AS Art Lecture

1. Romanticism Impressionism
1800 - 1880 1867 - 1910
It originated in the second half of the 18th It was the beginning of twentieth century’s
century in Western Europe, and gained strength exploration of the expressive properties of
during the Industrial Revolution. It was partly a colour, light, line and form, a particularly strong
revolt against aristocratic social and political theme in modern art.
norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction
against the scientific rationalization of nature, and
was embodied most strongly in the visual arts,
music, and literature.
JMW Turner Claude Monet

2. Symbolism Post-Impressionism
1885 - 1950 1880 - 1920
The styles of these painters varied considerably, The term was coined by the English art critic
but they shared many of the same themes Roger Fry for the work of such late 19th-century
particularly a fascination with the mystical and the painters as Paul Cézanne, Georges Seurat, Paul
visionary., along with the erotic, the perverse, Gauguin,Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-
death and debauchery. The leading figures of the Lautrec, and others. The movement led away
movement included the two French men, Odilon from the naturalistic approach of Impressionism,
Redon and Paul Gauguin, but it was not limited to which they considered tied to traditional subject
France with other practitioners including the matter. Its technique was defined by short
Norwegian Edvard Munch, the Austrian Gustav brushstrokes of broken colour.
Klimt and the British Aubrey Beardsley.
Gustav Klimt Georges-Pierre Seurat

3. Fauvism Expressionism
1905 - 1908 1905 - 1925
It was the first of the major avant-garde It was an artistic style in which the artist attempts to
movements in European 20th century art, and depict not objective reality but rather the subjective
characterised by paintings that used intensely emotions and responses that objects and events arouse
vivid, non-naturalistic and exuberant colours. one. This is accomplished through distortion,
exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the
The style was essentially expressionist, and vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal
generally featured landscapes in which forms were elements. Unlike Impressionism, its goals were not to
distorted. Literally translated it means “Wild reproduce the impression suggested by the surrounding
Beasts”. world, but to strongly impose the artist's own sensibility
to the world's representation.
Andre Derain Egon Schiele

4. Cubism Futurism
1908 - 1914 1909 - 1944
This art movement began in Paris around 1907. An Italian avant-garde art movement that took speed,
Led by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, the technology and modernity as its inspiration; It portrayed
artists broke from centuries of tradition in their the dynamic character of 20th century life, glorified war
painting by rejecting the single viewpoint. Instead and the machine age, and favoured the growth of
they used an analytical system in which three- Fascism. The movement was adopted by artists such as
dimensional subjects were fragmented and Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Giacomo Balla and Umberto
redefined from several different points of view Boccioni.
simultaneously.
Pablo Picasso Umberto Boccioni

5. Surrealism Constructivism
1920 - 1930 1915 - 1940
Founded in Paris in 1924 by André Breton with This movement was marked by a commitment to total
his Manifesto, the movement's principal aim was abstraction and a wholehearted acceptance of
'to resolve the previously contradictory modernity. Often very geometric, it is usually
conditions of dream and reality into an absolute experimental, rarely emotional. Objective forms which
reality, a super-reality'. The major artists of the were thought to have universal meaning were preferred
movement were Salvador Dali, Max Ernst, René over the subjective or the individual.
Magritte and Joan Miró. Its impact on popular
culture can still be felt today, most visibly in
advertising.
Rene Magritte Kasimir Malevich