The document discusses the three types of claims that can be made in written texts: claims of fact, claims of value, and claims of policy. A claim of fact asserts something that is empirically true. A claim of value expresses a judgment or opinion. A claim of policy argues that an action should be taken. The document provides examples of each type of claim and teaches how to identify the type of claim being made. It emphasizes that understanding different types of claims is important for critically reading texts.

1. z
• CLAIM OF FACT
• CLAIM OF VALUE
• CLAIM OF
POLICY
TYPES OF CLAIMS IN A
WRITTEN TEXT

2. z
Objectives
At the end of the lesson the
learners can:
•Identify the types of claim
•Differentiate the types of claims
•Make an argument or claim

3. z
PRE ACTIVITY:
Identify what type of claim each statement is
making. (FACT, VALUE, POLICY)
1. Excessive consumption of alcohol can
lead to many illnesses.
2. Honesty is the best policy.
3. Television news casting influences the
way Americans think about social and
political issues.

4. z
4. The Bates GRE Study Guide is an
excellent tutorial for students
preparing to take the GRE
5. To attract more nontraditional
students, this college must review
and revise its Course offerings.

5. z Answer the following questions carefully.Read the
passage and answer the question.
Maria was getting ready to walk to church. She put on
her sandals and grabbed her sling bag. As she was
leaving, her mother said, “Good luck. Be careful.”
Which of the following is explicitly stated in the
paragraph?
a. Maria is going to have her first communion
b. Maria is going to see her friend
c. Maria put on her sandals and grabbed her sling
bag.
d. Maria is always punctual in church services

6. z
 Read the passage and answer the question. Maria
was getting ready to walk to church. She put on
her sandals and grabbed her sling bag. As she
was leaving, her mother said, “Good luck. Be
careful.” Which of the following is implicitly
stated in the paragraph?
a. Maria is going to have her first communion
b. Maria is going to see her friend
c. Maria put on her sandals and grabbed her sling
bag.
d. Maria is a churchgoer.

7. z
 What is the meaning of the term
“implicit”?
a. Obvious and apparent
b. May be incorrect
c. True in some cases
d. Not expressed clearly

8. z
Identify explicit information. Maryjane ran down the
stairs in her school building. She waited for a
tricycle around the corner, and after a few
minutes, she held up herArm to stop the
approaching tricycle. When she hopped in, she
said, “Please take me toDoctor’s hospital.”
a. Maryjane’s car was broken
b. Maryjane has not enough money to pay for a
taxi.
c. Maryjane was visiting her sick mother.
d. Maryjane waited for a tricycle around the corner

9. z
 What is the meaning of the word
“claim”?
a. To acquire
b. To assert something
c. To reject
d. To possess

10. z
In connection with the activity number
2, answer the following questions.
 In your own understanding, what
is the definition of an implicit
claim? Explicit claim?
 What are the differences of
implicit and explicit claims in a
written text?

11. z
EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT
CLAIMS
 CRITICAL READING- necessary for
judging the text’s reliability through the
study of implicit and explicit information.

12. z
 EXPLICIT INFORMATION- any idea
that is stated in the text. The text has
clear and obvious meaning no need to
explain.
 IMPLICIT INFORMATION-the text is
being suggested through the text’s
details, which serves as clue to get the
right meaning of the text.

13. z
What is a Claim?
 A claim is an arguable statement – an idea
that a speaker or writer expects an
audience to accept. A claim is an opinion,
idea, or assertion. Here are some
examples: “I think we should Protest the
Anti-Terror Bill.” “I believe that the present
administration has no concrete plans to
fight COVID-19”. “We need
Modernization.”

14. z
 The word claim comes from the Latin word
clamare, which means “to cry out, shout.
Hence, with the definition of a claim, this
can then be argued, verified, or disproved.
A claim deals with the searching for
agreement from the audience to agree with
the statement or discourse. It also
involves anticipation from the audience’s
agreement and anxiousness that they
might disagree with.

15. z
Three (3) types of claim in a
Written Text
The claim of fact. A claim asserts some
empirical truth. It is an assertion of:
• A condition that has existed exists or will exist.
• The truth of an assertion to be ascertained by an
event. The speaker will give information and offer
an explanation that characterized the events.
• An argument with strong evidence presented as a
reason for the arguer's belief in the claim.

16. z
 Examples:
 1. Action research is conducted to
respond to the needs of the students.
 2 Illegal mining has already become an
issue in the Philippines.
 3. School is the most important part of
education.

17. z  . A claim of value. A claim asserts judgment. It
is an assertion of:
 • Look for keywords that are a matter of judgment
rather than fact, such as: good, well, kind, useful,
desirable, etc.
 • Authors offer reasons for their judgment, with the
ultimate goal of getting the reader's agreement with
the reasons rather than comparing to the fact that
establishes assent to the claim.
 • A claim is based on things we like or dislike. Hence,
it deals with the goal of what value us most.

18. z
 • The authors' argument is based on
judgment or value and does not necessarily
carry out
 facts. Disagreements overvalue importance
for us to determine how one presented his or
her point over certain belief.
 • An argument usually gets the other person's
approval because the claim's underlying
value proves to be acceptable as a public
good.

