This document discusses occupational safety and health topics including hazards, risks, and hazard control methods. It defines occupational safety and health as protecting worker safety, health and welfare. It describes the components of an occupational health record. It then defines hazards as things that can cause harm and risks as a measure of possible harmful effects. The document outlines different types of workplace hazards including biological, chemical, ergonomic, physical, and psychological hazards. It provides examples of effects for each hazard type. Finally, it discusses methods to control hazards, including elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment.

1. QUARTER 3
WEEK 7-8
TECHNICAL
DRAFTING
8

2. QUARTER 3
– WEEK 7-8
HAZARD AND
RISK

3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Occupational Safety and Health is a
cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting
the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in
work or employment. As a secondary effect, it may
also protect co-workers, family members,
employers, customers, suppliers nearby
communities, and other members of the public who
are affected by the workplace environment.

4. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RECORD
The occupational health record includes information
health status documented on an employee, including
personal and occupational health histories as well the
opinions and written evaluations generated in the
course diagnosis, employment-related treatment, and
examination by healthcare professionals and
technicians.

5. HAZARD
is a term used to describe
something that has the
potential to cause harm.

6. RISK
is a measure of the possibility of a
specific harmful effect in given
circumstances. It is very important
to know the difference between a
hazard and a risk.

7. TYPES OF WORKPLACE HAZARD
AND ITS EFFECT
Biological hazards - Caused by organisms such as
viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites.
EFFECTS :
a) Blood and other body fluids,
b) Fungi/mold,
c) Bacteria and viruses,
d) Plants,
e) Insect bites,
f) Animal and bird droppings

8. TYPES OF WORKPLACE HAZARD
AND ITS EFFECT
Chemical hazards - Solid, liquid, vapor or gaseous
chemicals, dust, fume or mist.
EFFECTS :
a) Liquids like cleaning products, paints, acids, solvents –
Especially if chemicals are in an unlabelled container,
b) Vapors and fumes that come from welding or exposure to
solvents,
c) Gases like acetylene, propane, carbon monoxide and helium,
d) Flammable materials like gasoline, solvents, and explosive
chemicals,
e) e) Pesticides.

9. TYPES OF WORKPLACE HAZARD
AND ITS EFFECT
Ergonomic hazards - Anatomical, physiological,
and psychological demands on the worker, such as
repetitive and forceful movements, vibration,
extreme temperatures, and awkward postures
arising from improper work methods and
improperly designed workstations, tools, and
equipment.

10. EFFECTS :
a) Improperly adjusted workstations and chairs,
b) Frequent lifting,
c) Poor posture,
d) Awkward movements, especially if they are
repetitive,
e) Having to use too much force, especially if
you have to do it frequently,
f) Vibration.

11. TYPES OF WORKPLACE HAZARD
Physical hazards - Noise, vibration, energy, weather,
electricity, radiation and pressure.
EFFECTS :
a) Radiation: including ionizing, nonionizing (EMF’s,
microwaves, radio waves, etc.),
b) Over exposure to sunlight/ultraviolet rays,
c) Temperature extremes – hot and cold,
d) Constant loud noise.

12. TYPES OF WORKPLACE HAZARD
Psychological hazards - Those that are basically causing stress
to a worker. This kind of hazard troubles an individual very
much to an extent that his general well-being is affected.
EFFECTS :
a) Bullying,
b) Extremely long working hours causing undue stress worker,
c) conflict within co-workers,
d) isolated work,
e) low recognition and rewards.

13. METHODS OF CONTROLLING
HAZARD
The following are control systems to minimize and eliminate hazards
in the workplace.
✔ ELIMINATION - It is the best way to protect workers from the
workplace. It is a strategy based on completely removing a
material or process causing a hazard.
✔ SUBSTITUTION - Replacement of dangerous chemicals,
equipment or work methods with safer and less hazardous ones to
eliminate the hazard altogether.
Example: Replace the high concentrated cleaning products with
less concentrated one.

14. METHODS OF CONTROLLING
HAZARD
✔ ENGINEERING CONTROLS - These are strategies designed to
protect workers from hazardous conditions by placing a barrier
between the worker and the hazard or by removing a hazardous
substance through air ventilation. This involves a physical change to
the workplace itself, rather than relying on workers' behavior or
requiring workers to wear protective clothing.
✔ WORK PRACTICE AND/OR ADMINISTRATIVE
CONTROLS - Work practice controls change the way workers do
their jobs to reduce exposure to hazards. Administrative controls
address how the work is structured, such as work pace and breaks.
Example: Rotating workers to reduce the amount of time they are
exposed to the hazard and providing training.

15. METHODS OF CONTROLLING
HAZARD
✔ PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) -
PPE is the least effective way to protect workers from
workplace hazards. It is an equipment worn to minimize
exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace
injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses may
result from contact with chemical, radiological,
physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace
hazards. Personal protective equipment may include the
following: Gloves, Face Masks, Face Shield, Goggles
and Safety Shoes.

18. Take a picture of you while performing EMERGENCY DRILL or
Responding to Emergency Related-Drill
RUBRICS :
ACCURACY - 10 PTS
COMPLETENESS - 10 PTS
Directions: Identify Hazards at Work
1. Draw a drawing workplace, it must show work areas, equipment, tools etc.
2. When finished, you will decide where hazards are located in the workplace
and mark them. Use the ff. codes:
RED- safety hazards and physical hazards
BLUE- biological hazards and chemical hazards
GREEN- ergonomic and psychological hazards
ACCURACY : 10 PTS
COMPLETION : 5 PTS
NEATNESS AND CREATIVITY - 5
PTS