Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Networking Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Best Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Computer Network Training Institute in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Computer Network Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology)
"Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53"
Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Best Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Computer Network Training Institute in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Computer Network Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
The internet is a network of computers linking many different types of computers all over the world. It is a very large wide area network (WAN) connecting computers and networks around the world.
The internet is a network of computers linking many different types of computers all over the world. It is a very large wide area network (WAN) connecting computers and networks around the world.
Best C Programming Training & Coaching in Ambalajatin batra
Are you searching best C Programming Language Training in Ambala ? Now your search is end here. Batra Computer Centre provides best Training in C , C++, SEO, PHP & So much courses are available here.
BASIC COMPUTER TRAINING & COACHING CENTRE IN AMBALA CANTTjatin batra
Are you in search best computer training in Ambala cantt?now your search is end here. Batra computer centre provide best training in all type of computer courses
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Search Engine Training in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Search Engine Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
SQL Training in Ambala ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTREjatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide SQL Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Networking Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Ms Office 2010 Training in Ambala ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTREjatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Ms Office 2010 Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Basic Computer Training Centre in Ambala ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTREjatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Basic Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Corel Draw Training Institute in Ambala ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTREjatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Corel Draw Training Institute Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Basic Computer Training Institute ! BATRA COMPUTER CENTREjatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Basic Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
HTML Training Institute in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide HTML Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Benefits of Web Browser ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
SEO Training in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide SEO Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Internet Training Centre in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Internet Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Basic Computer Training Centre in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Basic Computer Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Web Designing Training in Ambala ! Batra Computer Centrejatin batra
Batra Computer Centre is An ISO certified 9001:2008 training Centre in Ambala.
We Provide Web Designing Training in Ambala. BATRA COMPUTER CENTRE provides best training in C, C++, S.E.O, Web Designing, Web Development and So many other courses are available.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
4. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
A network consists of 2 or more
computers connected together, and
they can communicate and share
resources (e.g. information)
5. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Sharing information — i.e. data communication
• Do you prefer these?
• Or this?
6. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Sharing hardware or software
• Centralize administration and support
• E.g. print document
• E.g. Internet-based, so everyone can access the same
administrative or support application from their PCs
7. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Depending on one’s perspective, we can classify
networks in different ways
• Based on transmission media: Wired (UTP, coaxial cables, fiber-optic cables)
and Wireless
• Based on network size: LAN and WAN (and MAN)
• Based on management method: Peer-to-peer and Client/Server
• Based on topology (connectivity): Bus, Star, Ring …
:
:
8. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Two main categories:
– Guided ― wires, cables
– Unguided ― wireless transmission, e.g. radio,
microwave, infrared, sound, sonar
• We will concentrate on guided media here:
– Twisted-Pair cables:
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) cables
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) cables
– Coaxial cables
– Fiber-optic cables
9. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• If the pair of wires are not twisted,
electromagnetic noises from, e.g., motors,
will affect the closer wire more than the
further one, thereby causing errors
10. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Typically wrapped inside a plastic cover (for
mechanical protection)
• A sample UTP cable with 5 unshielded twisted pairs of
wires
MetalInsulator
11. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• STP cables are similar to UTP cables, except
there is a metal foil or braided-metal-mesh
cover that encases each pair of insulated wires
12. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
EIA classifies UTP cables according to the quality:
• Category 1 ― the lowest quality, only good for voice, mainly
found in very old buildings, not recommended now
• Category 2 ― good for voice and low data rates (up to 4Mbps for
low-speed token ring networks)
• Category 3 ― at least 3 twists per foot, for up to 10 Mbps
(common in phone networks in residential buildings)
• Category 4 ― up to 16 Mbps (mainly for token rings)
• Category 5 (or 5e) ― up to 100 Mbps (common for networks
targeted for high-speed data communications)
• Category 6 ― more twists than Cat 5, up to 1 Gbps
13. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• In general, coaxial cables, or coax, carry signals of higher freq
(100KHz–500MHz) than UTP cables
• Outer metallic wrapping serves both as a shield against noise and as the
second conductor that completes the circuit
14. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Light travels at 3108 ms-1 in free space and is the fastest possible speed
in the Universe
• Light slows down in denser media, e.g. glass
• Refraction occurs at interface, with light bending away from the normal
when it enters a less dense medium
• Beyond the critical angle total internal reflection
15. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• An optical fiber consists of a core (denser material) and a cladding (less
dense material)
• Simplest one is a multimode step-index optical fiber
• Multimode = multiple paths, whereas step-index = refractive index follows
a step-function profile (i.e. an abrupt change of refractive index between the
core and the cladding)
• Light bounces back and forth along the core
• Common light sources: LEDs and lasers
16. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
Noise resistance ― external light is blocked by outer jacket
Less signal attenuation ― a signal can run for miles without
regeneration (currently, the lowest measured loss is about ~4% or
0.16dB per km)
Higher bandwidth ― currently, limits on data rates come from the
signal generation/reception technology, not the fiber itself
Cost ― Optical fibers are expensive
Installation/maintenance ― any crack in the core will degrade the
signal, and all connections must be perfectly aligned
18. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Small network, short distance
• A room, a floor, a building
• Limited by no. of computers and distance covered
• Usually one kind of technology throughout the LAN
• Serve a department within an organization
• Examples:
• Network inside the Student Computer Room
• Network inside CF502
• Network inside your home
19. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Wide Area Network (WAN)
• A network that uses long-range telecommunication links to connect 2 or
more LANs/computers housed in different places far apart.
