This document provides an outline for a study on the impact of traffic calming devices at highway work zones. The objectives are to evaluate the effectiveness of active and passive traffic calming measures in work zones and suggest improvements. Literature review, site reconnaissance, and analysis of 600 accident reports from NH-8 have been completed. Three sites with different traffic calming configurations will be selected for speed and volume studies. Detailed traffic management plans will be developed and questionnaires administered. Results will be published in Accident Analysis & Prevention journal. Work will continue through March 2013 with thesis writing in April.

1. IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING
AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONES
Supervised by
Dr. Geetam Tiwari
Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering
IIT Delhi
Presented by
Yogender Singh
2011CEP2996
1
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, DELHI
23/02/2013
(Major Project Part: – I )

2. Outline
 Objectives of The Study
 Work done so far
 Summary of Literature review
 F.I.R. data analysis
 Revised Methodology
 Work plan
2 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORKZONES

3. Objectives of The Study
 To evaluate the performance of active and passive traffic
calming devices in highway work zones, i.e. to evaluate the
impact of following on road user behaviour
o shape and colour of traffic signs and
o rumble strips
 To suggest suitable measures to increase the effectiveness
of these traffic calming devices based on their impact
 To carry out the statistical analysis of road traffic crashes
occurred on NH-8 than find work zone fatalities trends.
3 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

4. Work done so far
4
 Literature review has been completed
 Reconnaissance survey of the study locations has been done
 Detailed TMPs have been prepared in AutoCAD for the sites selected
based on field visits
 F.I.R. reports of fatal road accidents of NH-8 Delhi-Jaipur section (232
Km stretch, where 6 laning is being done) have been collected to
determine the fatality trends in highway work zones.
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

5. Summary of literature review
5 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORKZONES

6. 6
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORKZONES

7. 7 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORKZONES

8. 8
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

9. Fatal Road Accident F.I.R. Data Analysis
9
 Fatal road accident F.I.R. Reports of NH-8 have been
collected from chainage 42.7 km to chainage 273 km (2007
to 2011)
 Preliminary analysis of 600 F.I.R. reports have been carried
out so far.
 670 fatalities and 310 injuries were observed.
 After getting operation & maintenance data from PCEPL
we will find the work zone fatalities trends.
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORKZONES

10. Traffic fatalities: Road User Type
10
RoadUserType TotalFatalities
Pedestrians 225
Cycle 10
MTW 163
TSR 5
Car 50
Bus 12
Truck 151
Others 6
Unknown 9
GrandTotal 631
Pedestrians
36%
Cycle
1%
MTW
26%
TSR
1%
Car
8%
Bus
2%
Truck
24%
Others
1% Unknown
1%
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

11. Traffic fatalities: Time and road users wise
11
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Nooffatalities
Time
Truck
Bus
Car
TSR
MTW
Others
Unknown
Cycle
Pedestrians
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

12. Traffic Fatalities Matrix: Victim type vs. Impacting vehicle
12
Impacting Vehicle
Victim Truck Bus Car TSR MTW Others Unknown Grand Total
Truck 96 5 15 1 9 20 4 150
Bus 8 0 0 0 0 3 0 11
Car 34 0 1 0 4 9 2 50
TSR 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 5
MTW 89 5 25 1 12 8 23 163
Cycle 3 0 1 0 3 0 3 10
Pedestrians 88 9 45 4 16 0 63 225
Others 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 6
Unknown 1 0 1 1 2 2 1 8
Grand Total 323 19 92 7 47 44 96 628
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

13. 96
8
34
1
89
3
88
3 1
5
5 9
15 25
45
1
1
4
9
12
16
20
9
8
4
2
23
63
Truck Bus Car TSR MTW Cycle Pedestrians Others Unknown
ImpactingVehicle
Victim
Road Traffic Fatalities on NH-8: Victim Type Vs Impacting Vehicle
Truck Bus Car TSR MTW Others Unknown
13
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

