The document summarizes information about the tundra climate and ecosystem. It describes the cold temperatures, long periods of sunlight in the summer, and low annual precipitation. It provides details on common tundra plants like arctic willow and bearberry. Key animal species that have adapted to the harsh conditions are mentioned, such as the caribou, arctic fox, and polar bear. Food chains and webs in the tundra ecosystem are also outlined.

1. Made
by Matt

2. The weather in the tundra is normally very cold but
in July (summer) it gets a bit warmer but still only
about 18 degrees Celsius
70
60
50
40
30
20 max
10 min
0
-10
Note: this graphs temperatures are in

3. The Tundra climate is extremely cold and during
the summer (June, July and August) the sun
shines almost 24 hours
90
80
70
60
50
40 average rainfall mm
30
average snow days
20
10 average fog days
0

4. The tundra is located mostly at the
top of the earth. Some of the main
locations are northern north
America, northern Europe, northern
Asia and at the tops of mountain
ranges.

5. The tundra is located at the top of
the world and in mountain ranges
because of:
The altitude
And because of the climate there

6. In the tundra there are many different
types of plants and some of them are
the arctic willow, bearberry, diamond
leaf willow, labrador tea, pasque
flower, tufted saxifrage plus a couple of
different mosses named arctic moss
and caribou moss. I will now explain in
more detail about the arctic willow and
bearberry.

7. The arctic willow is a plant that grows mainly in the
tundra and comes in useful not only to the animals in
the tundra but also humans. Some of the things that
make it so useful are:
 The willow bark can be eaten to clean teeth, prevent
cavities used as an aspirin substitute and even help
heal rashes, burns and insects bites
 It’s braches are flexible enough to make fish traps
and baskets
 If you get the right part of the willow you can actually
eat it and It has 7 to 10 times more vitamin c than
an orange
 It is fairly small and never gets any bigger than 60

8. The bearberry like the arctic willow is not only
important for animals but also for us humans.
Some of the things that make the bearberry
important:
 It is very effective when treating kidney cancer
 Autumn is the time when bearberry is best for
picking
 You can only use the leaves an berries
 Doesn’t grow very high
 Grows mainly in dry non-nutrient soils

9. In the tundra there are many different
animals but there aren’t as many as
some biomes because the climate is so
cold and the animals have had adapt to
conditions. Some of the animals that
have adapted to the conditions are the
arctic fox, caribou, ermine, grizzly
bear, harlequin duck, musk ox, polar
bear, snowy owl, wolf, arctic hare, snow

10. The caribou is a deer like animal but can also be known as
reindeer. Some interesting facts about the caribou are:
 Only deer that females and males both have antlers
 They use there antlers to dig through snow for food in
winter
 They can migrate up to 4828 km a year (3000 miles)
 They can run up to 80 km an hour
 When they sense danger they let a special scent out to
warn other caribou
 There hooves are adapted to the snowy conditions and
can be used as paddles in the water
 They live for 7-15 years
 Some threats to them are wolves, bears, golden eagles
and even humans

11. The arctic fox also known as the white fox is known
mainly as an omnivore in the tundra some other
interesting facts are:
 It weighs around 2.5-9 kg and grows to 75-115 cm
long
 They dig burrows in cliff sides and bury themselves
and their food in the snow for protection
 During winter (December, January, February) they
hunt alone but during summer (June, July, August)
they hunt in big packs with mostly males but some
females too
 They can run at 48 km and will skid on ice

12. An a food chain it shows the producer (the
grass) the fist consumer (the arctic hare)
the second consumer (arctic wolf) and this
goes on until there is nothing left to eat the
final consumer
So in this food chain the arctic wolf eats the
arctic hare and the arctic hare eats the
grass. wolf
Arctic Arctic Grass
hare

13. In a Tundra food web there is lots of
different food chains put together.
Example: In a tundra food web the
polar bear eats the arctic fox and the
ringed seal. The arctic fox eats the
pika, arctic hare, lemming, snow
goose, snow bunting, snowy goose
and the ermine.

14.  The tundra is the coldest of all biomes
 The word tundra comes from the Finnish word
turnturi meaning treeless plain
 It has little precipitation, Poor nutrients, simple
vegetation, short growing season and limitation of
drainage
 The tundra is the second most deadly environment
in the world
 It is the youngest biome
 In summer the sun shines 24 hours a day
 When the sea freezes the salt rises to the top as

15.  they have six week summers
 Gets less rain than in the desert
 It covers 20% of the earths surface and is 3
million square miles long
 The ground can be covered by snow up to 3
feet deep
 Winds blow in between 30 -60 miles an hour
most of the time
 It’s the smallest biome
 There is two types of the tundra the polar
tundra and the arctic tundra

17.  http://www.the-ultralight-site.com/arctic-willow.htm
 http://www.herbs2000.com/herbs/herbs_bearberry.htm
 http://www.buzzle.com/articles/arctic-fox-facts.html
 http://www.switcheroozoo.com/profiles/caribou.htm
 http://www.meoweather.com/history/United%20States/na/61.
1333333/-162.8166667/Tundra.html
 http://herbal-facts.com/herb_index/bearberry/bearberry.htm
 http://whttp://www.freedigitalphotos.net/
 ww.blueplanetbiomes.org/bear_berry.htm
 http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_fun_facts_about_the_arctic_
tundra
 http://www.ri.net/schools/West_Warwick/manateeproject/Tundra/in
terestinginformation.htm
 http://flamingtext.com.au/