Department of Physiotherapy, SHUATS, Prayagraj

1. TYPHOID FEVER
SUBMITTED TO -
MRS. SURABHI SRIVASTAVA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF
PHYSIOTHERAPY
SHUATS
SUBMITTED BY -
ILMA RAHMAN
ID NO – 21BPHY010
BPT – 3rd YEAR
(COMMUNITY MEDICINE)

3. CONTENT
 Introduction
 Epidemiology
 Mode of Transmission
 Transmission
 Sign and Symptoms
 Diagnosis
 Treatment
 Prevention
 Vaccine

4.  Typhoid fever is also known as Enteric fever.
 Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a
high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. It can be
fatal.
 It is caused by the bacterial Salmonella Typhi or
Salmonella Paratyphi
 Salmonella typhi is a gram- negative, rod-shaped,
flagellated bacterium whose only reservoir is the
human body.

5. Epidemiology
An estimated 11–21 million cases of typhoid
fever and 5 million cases of paratyphoid
fever occur worldwide each year, causing
an estimated 135,000–230,000 deaths.

6. Mode of Transmission
Ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Contact with an acute case of typhoid Fever.
Water in contaminated where inadequate
sewerage systems and sanitation.
Contact with a chronic asymptomatic
carrier.
Eating food or drinking beverages that
handled by a person carrying the bacteria.

7. Transmission
Typhoid germ are passed in the feces,
to some extent, urine of infected people
 Germs are spread by eating, drinking
water or food contaminated by feces
from an infected individual
The bacteria enters in the body and
goes into intestine then into blood
stream, where it can travel to lymph
nodes, gall bladder, liver, spleen and
others parts of body.

8. Incubation period 10-15 Days

9. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Headache
 Fever(39-40 degree Celsius)
 Loss of appetite
 Stomach (abdominal) pain
 Reddish spots on abdomen
due to bleeding under
abdominal skin
 Muscle aches
 Nausea, vomiting
 Diarrhea or constipation
 Weakness
 Cough

10. Diagnosis
Laboratory tests -
o Blood culture
o Stool culture
o Urine test
o Dipstick test
o Widal Test-Late reports (after 10
days)
 Widal test may also show
positive in other diseases.

11. Treatment
Antibiotic e.g.(Ciprofloxacin) are
used to combat infection.
Antipyretic drug are given to
normalize temperature.
In Some cases Ceftriaxone Injection
may be given.
Do not leave your Treatment in
middle.
Typhoid fever recurs if you Do
Not Complete ANTIBIOTIC DOSAGE.

12. Not getting typhoid treatment on time may
lead to :
Bloody Diarrhea
Perforation of intestines
Risk factor for Typhoid.
Living in areas where typhoid fever is
common.

13. Prevention
Wash your hands
Avoid drinking untreated water
Avoid raw fruits and vegetables
Drink boiling water
 Get vaccinated – Live Oral
Vaccine , VI Vaccine.