allow
FiT/RHI eligibility
• Aggregated Power Purchase Agreement?
42. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION – ARE
SECONDARY CONTAINMENT
REGULATIONS APPROPRIATE FOR THE AD
INDUSTRY?
JESS ALLAN, ENVIRONMENT AND REGULATION MANAGER, ADBA
DARREN LEGGE, SENIOR ADVISOR (LANDFILL ENGINEERING),
THE ENVIRONMENT AGENCY
PETER STEVENS, MANAGING DIRECTOR, CQA INTERNATIONAL
DAN PURVIS, HEAD OF OPERATIONS, FUTURE BIOGAS
DAVE AUTY, BIOENERGY ENGINEERING MANAGER, CAPITA PROJEN
44. Overview
• Who’s on the panel?
• What is secondary containment?
• AD industry work on secondary containment
• Over to the panel
45. Who’s on the panel?
Peter Stevens, Managing Director, CQA International
Darren Legge, Senior Advisor, Environment Agency
Dan Purvis, Head of Operations, Future Biogas
Dave Auty, Bioenergy Engineering Manager, CAPITA Projen
46. What is secondary containment?
•Considered the most important means
of preventing major incidents involving
loss of inventory.
•For example, storage tanks, drums,
pipework.
Primary
Containment
•Minimises the consequences of a
failure of the primary storage by
preventing the uncontrolled spread of
the inventory.
•For example, concrete or earth bunds.
Secondary
Containment
•Minimises the consequences of a
failure in the primary and secondary
containment systems by providing an
additional level of protection.
•For example, diversion tanks, lagoons,
containment kerbing to roadways.
Tertiary
Containment
48. Industry work on secondary containment
Training, Safety and Environment Working Group
• Identified the need for specific guidance for the AD industry.
• Wished to ensure that secondary containment arrangements at AD plants are compliant, fit
for purpose and proportionate to the level of risk, and help ensure consistent approach by
regulators.
• Produced a risk assessment tool and accompanying guide based upon the principles in
CIRIA 736.
• Visit ADBA’s website to find out more: http://adbioresources.org/.
49. What is “appropriate” secondary containment?
CQA International Ltd
UK AD & Biogas 2016
6 - 7 July, NEC in Birmingham
Session and timing
Wednesday 6 July, 12.00 - 12.55
Environmental protection - How to ensure appropriate secondary containment
Presentation time: 10 Minutes (followed by Q&A with fellow panellists)
50. The purposeof containment
Primary
Containment
Prevents loss of material
Secondary
containment
For when things go wrong
Purpose Further reduce the risk of
pollution
Objective Avoid penalties, shutdowns
and adverse publicity
51. Secondary containment is an implicit requirement
2012/10 Rules 2012/12 Rules
Feedstock Securely stored
Spills contained
and recovered
Impermeable (10-9m/s) surface
Sealed drainage system
Process Fit for purpose
Spills contained
and recovered
Impermeable surface within a
bunded area
Underground tanks shall have
secondary containment
Digestate Fit for purpose Fit for purpose
52. What isFitfor Purpose?
Concept Well equipped or well suited for its
designated role or purpose
Design “Purpose” defined in advance
Risk-based
Technical and economic aspects
Bespoke solutions for each site
Good
practice
CIRIA C736
LFE guidelines, DOT specifications
53. Achieving compliance in containment
New
projects
Containment strategies can be
included in the design
Existing
sites
May not have secondary containment
Retrofitting can be difficult
Design Combine procedures, natural barriers,
topography and engineering
Validation Independent certification to confirm
compliance
54. Secondary Containment for the
AD Sector – A Regulators
Perspective
Darren Legge
Senior Advisor – Landfill and Waste Recovery Team
July 2016
55. Once you have been provided with a permit you
need to refer to our guidance
We are currently reviewing our existing guidance
in line with the DEFRA’s Smarter Environmental
Regulation Review
Once complete this will be accessed via gov.uk
This will provide further guidance on secondary
containment and will likely require the same
generic requirements
56. All above ground tanks containing liquids whose
spillage could be harmful to the environment must
be bunded.
