MND occurs when specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, called motor neurons, stop working properly. Motor Neuron diseases are a rare but severe form of neurodegenerative disease.

2. ● Also known as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), it is a rare
neurodegenerative disease.
● MND occurs when specialized nerve cells in the brain and spinal
cord, called motor neurons, stop working properly.
● Motor Neuron diseases are a rare but severe form of
neurodegenerative disease.
● It cause the motor nerves in the spine and brain to lose function
over a span of time
● The two main types of motor neurons are upper motor neurons
(UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN)
Understanding Motor neuron disease (MND)

3. Motor Neuron Disease Symptoms
The symptoms are divided into three stages – early, middle and advanced.
Signs and symptoms in the early stage:
● Weakened grip, making it difficult to hold and pick up objects
● Muscle pain, cramps, and twitching
● Weakness in arms and legs, leading to clumsiness and stumbling
● Fatigue
● Slurred speech and difficulty swallowing
● Breathing trouble
● Weight loss due to loss of muscle mass
● Inappropriate emotional responses

4. Signs and symptoms in the middle stage:
● Shrinking of muscles
● Joint pain
● Difficulty in movement
● Drooling and problems with swallowing
● Difficulty breathing
● Changes in personality and emotional states
● Memory and language problems

5. Signs and symptoms in the advanced stage:
● Little or no movement
● Trouble talking and swallowing
● Severe breathing problems
● May develop dementia
● Some people may also experience insomnia, anxiety,
and depression

6. MND Diagnosis
A neurologist examines the person thoroughly by running a series of
tests before determining MND, some of which are:
● Blood and urine tests
● MRI scan
● EMG (electromyography) and NCS (nerve conduction study)
● Muscle biopsy
● Lumbar puncture or spinal tap

7. MND Treatment
● The condition of the prognosis varies, depending on the patient’s
type of MND and the age of symptom onset
● Supportive and symptomatic treatment can surely help
● One can take assistance from multidisciplinary clinics consisting of
specialists from varied departments such as:
➢ physical therapy
➢ speech therapy
➢ occupational therapy
➢ respiratory therapy
➢ neurology

8. Stem cell therapy for MND
● Stem Cell Therapy is a potent approach for treating MND and its
vitalizing effects, both paracrine and somatic
● This treatment helps to improve the repairing mechanism of diseased,
dysfunctional, or injured tissue with the help of stem cells
● It is proven to mitigate symptoms, slow the progression of the disease,
improve the quality of life and increase survival
● The beneficial effects of this therapy do not just affect the cells, but are
also beneficial to trophic interventions
● It mitigates the symptoms of traumatic injuries, autoimmune,
inflammatory, neurological, and orthopedic diseases
● It helps to reduce inflammation and delay progression

9. Thank You