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trigeminal neuralgia
The trigeminal nerve is the largest and most complex cranial nerve, with both sensory and motor functions. Trigeminal neuralgia causes severe, stabbing, intermittent facial pain and is caused by compression or irritation of the trigeminal nerve. Symptoms include episodes of unilateral pain in the face, mouth, or eye that are triggered by mundane activities like eating or talking. Diagnosis is clinical without a confirmatory test. Treatment involves drug therapy with anticonvulsants or surgical procedures like microvascular decompression to relieve nerve compression.
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Editor's Notes
- #7 Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers join the three divisions and are distributed to the pupil, to the nasal mucosa causing mucus secretion, to the lacrimal, submaxillary, and sublingual glands, and to the arterioles of the face.
- #11 Motor root: Passes forward in posterior fossa Pierces the duramater beneath attachment of tentorium to tip of petrous part of temporal bone. Enters the meckel’s cave leaves skull via Foramen Ovale. It joins the mandibular div of Vth N to form mandibular nerve – supplies masticatory muscles .