• Towns, states, countries
• Examples:
• Network of our Campus
• Internet
Student Computer
Centre
Your home
USAWAN
20. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
Example WAN technologies:
• ISDN – Integrated Service Digital Network
• Basic rate: 192 Kbps Primary rate: 1.544Mbps
• T-Carriers ― basically digital phone lines
• T1: 1.544Mbps T3: 28T1
• Frame relay
• Each link offers 1.544Mbps or even higher
• ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode
• Support B-ISDN: 155Mbps or 622Mbps or higher
• SONET – Synchronous Optical Network
• Basic rate OC1: 51.84Mbps
• Support OC12 and up to OC192 (9953.28Mbps) or even higher in the
future
21. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
Example of WAN: Broadband Cable Network
• Cable TV services have been extensively developed in most modern cities
• Cable TV companies try to make use of their coaxial cable installed
(that are supposed to carry TV signals) to deliver broadband data
services
• Many cable network wiring has been replaced with hybrid fiber-coax
(HFC) ― i.e. use of fiber-optic cable to connect to the subscribers’
buildings, and then the original coaxial cable to connect to each
household
22. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
The connection is shared by a
number of subscribers, hence may
raise performance and security
problems
Cable companyCoaxial
Cable
TV
PC
Cable
Drop
23. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Cable is an asymmetrical technology
• Downstream: max 36 Mbps
• Upstream: max 10 Mbps
• May be reduced to 3 – 10 Mbps downstream and 2 Mbps
upstream, depending on no. of subscribers
• Need a special cable modem
Ethernet
link to PC
Coaxial link
from cable TV
socket
Teryon Cable Modem
24. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Peer-to-peer network is also called workgroup
• No hierarchy among computers all are equal
• No administrator responsible for the network
Peer-to-peer
25. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Advantages of peer-to-peer networks:
• Low cost
• Simple to configure
• User has full accessibility of the computer
• Disadvantages of peer-to-peer networks:
• May have duplication in resources
• Difficult to uphold security policy
• Difficult to handle uneven loading
• Where peer-to-peer network is appropriate:
• 10 or less users
• No specialized services required
• Security is not an issue
• Only limited growth in the foreseeable future
26. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Network Clients (Workstation)
• Computers that request network resources or services
• Network Servers
• Computers that manage and provide network resources and services to clients
• Usually have more processing power, memory and hard disk space than
clients
• Run Network Operating System that can manage not only data, but also
users, groups, security, and applications on the network
• Servers often have a more stringent requirement on its performance and
reliability
27. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Advantages of client/server networks
• Facilitate resource sharing – centrally administrate and
control
• Facilitate system backup and improve fault tolerance
• Enhance security – only administrator can have access
to Server
• Support more users – difficult to achieve with peer-to-
peer networks
• Disadvantages of client/server networks
• High cost for Servers
• Need expert to configure the network
• Introduce a single point of failure to the system
28. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• How so many computers are connected
together?
Bus Topology Ring Topology
Star Topology
Hub
29. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
• Bus Topology
• Simple and low-cost
• A single cable called a trunk (backbone, segment)
• Only one computer can send messages at a time
• Passive topology - computer only listen for, not regenerate data
• Star Topology
• Each computer has a cable connected to a single point
• More cabling, hence higher cost
• All signals transmission through the hub; if down, entire network down
• Depending on the intelligence of hub, two or more computers may send
message at the same time
30. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
Star Topology
Bus Topology
BNC T-Connector
Coaxial
cable
Network Card
31. Ph. No.: 8222066670, 4000670 Website: www.batracomputercentre.com
T
T
T
dat
a
T
dat
a
T
dat
a
T dat
a
T dat
a
T dat
a
T Ack
T Ack
T Ack
TAck T
Ring Topology
• Every computer serves as
a repeater to boost signals
• Typical way to send data:
• Token passing
• only the computer who
gets the token can send
data
• Disadvantages
• Difficult to add computers
• More expensive
• If one computer fails, whole network fails