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Transactional analysis proposes that people operate within three ego states - parent, adult, and child - and that interactions between these states can be categorized into nine possible transactions. Healthy relationships involve complementary transactions where one person's response appropriately continues the discussion. Crossed transactions, where the response does not fit the initial stimulus, often cause difficulties and are characteristic of games people play in interactions. The initiator of a transaction provides a stimulus, and the respondent's reaction is the transactional response which then becomes the new stimulus for the next response.
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There are three basic ego states in transactional analysis: Parent, Adult, and Child. Transactions can occur between any two of these states. The nine possible transactions are Parent-Parent, Parent-Adult, Parent-Child, Adult-Parent, Adult-Adult, Adult-Child, Child-Parent, Child-Adult, and Child-Child. Transactions are classified as either complementary or crossed, with complementary transactions indicating healthy relationships and crossed transactions often causing difficulties.
Transactional analysis
There are three basic ego states in transactional analysis: Parent, Adult, and Child. Transactions can occur between any two of these states. The nine possible transactions are Parent-Parent, Parent-Adult, Parent-Child, Adult-Parent, Adult-Adult, Adult-Child, Child-Parent, Child-Adult, and Child-Child. Transactions are classified as either complementary or crossed, with complementary transactions indicating healthy relationships and crossed transactions often causing difficulties.
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Transactional analysis
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Thank you for understanding. Let's continue our discussion in a respectful manner.
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This document discusses different aspects of nonverbal communication including proxemics, use of space, artifacts, and chronemics. It explains proxemics as the study of how people perceive and use personal space. There are four zones of personal space: intimate, personal, social, and public distance. It also discusses how people communicate ownership of space through territorial behaviors and how status is communicated through space. Artifacts are objects people use to decorate space and communicate messages. Chronemics refers to interpretations of time use which can vary between cultures with some being more monochronic and task-focused while others are more polychronic and flexible.
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The document discusses the C's of effective communication in business letters:
1) Correctness - Letters must be correct in spelling, grammar, language, appearance and conveying accurate information.
2) Clarity - The message must be clear and easily understood using simple words, short sentences, proper punctuation and logical order.
3) Conciseness - Expressing ideas using as few words as possible while maintaining clarity and completeness.
4) Courtesy - Using polite words and phrases that are considerate of the recipient's feelings.
5) Completeness - Providing all necessary facts and figures to avoid misunderstandings.
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1. Completeness - ensuring the message contains all relevant information for the intended reaction or response.
2. Conciseness - composing the message briefly while including all key points.
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4. Concreteness - making statements specific rather than general to avoid misunderstanding.
5. Clarity - composing the message so the receiver understands it clearly.
6. Courtesy - using respectful words appropriate for the audience.
7. Correctness - carefully attending to grammar, mechanics, accuracy and appropriate language level.
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Intrapersonal communication refers to inner dialogue and automatic nonverbal actions that shape our attitudes and behaviors from a young age. How we process information is influenced by our values, beliefs, and self-concept, including our physical, moral, family, and social identities. Understanding our needs, drives, and self-perceptions helps us manage cognitive dissonance and find self-fulfillment through appropriate self-disclosure and understanding how others perceive us.
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This chapter discusses software development processes, project planning, and effort estimation. It introduces several key concepts:
- Software development processes involve a series of steps and activities that produce intended outputs. Common process models include waterfall, iterative development, and agile methods.
- Project planning involves tracking progress, organizing personnel, and estimating effort and schedule. Tools like Gantt charts, histograms, and expenditure tracking can be used.
- Effort estimation methods include expert judgment, algorithmic techniques like COCOMO II, and machine learning approaches. Estimates should be refined repeatedly as uncertainty decreases over the project lifecycle.
Interpersonal communication
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Sign Language
Sign language has existed for a long time and hundreds of different sign languages have developed independently across the world. Sign languages have their own complex grammars and are not dependent on spoken languages. They are expressed through manual communication such as hand gestures and movements, as well as facial expressions. While difficult to write down, sign languages effectively convey ideas and are an important means of communication for deaf communities.
Sign Language in Communication
Sign language is a means of communication using bodily movements, especially of the hands and arms. There are 7 main types of sign language including for the deaf, deaf-blind, and communicating with animals. Sign languages vary by country with some of the major ones being American Sign Language, British Sign Language, Mexican Sign Language, and New Zealand Sign Language. Sign languages play an important role in society through interpretation, telecommunications, and some communities where prevalence of deafness is high. An example is given of William Moon's moon alphabet which combined various modes of communication including Braille and sign language into a poetic language.
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Business Communications Chapter 1 notes
This chapter discusses the importance of communication skills for career success. It outlines trends in the modern workplace like increased emphasis on teams and information sharing that require strong communication abilities. The chapter then covers the basic process of communication and potential barriers like distractions. It provides tips for becoming an active listener and improving nonverbal communication skills. Cultural differences in communication are also examined, with examples of how beliefs are reflected differently across proverbs. The chapter concludes with recommendations for communicating effectively with multicultural audiences.
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The document outlines the Seven C's of Communication, which are principles of effective communication. They are completeness, conciseness, consideration, concreteness, clarity, courtesy, and correctness. Each C is defined in one to three sentences with examples provided for how to apply each principle to oral and written communication.
