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The document discusses the major parts of the cell involved in transporting materials. The plasma membrane, made of a phospholipid bilayer with ion channels and aquaporins, controls what enters and exits the cell. Transport occurs through passive diffusion of substances through the membrane or active transport using protein pumps and transporters that require energy. The two main types of transport are passive transport, which moves substances down their concentration gradient, and active transport, which moves substances against their concentration gradient using energy.