Impermeable/resistant to stored liquids
No outlets
No penetration of contained surfaces
Have a capacity greater than 110% of the
largest tank or 25% of the total tankage whichever
is the larger
Regular inspections
57. What about the specifics;
We are not allowed to include specific design or
construction criteria within the permit
Needs to be fit for purpose and will be strongly
dependant on the sensitivity of the proposed
location
We do not insist on CIRIA C736 but as it
reflects current good practice, we would
encourage its use
‘Other appropriate measures’
58. CIRIA C736 ‘Design of containment systems for
the prevention of pollution : secondary, tertiary
and other measures for industrial and commercial
premises’ (2014)
Is risk based and reflects current good practice for
all liquids stored on a permitted site – including
AD, landfill and oil and gas sectors
Has driven the need for an AD specific Industry
Code of Practice
59. CIRIA C736 applies the source-pathway-receptor
principle;
Leads to a site risk rating which results in a
recommendation for the class of containment
For both class 2 and 3 containment an
impermeable membrane liner is required in
conjunction with suitable ground conditions
Refers to current EA guidance LFE5 ‘Using
geomembranes in landfill engineering – which
should be used
60. Things to consider;
Suitability of location
Wider impacts of tank failure
Appropriate design
Compatibility of liner
Puncture during and post construction
Protection – physical and UV
Gas collection
Construction Quality Assurance
61. Key Messages;
Early discussions with the EA recommended to
determine suitability of location and design
EA will continue to rely on CIRIA C736 until ICOP
is produced
ICOP relies/refers heavily towards CIRIA
65. Whydoes theindustryneed a containmenttool?
• Because it’s complicated
• Clear-cut for waste
• Desirable for organics
• Containment failures have occurred
• Value engineering and poor design
• Operator errors
• AD Industry responsibility is important
• To keep the ear of government
• To attract investment
67. Introductiontothetool –what do you needtodo?
There are 5 steps to follow:
Identify the hazard posed to the environment
Calculate the Site Hazard Rating
Assess the likelihood of a loss of primary containment
Calculate the Site Risk Rating
Identify suitable secondary containment designs
69. Step 1–IdentifytheHazard
Three parts to this bit:
The source
The feedstock
The Process
Chemicals on site
Fire fighting
The Pathway
Runoff times
Topography, geology and hydrology
Local climate
Local flood risk
The Receptors
Watercourses and bodies
Habitation
SSSI/SPA/SAC etc
• Look at your site inventory and
assess the risk it poses
• Use your judgement to assign
High, Medium or Low hazard
ratings
• The tool provides guidance and
acts as a reference document
• The tool calculates the hazard
rating for each part
• The Source will almost always
result in a High hazard rating
• The Pathway should be mitigated
to Low hazard by the secondary
containment
• The Receptors will be site specific
70. Step 2–CalculatetheSite Hazard Rating
The tool automatically combines the three hazard ratings to provide the
Site Hazard Rating
71. Step 3–Assess thelikelihoodof a loss of primary containment
There are three steps to follow:
1. Unmitigated likelihood
The tool provides a list of risks and others can be added from HAZOPs, etc
Using the guidance provided, the user decides how often the risk will occur
E.g. a human error leading to a spill is highly likely, a lightning strike is less likely
2. Mitigated likelihood
Mitigation measures can be applied
E.g. concrete bollards to prevent a vehicle impact
3. Select the overall likelihood
Based on the premise that the highest likelihood gives the site’s overall
likelihood
72. Step 4–CalculatetheSite RiskRating
The tool automatically combines the Site Hazard Rating and the Likelihood
to provide the Site Risk Rating
The tool then converts this into the corresponding class of secondary
containment that is required
74. • There is a need to improve this aspect of the AD industry
• Not doing so could be very expensive
• The ADBA Containment Tool can help by:
• Providing guidance in conjunction with the ADBA Containment Guide
• Improving developer/operator knowledge by assessing hazards and risks
• Defining the class of containment required
• Assisting with regulator approval
• As an industry, we can work together
Summary
75. It’s good to talk…
Contact:-
Dave Auty – Bioenergy Engineering Manager
E-Mail: dave.auty@capita.co.uk
Direct Line: 01928 752 596
Mobile: 07961 560 104
77. DIGESTATE – DEVELOPMENTS IN END OF
WASTE AND THE BENEFITS OF BIOFERTILISER
FOR AGRICULTURE
CHAIR: NINA SWEET OBE, SPECIAL ADVISOR – ORGANICS, WRAP
