The document provides training notes on basic internet troubleshooting, covering key topics such as internet connectivity, PPPoE, routers, ONUs, and FTTH. It contrasts cable and FTTH technologies and explains bandwidth measurements, emphasizing the advantages of FTTH over traditional cable. The content is tailored for IT support representatives, highlighting essential concepts for effective internet service management.

1. Training on Basic Internet
Troubleshooting
Spandan Pradhan
19th
November 2015

2. Topics

Internet

Connectivity

PPPoE

Router

ONU(Wifi and non-
wifi)

FTTH

Bandwidth

KBps vs. Kbps

Cable vs. FTTH

Fast Connector

3. 1. Internet

a vast computer network linking smaller co
mputer networks worldwide.

Internet is a short form of the technical
term internetwork.

4. Internet continued ...

5. 2. Connectivity
1)Cable Connection
2)Wireless Connection
3)Fiber connection

6. 3. PPPoE

Abbreviation of Point-to-Point Protocol Over Ethernet

Works in dial-up basis.

Authentication purpose
- username
- password
- mac-address

Internet access over DSL lines using Ethernet.

7. 4. Router
• Layer 3 Device commonly used at user end.
Eg: netis ,tplink
• Used to connect the internet.
• Works on the basis of algorithm.
• Secure
-protection against hacking
• Advantages
- multiple connection
- wireless connectivity
- user defined access , b/w manage

8. Router Continued ...

9. 5. ONU/ONT(Wifi and non-wifi)
device
• Optical Network
Terminal / Optical
Network Unit
• LOS = Loss Of
Signal
• PON = Passive
Optical Network
• LAN ports = 4 (LAN
2 is for future IPTV
use

10. 6. FTTH
Features:
- Allows service providers to deliver more capacity to carry
bandwidth
- cost effective way
- Future Proof technology
- ONT device compulsory at client's end.
- Scalable
- unlike copper does not suffer from decreasing performance over
distance.
Abbreviation for Fiber To The Home

11. 7. Bandwidth
Bit rate per second
Synonym for capacity or ability.
Measured in bits per second
eg: message = 1000 bps
voice = 56 kbps
video (480p) = 1 mbps
One of the network performance
factors.

12. 8. KBps Vs. kbps
KBps = Kilo Byte per second
Kbps = kilo bits per second
KBps = 0.1220703125 * kbps
Measure of data transfer speeds:
KBps
1 KBps = 1024 bytes
Measure of data transfer speeds:
kbps

13. KBps Vs. kbps continued ...
512 KBps
KBps is used in
file size
occupancy in
hard disk drive.
512 kbps
kbps is used in
data transfer
speed over
network.
ISP bandwidth and Download speed

14. 9. Cable Vs. FTTH
FTTH has minimum operating cost,
minimum point of failure, distance
independent signal
strength,scalability, high speed and
other advantage over cable Internet
Cable Internet uses RJ-45 port
whereas FTTH uses Fast
Connector.

15. 10. Fast Connector

16. Thank You.
Spandan Pradhan
IT Support Representative
Junior Assistant
spandan.com.np