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Transactional Analysis.pptx
It is concerned with the interaction of two persons at a time. In this interaction the individual behaves in a particular way which may be either cooperative or conflicting. To analyze and improve interpersonal behavior, transactional analysis technique has been developed.
This theory was given by Eric Berne. TA offers a model of personality and the dynamics of self and its relationship to others. When people interact, there is social transaction in which one person respond to another. The study of these transactions among people is called transaction analysis. This analysis can be understood by using Johari Window, that tries to evaluate concept of self with respect to others.
Ego states are a person’s way of thinking, feeling and behaving at any time.
Berne has defined ego state as a consistent pattern of feeling and experience which is directly related to a respective consistent pattern of behavior.
He has given 3 ego states which are as follows:
Parent Ego State: It is a state where the individual behave, feel and think in response to an unconscious imitation or mimicking of how their parents have acted in the past and how they interpreted the actions of their parents. This is also called ‘exteropsyche’ state. e.g. An individual may yell because of frustration because they have experienced the same in their childhood.
Adult ego state: Here, the adult is directed towards an objective appraisal of reality. Here, he processes information and make predictions about various emotions that can influence his behavior. This is also known as ‘neopsyche’ State.
Child ego state: Here, the individuals behave, think and feel in the same manner as they used to think in their childhood. Thus, the child is a source of intimacy, spontaneity, recreation, creation and emotions.
Thus, according to Berner, parental figures are either more criticizing or more nurturing and childhood behaviors are either adapted or more natural, i.e. free. A person of any age may have any of these states in varying degrees.
Ethics At Working -2010
The document discusses the importance of workplace ethics. It asks the reader questions about their own ethical behavior at work, such as being on time, avoiding distractions, and completing tasks. It acknowledges that while people see themselves as ethical, upon reflection most people engage in some unethical behaviors at work. It encourages integrating discipline, dependability, professionalism, and balance between work and personal life to perform one's job with integrity.
Part 1 initial postEthics in the Workplace Please res.docx
Part 1: initial post
"
Ethics in the Workplace
"
Please respond to the following:
Discuss the varying degree of ethics found in organizations you have worked for and how these cultures affected you and / or your work. Then, discuss how you know you are part of an ethical organization.
You have completed a report for your supervisor that outlines a problem that cannot be solved easily or quickly. About one week later the same report is circulated throughout the company that has been altered significantly. You suspect your supervisor made changes to undermine the severity of the problem. Do you have an ethical obligation to speak up? Discuss how you would handle this situation.
part 2: reply to one student post substantially (does not have to be lengthy but explain your reasoning plz)
a.
I have worked in many environments, from military to Starbucks to the government (both as a contractor and a federal employee). I have experienced many different levels of ethics throughout the years, good, bad and in-between. One particular office I can think of from a long time ago had a horrible degree of ethics, which really affected the office and how people interacted. The management of this organization proved to not be professional due to the fact that they believed anything certain employees would tell them. Proper investigation into rumors was not done, and people got moved around within the overall organization, which was frustrating to many. The management of this organization eventually made it so no one wanted to work their until they left, which wasn’t good for the quality of employees. When I went to training for the military I also experienced unethical behavior between instructors and others. Some instructors were not fair and others were teaching correctly. It became frustrating because some students got higher grades because their teacher practically taught the test. Fortunately I am now in a great organization where the management leads by example and makes a clear effort to ensure all employees have ethical behavior as well. I know that I am now part of an ethical organization because I trust my leaders and know that if an issue arises that they take care of it just like they should.
If I wrote a report and found that later my supervisor had edited to hide pertinent information to the issue at hand I would be ethically obligated to say something. It is not right that the supervisor tried to remove information to lessen the severity of the issue; this would need to be discussed with upper management. I would go to the boss of my supervisor and bring up the issue that the supervisor removed this information from the report.
b.
I've worked for a few companies over the last few years and they've all been what I would consider ethical. Most if not all enforce a zero tolerance policy towards, sexual harassment, discrimination, and other work place offenses. This allows for no room for disrespect within the work pla.
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Interpersonal skills
The document discusses interpersonal skills and transactional analysis. It describes three ego states - parent, adult, and child - that people shift between. There are three types of transactions between two people based on the ego states: complementary, where responses are inviting; crossed, which can cause difficulties; and ulterior, with hidden motives. Developing self-awareness, communication skills, and the ability to handle conflicts are important for interpersonal interactions.
110 behaviour therapy-for_senior_citizens
This document provides tips and advice for developing and maintaining good relationships, especially for senior citizens. Some key points include:
1) Relationship building is complex and requires understanding others, cultivating equality, and remembering that we are all temporary guests in this world.
2) People may enter your life for a reason, season, or lifetime, so it's important to understand the nature and purpose of different relationships.
3) Developing good relationships as a senior citizen depends on factors like financial independence, living situation, and relationship with family members.
4) Tips are provided for maintaining good relationships with family, managing finances, avoiding conflicts, and reducing stress in old age. Understanding past behaviors and managing expectations
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Please reword these paragraphs in your own words. DO NOT copy or u.docx
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Editor's Notes
- Eric Berne M.D. Games People Play, Penguin Books, 1964