14. Crash distribution by Gender, Age & Hit and Run case
Male vs. Female Crash distribution (%) Victim’s age distribution (%)
14
86%
14%
male
female
17% 3%
17%
62%
1%
Unknown
0-10
10-18
18-45
>45
23%
47%
30%
NO
YES
UNKNOWN
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

15. Traffic Fatalities over different days and months
15
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
No.offatalities
Day
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE
7
44 46
56
49
67
39
47
59
49
45
37
55
No.offatalities
Month

16. Revised Methodology
 Site Selection:
 Chainage 144, 162 and 168 (LHS) on NH-8 Delhi-Jaipur section has been selected
for the study where Six- Laning is being done
 Field Methodology:
 Speed studies
 Volume studies
 Drivers’ survey
 The cameras would be placed for 12 hours for volume recording.
 Speed studies would be carried out during dusk period and peak & off-peak hours.
 At chainage 162 & 168, continuous New Jersey Barricades would be provided due to
deep excavation.
 Ch.144 - Baseline condition.
 Ch.162 - Only passive measures (traffic signs including triangle shape warning
signs with yellow background, pavement markings and N.J.B. barricades).
 Ch.168 - Both active (Rumble strips) and passive measures (diamond shape
warning signs with orange background, pavement marking & N.J.B. barricades)
16 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

17. Detailed traffic management plan of base line (chainage-144)
17
 The speed guns and cameras would be positioned at different stations as shown in TMPs. The details of
stations are given below:
Station 1 (Speed gun)- to measure the speeds in AWZ
Station 2 (Speed gun & Camera) – to determine the speed profile of vehicles traveling in WZ
and to determine the traffic volume
Station 3 (Speed gun) – to measure the speeds in TTZ
 Station 4 (Nearest dhaba or restaurant) –Questionnaire survey
Station 1Station 2Station 3Station 4
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

18. Detailed Traffic Management Plan with Passive measures (Chainage 162)
18
Station 3 Station 2 Station 1Station 4
 Only passive measures (traffic signs including triangle shape warning signs with yellow
background, pavement markings and barricades) would be install.
 The speed guns and cameras would be positioned at different stations as shown in TMPs. The
details of stations are given below:
Station 1 (Speed gun) - to measure the speeds in AWZ
Station 2 (Speed gun & Camera) – to determine the speed profile of vehicles traveling in
WZ and to determine the traffic volume
Station 3 (Speed gun) – to measure the speeds in TTZ
Station 4 (Dhaba or restaurant )-for Questionnaire survey
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

19. Detailed Traffic Management Plan with Active & Passive measures (Chainage 168)
19 Rumble strips
Station 1Station 2Station 4 Station 3Station 5
Station 6
 The speed guns and cameras would be positioned at different stations as shown in TMPs. The
details of stations are given below:
Station 1 (Speed gun) - to determine the speed profile of vehicles before reaching
rumble strips (in AWZ)
Station 2 (Speed gun) – to measure the speeds speed profile of vehicles after reaching
rumble strips (in AWZ)
Station 3 (Speed gun) - to measure the speeds in AWZ
Station 4 (Speed gun & Camera) – to determine the speed profile of vehicles traveling in
WZ and to determine the traffic volume
Station 5 (Speed gun) – to measure the speeds in TTZ
Station 6 (Dhaba or restaurant)- for Questionnaire survey
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

