This document outlines the general rule that a seller can only pass on the same quality of title to goods that they themselves possess, along with nine exceptions to this rule. The exceptions include unauthorized sales by agents, transfers by estoppel, sales by joint owners, sales under voidable contracts, and resales by unpaid sellers or finders and pledgers of goods.

2.  “No seller of goods can give the buyer of
goods a better title to those goods then what
he himself possess”.

3.  EXCEPTIONSTOTHIS RULE
 1. An unauthorised Sale by a Merchantile
Agent
 2.Transfer of title by Estoppel
 3. Sale by a Joint Owner
 4. Sale by a person in possession under a
voidable contract.
 5. Sale by seller in possession of the goods
after their sale provided buyer Acts in good
faith and without notice of previous sale.

4.  6. Sale by buyer in possession after
‘agreement to buy’.
 7. Sale by a finder of goods.
 8. Sale by a pledger.
 9. Resale by unpaid seller.