The document describes a proposed smart traffic management system that uses sensors and analytics to optimize traffic flow. It discusses three key aspects: 1. Sensors like ultrasonic transceivers would detect vehicle density on roads and lanes and feed this data to a controller. The controller would dynamically adjust traffic light timings based on real-time traffic conditions to reduce congestion. 2. A simulation model represents the physical traffic system mathematically to test conditions virtually before implementation. 3. Future enhancements could include diverting motorists to less crowded routes based on traffic analytics, changing all traffic lights on emergency routes to green to help ambulances reach hospitals faster, and using video and other sensor data to help prevent and solve

1. Submitted By
Kushal B J
Nikil S Raaju
Pavan Srivathsa R
Mini Project on
Smart Traffic Management System
Dr. AMBEDKAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Near Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bengaluru-560 056.
(An Autonomous Institution, Aided by Government of Karnataka)
Under the guidance of
Mr. HARISH KUMAR. H. C.
Asst. Prof., Dept of CSE
Dr. AIT
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
2018-19

2.  Introduction
 Present Scenario
 Model of the Traffic signal
 Circuit diagram
 Future Enhancement
Outline

3. Everybody is growing rich each day and owning a car, to every available family has turned out to be an obsession.
Hardly few people realize that all this contributes to more increased stress put on traffic. Thickly congested roads are
a daily sight in most metropolitan cities. Commuters, including children and employees, spend hours each day
stuck in long and never ending traffic jams. The pity is that very often, one can find the green light shining on empty
roads, wasting the precious time of many other people. The worst scenario is that of an ambulance, with a person
battling death, stuck in a traffic jam and the red light shining on that road. This paper, taking this scenario as our
motivation, is thus putting its humble, little effort to help this situation by making traffic lights sufficiently intelligent
that it can detect which side of a junction consists of more traffic density and thus deserves a green signal. Eventually,
it would help relieve suffocating streets of heavy bottlenecks, saving people their precious time.
In today’s high speed life, traffic congestion becomes a serious issue in our day to day activities. It brings down the
productivity of individual and thereby the society as lots of work hour is wasted in the signals. High volume of
vehicles, the inadequate infrastructure and the irrational distribution of the signaling system are main reasons for this
chaotic congestions. It indirectly also adds to the increase in pollution level as engines remain on in most cases, a
huge volume of natural resources in forms of petrol and diesel is consumed without any fruitful outcome. Therefore,
in order to get rid of these problems or at-least reduce them to significant level, newer schemes need to be
implemented by bringing in sensor based automation technique in this field of traffic signaling.
INTRODUCTION

4. Present Scenario
 In the present scenario the vehicle problem is increasing and Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many
modern cities all over the world. Traffic Control is achieved by the use of a system of hand signs by traffic police
personnel, traffic signals, and markings.
 To overcome the problem, we have come up with an exclusive idea for a dynamic and automatic traffic light
control expert system combined with a simulation mode. Traffic research has the goal to optimize traffic flow, as
the roads have become overloaded with increasing number of vehicles and resources are limited.
 However, still there are some limitations in existing traffic control which are not environmental and economical.
There are several models which give solutions for traffic simulation. In our research we have focused on
optimization of traffic light controller in a city using wireless sensor and automate decision. Traffic light
optimization is a big problem. Even for single junction there is no optimal solution.
 The problem becomes even more complex with multiple junctions, as the state of one light is responsible for the
flow of traffic of that road only. Under current circumstances, traffic lights are set on in the different directions
with fixed time delay, following a particular cycle while switching from one signal to other creating unwanted and
wasteful congestion on one lane while the other lanes remain vacant.

5.  The system we propose identify the density of traffic on individual lanes and thereby regulate the timing of the
signals’ timing. Ultrasonic trans-receivers count the obstructions and provide an idea about the traffic density on a
particular lane and feed this response to a controller unit which will make the necessary decisions as and when
required.
 We propose three approaches: in the first approach - to take data/input/ from ultrasonic receivers.
 In the second approach - to process the input data using Microcontroller and finally display it on the traffic light
signal to control the Closed Loop System.
 In the third approach whenever any vehicle in emergency situation or in last-mile connectivity issues like VVIPs,
it will send a message to the authority of that traffic light and traffic police, to turn on that particular traffic light in
the city.

6.  Modeling and simulation (M&S) at simple terms is a substitute for
physical experimentation, in which computers are used to calculate the
results of some physical phenomenon.
 As it is apparent from its name "Modeling and simulation" firstly a
computer is used to build a mathematical model which contains all the
parameters of physical model and represent physical model in virtual
form then conditions are applied which we want to experiment on
physical model.
 Then simulation starts i.e., we leave on computer to calculate the
results of those conditions on mathematical model. In this way, actual
experimentation can be avoided which is costly and time-consuming
instead of using mathematical knowledge and computer's computation
power to solve real-world problems cheaply and in a time efficient
manner.
Model Of the Traffic Signal

7.  Connect the ultrasonic sensor to the servo motor where servo motor is placed on
the signal pole
 Each lane is divided into n sectors based on the topology of the road (Here n=3).
 With the help of servo motor we can measure the distance of the particular sector
by rotating the ultrasonic senor to desired angle (angle is determined by sector
range).
 By this distance we can manage to find the density of the traffic in a particular
lane and the signal duration is calculated accordingly.
 Repeat the same process for the other signals except for the signal which is green.
 By comparing the values from all the signals dynamically traffic is controlled in
an efficient way.
Circuit Diagram

8. Scenario 1: How Smart Analytics can reduce Traffic Congestion on a busy road?
Sensors connected to traffic signal keep sending information to a central server on number of vehicles piling.
Analytics platform gets real-time data from sensors, traffic signals within 2km of intended junction & GIS mapping
of roads.
When a threshold is reached, analytics software send a message to traffic display 1km before the signal.
Motorists driving towards signal are asked to divert to another road.
When number of vehicles at signal decrease below threshold, message flashed on display stops urging drivers to
drive towards signal.
Installing similar system across city makes all signals congestion free.
Future Enhancement

9. Scenario 2: How Smart Analytics can save life on road?
Ambulance carrying a critical patient is driving at full speed towards hospital.
Analytics platform gets real time data from sensors, traffic signals on the way to hospital and GIS mapping of all roads leading to
hospital.
A message is sent to the ambulance display panel in front of the driver informing him which the road to take.
All signals towards hospital are asked to be on a particular color (Red or Green) prompting ambulance to pass through.
A message is also sent to hospital system prompting them to be ready, including an auto message to the doctor's phone to rush back
if he is out.

10. Scenario 3: How Smart Analytics help prevent and catch crime
A criminal places a suspicious bag near a road side bus stop
CCTV camera keeps recording all activities including this one
All information from CCTV, sensors on the road, criminal database and information from Police command center is continuously
fed to analytics platform which keeps analyzing the information and takes decisions
Based on the analytics, a message is flashed to police command center and nearest public display asking public to remain away
from the site
Police squad is dispatched to site to check bag contents and take necessary action
Video of person placing bag is flashed across police stations by command center

11. THANK YOU