20. Summary of traffic control devices (signages)
S.N. Products
Total Qty
for Ch.162 Size Shape
1 Men at work sign 11 600 mm side Triangle
2 Supplementary end plate 1 162 mmX270.1 mm Rectangle
3 Overtaking Prohibited sign 2 600 mm dia. Circular
4 Speed Limit ( 30 kmph) 8 600 mm dia. Circular
5 Speed Limit ( 50 kmph) 2 600 mm dia. Circular
6 Lane closed sign 8 600 mm side Triangle
7 Pedestrian crossing 1 600 mm side Triangle
8 Side Road Left 1 600 mm side Triangle
9 Compulsory keep left 1 600 mm dia. Circular
10 Left diversion sign 1 - Rectangle
11 Right diversion sign 1 - Rectangle
12 Compulsory keep right 1 600 mm dia. Circular
13
Supplementary plate “6
lanning in progress at 1 km
2
- Rectangle
14 Supplementary plate “6
lanning in progress at 1.5km
2 - Rectangle
S.N. Products
Total Qty
for Ch.168 Size Shape
1 Men at work sign 12 1200 mm X 1200 mm Diamond
2 Overtaking Prohibited sign 2 600 mm dia. Circular
3 Speed Limit ( 30 kmph) 8 600 mm dia. Circular
4 Speed Limit ( 50 kmph) 2 600 mm dia. Circular
5 Pedestrian crossing 1 1200 mm X 1200 mm Diamond
6 Side Road Left 1 1200 mm X 1200 mm Diamond
7 Compulsory keep left 1 600 mm dia. Circular
8 Left diversion sign 1 - Rectangle
9 Right diversion sign 1 - Rectangle
10 Compulsory keep right 1 600 mm dia. Circular
11 Rumble strip sign 9 1200 mm X 1200 mm Diamond
12 End of work zone sign 1 1200 mm X 1200 mm Diamond
13
Supplementary plate “6
lanning in progress at 1 km
2 -
Rectangle
14 Supplementary plate “6
lanning in progress at 1.5km
2 - Rectangle
20 IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

21. International Journal (Preferred) for publication of
M.Tech project work
21
Accident Analysis & Prevention
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

22. Work Plan
22
DEC. ‘12 JAN. ‘13 FEB. ‘13 MAR. ‘13 APR. ‘13
Literature
Review
Data
Collection
Data Analysis
Thesis writing
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

23. References
• Benekohal, R.F., et al. 1990. Survey of Driver’s opinion about work zone traffic control on a
rural highway. Report No. FHWA-IL-UI-234. University of Illinois, Urbana.
• Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management. Transit, New Zealand, 2004.
• Code of Practice for Traffic Control at Work Zone. Land Transport Authority, Singapore, 2006.
• Dewar, R. 1988. Criteria for the design and evaluation of traffic sign symbol.
• Dixon, K.K., and Wang, C. 2002. Development of Speed Reduction Strategies for Highway
Work Zones. Research Report. Georgia Transportation Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology,
Atlanta, Georgia.
• Fontaine, M. D., and Carlson, P. J. 2001. Evaluation of Speed Displays and Rumble Strips at
Rural Maintenance Work Zones. Proceedings of 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation
Research Board, Washington, DC.
• Ghulam H.B., Mojtaba A.M. , 2009 “Evaluation of Work Zone Speed Limits: An Objective and
Subjective Analysis of Work Zones in Missouri” Report no. TPF-5(081)
• Guidelines on Safety in Road Construction Zones, IRC: SP: 55-2001. Indian Roads Congress,
New Delhi, 2001.
• Guidelines on Safety in Road Construction Zones, IRC: SP: 55-2012 (DRAFT). Indian Roads
Congress, New Delhi, Aug.2012
23
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

24. 24
• Hawkins G.H. et.al.1995.Motorist understanding of traffic control device : study results and
recommendations. Report no.- FHWA/TX-95/1261-4
• Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways. U.S. Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway administration, Washington, D.C., 2009
• Mattox III, et al. 2007. Development and Evaluation of Speed-Activated Sign to Reduce
Speeds in Work Zones. Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Transportation Research
Record No. 2015: 3-11.
• Mohan, D., Tsimhoni, O., Sivak, M., and Flannagan, M. J. 2009. Road Safety in India:
Challenges and Opportunities. Technical Report. The University of Michigan. Transportation
Research Institute. Michigan, U.S.A.
• Zech, W. C., Mohan, S., and Dmochowski, J. 2005. Evaluation of rumble strips and police
presence as speed control measures in highway work zones. Practice Periodical on Structural
Design and Construction, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 267-275.
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE

25. 25
Thank You
IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CALMING AT HIGHWAY WORK ZONE