19. z
 Examples:
 1. Living in a city is more productive than
living in the countryside.
 2. Saying "OPO" is the highest form of
respect.
 3. Staying with a family with limited resources
is more valuable than working abroad.

20. z
 . A claim of Policy. A claim asserts that an
action should be taken.
 • Be careful to call that some actions be taken.
 • Take note of the keywords "should," "ought," or
"must. These words may not be present all the time,
but the author's purpose is usually to call for an action
to be taken if they are.
 • The most difficult thing in an argument is to decide
whether we should take action or not in any of the
claims.
 • An argument usually turns on whether the reasons
for taking action compensates for the possible costs
of taking action.

21. z
 Examples:
 1. Deforestation should be eradicated in the
Philippines.
 2. The government should pursue scholarship
programs, especially to those identified
marginalized sectors affected by COVID-19.
 3. Child Protection Policy should be
implemented in the school system.

22. z  Read the statements below carefully and identify the
types of claims written in a text used.
 Write A for Claim of Fact
 B for Claim of Policy
 C for a claim of value on the space provided before
the number.
 ____1. Basketball is more exciting than football.
 ____2. Mercury is the closest planet to earth.
 ____3. Law is a prestigious profession than Medicine.

23. z
 ____4. The Department of Health
should impose mass testing amid an
increase of COVID-19 cases in the
country.
 ____5. The School Principal should
recommend for strict policy on “NO ID,
NO ENTRY”.

24. z
Activity: Try to write claims (fact, value, and
policy) with the issue of social
media and bullying.
 Example:
 claim of fact: Bullying can lead to
suicidal thoughts on the victim.
 Claim of value: The gravity of a lie is
dependable on the act committed.
 Claim of policy: No face mask, no ride

25. z
, let us connect with YouTube for better
understanding on the types of claims in a
written text.
 What are the remarkable characteristics of
a claim of fact? Claim of value? Claim of
policy?
 Why do we need to identify a claim in a
written text?
 How do we arrive to a good claim in writing
our own views/ claims .

26. z
Connect with the web!
 Link:
https://youtu.be/93IiZsyCtoc

27. z
MAKING REALIZATIONS
Directions: Based on the video watched,
answer the following questions.
 What are the important things to
remember in writing our argument or
claims? Explain your answer in 3-5
sentences.
 Do we need to write our claims or
argument towards something? Yes or no?
Why and why not? Answer in 3-5
sentences.

28. z
Directions: Complete the paragraph below
by providing your own ideas on the lesson
discussed and watched. Follow the rubrics
provided for the concise content of your
piece .
 Today I have learned that
________________________________
______

29. z
Directions: Read each item carefully and
answer the following questions. Write the
letter of the correct answer in your paper.
 ____1. Living with parents after
marriage is being practical.
 a. Claim of Fact c. Claim of Policy
 b. Claim of Value d. Claim

30. z
 ____2. Students should wear their
identification card inside the school
campus.
a. Claim of Fact c. Claim of Policy
b. Claim of Value d. Argument
 ____3. Advocates should heighten their
call for gender equality in the workplace.
A. Claim C. Claim of Policy
B. Claim of Value D. Claim of Fact

31. z  ____ 4. Good Moral and Right Conduct
(GMRC) integration should be made of the
Curriculum.
A. Claim of Fact c. Claim of Policy
B. Claim of Value d. Argument
____ 5. It's more fun in the Philippines
a. Claim of Fact c. Claim
B. Claim of Value d. Claim of Policy

32. z ____ 6. The following are Policy claim,
Except.
A. There should be a recommendation to
stop the opening of classes in August.
B. Mass Testing for COVID-19 should be
implemented immediately.
C. We need to wear face mask all the time.
D. The City Councilors of Zamboanga must
declare the City as COVID Free.

33. z
______7. Which of the following statements is TRUE
about Claim?
A. Is an opinion, idea, or assertion that need to be
backed up with evidence and reasoning.
B. It is not just something doing in a class but
useful skill.
C. Certain that the audience will agree.
D. Does not attempt to search for an agreement
___8. Which of the following types of claim asserts
matter of judgment than a fact?
A. Claim c. Claim of Fact
B. Claim of Policy d. Claim of Value

34. z
9. High School-Stand Alone asserts for an
action to be taken on Child Protection
Policy. What type of claim is that?
A. Claim of Fact c. Claim of Policy
B. Claim of Value d. Argument
__10. A claim that asserts judgment for the
good of many people.
A. Claim c. Claim of Fact
B. Claim of Policy d. Claim of Value

35. z
Directions:To strengthen your
understanding of types of claims, take this
nine-question self-test. See if you can
identify which type of claim the statement is
making, then check the answer.
 _____1. Vaping can lead to increased blood
pressure, lung disease, and insulin
resistance.
 _____2. The basic keys to success are
perseverance and discipline.

36. z
 _____3. Studies have shown that exposure to
violent media is a risk factor for violent
behaviors.
 _____4. The Career Support Network is an
excellent resource for people who are
considering a mid-life career change
 _____5. To ensure that graduates are
competitive for top jobs in their fields, the
college must put additional resources into its
career services office and internship
programs.