THOMAS MINTER, DIRECTOR , MALABY BIOGAS
FIONA DONALDSON, NATIONAL OPERATIONS WASTE UNIT, SEPA
TIM EVANS, MANAGING DIRECTOR, BTS BIOGAS
SIMON BLACK, PRODUCT MANAGER, ANGLIAN WATER
78. Biosolids Recycling in the UK
Simon Black
Head of Recycling & Environmental Services
Anglian Water Services
79. Sewage Sludge Production and Outlets
UK untreated sewage sludge output
53 million tonnes/annum from
8,500 water recycling centres
Increasing amounts are treated and
recycled to agricultural land as biosolids
Considered the Best Practicable
Environmental Option - BPEO
80. Sewage Sludge Treatment
Various treatment technologies used to
produce biosolids
73% treated by AD with advanced AD
treatments gradually replacing lime
treatment and conventional AD
Energy production of c.850 GWh
enough power for 200,000 homes
Potential for much more (> 2,000 GWh)
but may be dependent on incentives
81. Recycling to Agricultural Land
AD biosolids product is mainly cake at
20 – 25% dry solids
It can be safely & securely stored in field
heaps before spreading & incorporation
3.6 million tonnes per annum biosolids (AD,
lime treated and granules) are recycled to
agricultural land
Applied to 146,000 hectares/annum
Equal to 1.3% of agricultural land
82. Recycling to Agricultural Land
Aligns with UK the Government recycling
strategy and the EC Circular Economy
Nutrient value to UK agriculture
£25m/annum - mainly Phosphate (4.5%)
and Nitrogen (4.0%) plus Sulphur, Potash
and Magnesium
Strong demand from farmers – it is worth
£170/hectare in nutrients alone
Anglian Water sell it as for
>£2.5m/annum - reduces customer water bills
Biosolids is a product with considerable value!
Waste prevention
Re-use
Recycle/compost
Energy recovery
Disposal
Recycling
to land
Incineration with
energy recovery
Landfill
Sludge management options
Waste Hierarchy
83. Benefits to Soil and the Environment
Improved soil structure
Increased water retention capability
Increased life in soil (from microbes to
earthworms)
Increased carbon sequestration
Less soil work and energy required
Increased crop yields
Reduced risk of yield loss
Maintain soil structure and nutrient composition
Reduced risk of diffuse pollution
Natural provision of nutrients
Greenhouse gas reduction
85. Biosolids Assurance Scheme - BAS
Water Industry initiative to provide reassurance to the food chain and consumers
Brings together regulations and best practice into a single transparent Standard
Sets a minimum Standard – protects the environment & creates a level playing field
in advance of potential sludge market deregulation
Stakeholder input and support are essential to maintain validity and credibility
Third party audit by NSF Certification
Aspiration for UKAS Accreditation
86. Biosolids Assurance Scheme
Objectives and Benefits
Biosolids
Assurance
Scheme
Provides information
and promotes public
acceptance
Provides assurance
to food chain
stakeholders
Achieves operational
consistency and
transparency
Combines legislative
and non-legislative
requirements, and
best practice
Ensures delivery of
nutrient benefits to
agriculture
Protection of the
environment -
sustainability
P
87. Biosolids Recycling is Safe and Sustainable
UK Water Industry Research continuously investigates emerging issues
Risk Assessment on source materials, processes and products underpins the Standard
HACCP principals used to control treatment processes
Routine product testing for microbiological
parameters, elements and nutrients
Testing of soils for elements and nutrients
Safe Sludge Matrix (since 2001) defines
treatment standards and minimum
periods between application and
harvest/grazing
88. BAS Certified Biosolids should be
recognised as a product - not a waste
Simon Black
Head of Recycling & Environmental Services
Anglian Water Services
90. Food Waste Management
Consultation
18 May to 29 June 2016
Available on the SEPA website
Applies across the whole food waste chain
Supports the duty to segregate food waste
and compliance with the duty of care
Proposed reduced limits on amounts of
physical contamination in compost/digestate
output
91. Proposed Obligations (1)
Obligations on
Food waste producers:
Present only uncontaminated food
waste
Primary packaging only by agreement
Collectors:
Refuse to uplift contaminated food
waste
92. Proposed Obligations (2)
Obligations on
Food waste treatment sites
Establish pre-acceptance and
acceptance criteria
Refuse to accept non-confirming waste
Users of compost/digestate
Check the quality of material
Apply using appropriate equipment
93. Revised ‘End of Waste’ Criteria
Compost standard- PAS100
Proposed SEPA standard = 50% by 2018
Digestate standard- PAS110
Proposed SEPA standard = 8% by 2019
Launch new guidance October/November
2016?
