A PPT on Transport Of India-Modes of Transport- Advantages and disadvantages of various modes of Transport.

1. What is Transportation?
Transportation is an act of moving something from
one place to another.

2. Why do we Need
Transport?
It helps in the movement of
passengers from one place to
another as well as transporting
materials and finished products
from one place to another.

3. Importance of
Transport.
- Helps in assembling raw materials from
different parts of the country.
- Helps in distributing the finished products.
- Helps in the export and import of industrial
goods.
- Helps in the selection of a proper location
for setting up of industry.
- Helps facilitate cultural interaction between
people located at distant places.
- Helps to bring people closer and
disseminate knowledge.
- Helps to contribute towards the emergence
of a global society.

4. Various Means of Transportation in India.
Roadways Railways
Waterways Airways

5. Classification
of Roadways
NATIONAL HIGHWAYS
● Maintained by Central Public Works Department.
● Longest National Highway is NH44.
● Golden Quadrilateral-5846 km- Connects
Delhi,Mumbai,Kolkata.
● North-south-east-west corridors.-Connects Srinagar-
Kanyakumari.-Silchar-Porbundar.
● These led to Development of of the areas, Employed
people,reduced travel time and vehicle operating cost.
STATE HIGHWAYS
● Constructed and maintained by State Governments.
● They Join State Capitals with district headquarters -
Imp cities.

6. Classification
of Roadways
DISTRICT ROADS
● Join Headquarters with other places in district.
VILLAGE ROADS
● Maintained by Panchayat. Now constructed under
PMGSY- Pradhan Mantri Gramin Sadak Yojna.
● Connect villages with neighbouring towns and cities.
Grand Trunk Road(GT)- 2500km long.Delhi -Amritsar is
referred as NH1.Kolkata-Delhi- NH2.
● Border Roads- BRO- Border roads Organisation was
set up in 1960.

7. Roadways
Advantages
● Less capital investment
● Reduce loading and unloading
expenses.
● Convenient means of transportation
over short distances.
● Require comparatively less packing.
● Feeder to other modes of transport.
● Used to transport perishable goods.
● Flexible services.
● Provides Door to Door service.
Disadvantages
● Depends on Seasons. It is Unfit/
Unsafe during rainy season.
● More chances of accidents and
breakdowns - Not safe as compared
to railways.
● Speed is slow and limited.
● Less organised- irregular- unreliable.
Rates are unstable and unequal.
● Leads to air pollution
● Carrying capacity is less

8. Railways
ADVANTAGES
● Facilitate long distance travel & transport
of bulky goods.
● Quick-speedy- regular -certain.
● Easy transportation of coal and raw
materials at cheaper rates.
● Mobility of labour and provides scope for
employment.
● Carrying capacity is large.
● Comfortable mode of travelling due to
availability of berths,washroom facilities-
overnight travel.
DISADVANTAGES
● Setting up requires Large capital
investment.
● Inflexible, route timings cannot be adjusted
as per individual preferences.
● Cannot provide door-to door services.
● Unsuitable and uneconomical.
● More time and labour intensive.
● Due to large capital investment, cannot be
operated in rural areas.
● Centralised Operations so local authorities
are unable to meet personal requirements.

9. Waterways
Advantages
● Cheapest mode of Transport for carrying
freight.
● Have larger capacity for carrying heavy
and bulky goods.
● Have flexible Service than railways.
● The risk of accidents and breakdowns is
lesser compared with other modes of
transport.
Disadvantages
● Slowest mode of transport- unsuitable for
timely delivery.
● Can be used only in areas where there are
deep canals and rivers.
● Rivers and canals that are seasonal are
unsuitable for development of water
transport.
● Changing course of river may cause
dislocation,thereby making them un
reliable.
● Causes seasickness.

10. Airways
Disadvantages
● Costliest means of transport.
● It’s carrying capacity is small and is not
suitable for bulky goods.
● Determined by weather conditions, which
can be uncertain and unreliable.
● It involves high risk due to accidents and
breakdowns.
● Large amount of investment for the
construction and maintenance of aircrafts
and training.
Advantages
● Fastest means of transport.
● Provides regular, comfortable,efficient and
quick service.
● Used to areas that are not accessible by
other modes of Transport.
● Provides emergency services in areas
affected by floods,earthquakes and other
natural calamities.
● Most suitable to carry light goods of high
value.
● Plays Important role in the defence of our
country.

11. Thank You
Created and Edited By:- Insiya Tambawala.
HOD-Social Studies-At Hasanat High School.