95. www.malabybiogas.com
BORE HILL FARM BIODIGESTER
• 28,000 tpa food waste
• Excellent road connections
• Operational June 2012
• High Profile: Visitor Centre,
Flexible Design, WRAP support, Centre
of Excellence
• PAS110 June 2016
• Innovation: In House Odour Control System, Modular Decontamination System,
Biochemical Enhancement, Gas Mixing, Integrated Development
98. www.malabybiogas.com
MAKING THE LINK TO AGRICULTURE
Digestate Supply Agreement
Supply Chain
Transportation (£1.5-£3/t)
Storage (£1-2/t)
Spreading (£2-3/t)
Knowledge & Experience
Reliability
Contingency
Nutrient Planning
Sampling & Analysis
Data Sharing
Farmer/Agronomist
Spreading set up
99. www.malabybiogas.com
PRODUCTIVITY & ENVIRONMENTAL
BENEFIT
Demonstrate Benefit
Trials
Promoting Value
Nutrient
Soil Health
Environmental
Financial
Small Field Trial
24 days after
application
Small Field Trial
Full & Half Rate
Application after 1st
cut silage
Large Field Trial
38 days after
application
Large Field Trial
after 1st cut silage
Field Application
after harvest
100. www.malabybiogas.com
4 year operational record
High standards
Visible & accessible site
Innovating for profit
Design for change
CONCLUSION
Control of build quality
Aim to be Best in Class
Collaboration
Linking academia & commercial ops.
A state-of-the-art proving ground
103. DIGESTATE – TURNING AN
OPERATING COST INTO A PROFIT
DR DAVID TOMPKINS, BIORESOURCES DEVELOPMENT MANAGER,
AQUA ENVIRO
GARY JONES, TECHNICAL DIRECTOR, LANGAGE FARM
108. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
http://www.wrap.org.uk/content/compost-calculator
Value of readily available
nutrients in food-based
digestate (fresh weight)
Nitrogen
(N)
Phosphate
(P2O5)
Potash
(K2O)
Total
Market price of fertilisers (£/kg) 0.74 0.59 0.44
Readily available nutrient content
(kg/tonne digestate)
4.00 0.25 1.60
Financial value of readily available
nutrients (£/tonne digestate)
2.94 0.15 0.71 3.80
125. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
Eight scenarios (including baseline)
Digestate direct to
land
Digestate
de-watered
(centrifugation)
Residual liquor to
ammonia stripping
and struvite
precipitation
Residual liquor to
biological NH3
oxidation
Digestate fibre to
land
Residual liquor to
sewer
Digestate liquor to
sewer
Digestate liquor to
land
Digestate liquor to
ammonia stripping
and struvite
precipitation
126. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
Most cost-effective scenario
• Centrifuge separation
• Fibre to agricultural land
• Liquor to biological ammonia
oxidation and then disposal to
water course
Assumed
• 25ktpa food waste @ 26%TS
• Diluted to 10%TS with water
http://www.zeolite-anammox.com/#!what-is-zeolite-anammox/cst1
127. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
But…
• Different dilution gave entirely different
outcome
• De-watering cost ~£2.50 per tonne of
digestate (OPEX only)
• Polymer represented ~50% of this
• Food-based digestates notoriously
tricky to de-water
• Impacts of return liquors and VFAs?
• Impacts of operating temperature?
129. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
Questions for discussion
• Are digestate costs really make or
break?
• If we can’t get the basics right, what
hope for more advanced options?
• Beyond nutrient recovery, is it worth it?
• None of these points seems to have
changed in the past five years!
130. www.aquaenviro.co.uk
What would you want?
• Safety?
• Quality?
• Predictability?
• Value?
• Do you know who your customer is?
• What about any constraints they
work within?
• Do you know what you’re competing
against?
What does the customer want?
133. Langage Biogas
Presentation ADBA, Turning operation costs into profit
Date: 6th July 2016
Presentation by: Gary Jones: Technical Director
Close
the loop
134. • Operation is in Plymouth, Devon
• Land is mostly grass for dairy and beef
• Run a 499kw CHP
• Opened in March 2011 PAS110 same year
• Spreading 10,000M³
• 100% food waste.
A Brief History
Close
the loop
135. Issues
• Milk yields falling - £95k lost revenue
• Poor grass production - £8k increase in
bought feedstock
• Poor soil structure - compaction in the soil
• Grass roots unable to cope with drought.
• Made a move to AD to remedy the problem,
but had too digestate for the land available to
us.
Close
the loop
136. Digestate
How to get your product to market.
• Advertise.
• You only get one shot. Product has to be good.
• Invest in efficient clean up systems
• Know your market, and know your product.
• Be able to adjust your marketing to the market in
front of you.
Close
the loop
137. Fertiliser - what to advertise?
• Ammonium Nitrate - Produced by Haber-Bosch process, uses large
amounts of fuel in its manufacture, so directly linked to oil price.
• Phosphate - A finite mineral resource, currently mined e.g Morocco.
Recycling P is key to food production security.
• Potash – Mined from salt deposits or found in plant embers,
transported globally
• Sulphur - Major nutrient now lacking due to no acid rain. Very
important to arable crops. Was mined now oil based production.
• Magnesium - Crushed Dolomitic limestone or Epsom salts.
Deficiency in grassland cause of staggers in cows.
Close
the loop
138. Trace elements important to plant
growth
• Copper - Livestock health e.g. swayback in lambs
• Manganese – deficiency common in arable crops
• Zinc - Grain ear development, livestock enzyme functions
• Bicarbonate - Alkali, reduces acidification by nitrates so
decreases field liming requirement.
• Sodium - Improves silage palatability and can reduce risk of
grass staggers.
• Boron – Deficiency causes rot in brassicas and root crops
• Cobalt – For livestock Vitamin B12 production
• Molybdenum – key element for rhizobia, the N fixing bacteria in
legumes
Close
the loop
139. Markets driven by nutrient Value £.
• Ammonium Nitrate £220/t at 34.5 % = 64p per kg
• Phosphate (TSP) £300/t at 46%= 65p per kg
• Potash (MoP) £265 at 60% = 44p per kg
• Sulphur = 36p per kg (Kieserite)
• Magnesium = 36p per kg (Kieserite)
• Trace elements ?
• Langage AD digestate is worth £4.92 /t in NPK alone
• Total nutrient £5.29
• Last year £7.20.
140. Markets and market
restrictions.
Agricultural market is the only option open at the moment ?
Domestic market forming pellets and nutrient rich pots, rich in P,K S and
trace elements. Quality guarantee is PAS110 good enough.
Organic market perfectly suited for this material - Provides valuable
nutrient source, increases yields and will reduce market place costs of
organic products
Easiest outlet is to grassland. NVZ and soil indices' give limitations.
Crops such as maize need to spread after germination as N is an
inhibiting factor in plant germination and early development. Better done
for winter crop.
Close
the loop
141. Bottom, line anecdotal
evidence is best
Sometimes all the facts and figures generated aren't enough for farmers
to take on the change. We had a £145k bill the first year of operation,
next year £80k then £35 and 2015 profit £8k 2016 5k to date.
Our farmer outlets are asking for it to a point where demand has
outstripped supply.
We have farms who have been farming with traditional methods and
using prill for years have had to build additional clamps to hold their
increase in yield. So yes it works.
Close
the loop
144. ODOUR MANAGEMENT AND
CONTROL
CHAIR: PAUL KILLOUGHERY, DIRECTOR, BIO COLLECTORS
MARTIN CHRISTMAS, GENERAL MANAGER, SALVTECH
ANDREW LYON, ENVIRONMENT AND BUSINESS ADVISOR,
ENVIRONMENT AGENCY
146. The Odour Mechanism
Basic information you need to understand the problem
• Odour source(s)
• Receptor(s)
• Strength of Smell
• measured in Odour units per cubic metre
• Type of smell
• measured using the Hedonic Tone scale
• Distance
• i.e. how much will the smell disperse
• Sensitivity
• how sensitive is the receptor?
• The normal assumption is “extremely”
147. Extracted
air Abatement
determines odour
reduction rate
Air drawn
into buildings
by extraction
system
Odour concentration in OUE/m3
in building
Odour emission rate determines
OUE/s/m2 into system
Waste surface area = emitting area in m2
Uncontrolled
emission to air
(fugitive
emissions)
Odour
concentration
at stack
Controlled
emission
The Odour Mechanism
148. Model complications
• Strength of Smell changes
• With agitation
• With maturation
• By mixing and treating
• Type of smell changes
• with maturation (compounds
alter e.g. limonene)
• With concentration
(perception of the smell e.g.
strong perfume)
the stages in between the upper and lower hedonic odour tone scale values.
Table 2. Hedonic Scales (VDI3882 and H4)
Score VDI3882 Definition Hedonic Odour Tone DEFRA Definition Perceived Hedonic
Tone
+4 Extremely pleasant Very pleasant
+3 Pleasant
+2 Moderately pleasant
+1 Mildly pleasant
0 Neither pleasant nor unpleasant Neutral odour / no odour
-1 Mildly unpleasant
-2 Moderately unpleasant
-3 Unpleasant
-4 Extremely unpleasant Very unpleasant
149. Making a model
m2
Area
Area A 906
Area B1 453
Area B2 469
Area C1 337
Area C2 531
Area D 829
Area E1 373
Area E2 628
150. Examples of data collection
Stockpile
reference (refer
to Figure 3)
Type Derived
Surface Area
(m2)
Measured
Odour
concentration
ouEm-3
Derived Emission
rate
ouEs-1m-2
Derived Odour
emissions
ouEs-1
ST1 Recovered over size mixed waste 74 861 8.4 626
ST2 Segregated 40 mm fines 72 1880 18.4 1325
ST3 Recovered over size mixed waste 37 861 8.4 314
ST4 Segregated glass 134 1880 18.4 2473
ST5 Segregated 10 mm fines 134 1020 10 1335
ST6 Segregated 10 mm fines 42 1020 10 417
ST7 Segregated 15 mm fines 42 10205 10 417
ST8 Recovered over size mixed waste 42 861 8.4 352
SRF Secondary Recovered Fuel 669 645 6.3 4218
F1 Organic Growth Medium (reject) 92 1330 13 1192
F2 Mixed waste feed stock 158 2900 28.4 4476
Metal Skip Segregated Aluminium 16 861 6.3 104
MS1 Segregated metal 6 645 6.3 38
MS2 Segregated metal 6 6457 6.3 38
MS3 Segregated metal 6 6457 6.3 38
151. Examples of model outputs
Compare results to H4
guidance using odour
concentration and hedonic
tone at the receptors
Design odour systems to
reduce impact at the nearest
receptors 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
13:00
14:00
15:00
16:00
17:00
18:00
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
00:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
04:00
05:00
06:00
Simulated typical current day values
(worst case number used)
Air change 1
(door wind
speed 0.8m/s)
- ouE/Nm3
Air change 2
door wind
speed 0.5m/s)
- ouE/Nm3
Air change 3
door wind
speed 0.3 m/s-
ouE/Nm3
152. Thank-You for your attention
Contact:
Martin Christmas
General Manager | Salvtech Ltd | 07789 583602
Salvtech Ltd
Unit 12 - Engineer Park
Babbage Road
Sandycroft
Flintshire
North Wales
CH5 2QD
Tel: 01244 638900
155. Odour surrounds us, it is part of daily life
Pleasant / unpleasant
Can be offensive, may cause annoyance
Often seen as an indication of something more
dangerous
Many reasons why we perceive odours differently
Personal experience and circumstances
Adaptation
Understanding why odour is subjective is essential
to help you deal with odour issues
Odour causes an emotional response
156. Is odour a problem?
The Agency’s National Incidents Recording
System (NIRS) records all reports received
A primary classification code for amenity issues
was added in October 2013
Data from 31 October 2013 – 31 October 2015:
33,621 reports of odour pollution
10,183 reports of noise pollution
3,504 reports of dust pollution
2,182 reports of flies
159. Understanding risks
Always consider the risk of odour pollution:
Site location – proximity to receptors
Waste types received – odour potential of old and/or
putrescible wastes
Odorous materials produced during the process
Is the site using established practices or novel
techniques?
risks
mitigation
160. Main sources of odour emissions
Reception building
Buffer storage
Digestate separation building
Digestate storage (tanks or lagoons)
Biofilters
Digester(s)
Gas storage
161. Systematic approach to odour control
1. Eliminate / reduce at source
2. Containment / housekeeping (good practice)
3. Extraction and abatement (end-of-pipe)
162. Management is key
Understanding feedstocks
Minimising double handling
Minimising quantities
Minimising storage times
Housekeeping – deep cleans
Staff training / competence
Process monitoring
Recording and using this information
163. Containment of odour emissions
Must be appropriately designed
Local extraction; building extraction; building integrity
Volume of odorous emissions – air changes per hour?
Experience shows building containment doesn’t work
Extraction maintained when doors are open?
164. Abatement techniques
There’s no single solution for all scenarios
If it sounds too good to be true it probably is
Must be matched to air stream
How can you treat the air if you don’t know what’s in it?
Does it work under the full range of operating
conditions?
Is it monitored and maintained
i.e. how do you know it’s working?
If the process changes will it still be fit for
purpose?