2. How to Activate
European Citizenship
Problems of;
CHİLDREN
DİSABLED PEOPLE
WOMEN
3. WHO ARE THE DISADVANTAGED
CHILDREN?
THEY ARE;
1. WORKING CHILDREN
2. STREET CHILDREN
3. THE CHILDREN BEING EXPOSED TO
VIOLENCE
4. WORKING CHILDREN
Nineteen percent of children and yougsters , who
are between 6 and 19 , who form about the nineteen
million of the Turkey’s population have been
working . Those kids work as a child-labour in
different sectors especially in farming.
STRATEGIES:
In planning the services and resources , the
needs for growing and participating of kids into
society should be considered.
Regular services for removing the socio-economic
difficulties should be provided as a
solution for the families.
It is a must that the unqualified ones in the
family should be formed as qualified.
Non-governmental organizations should
cooperate actively about child-labour , which
may create sensibility and possessiveness
among larger parts of society
5. STREET CHILDREN
In our country , in big cities it is estimated that
thousands of kids , who escape from familial
violence,pressure and abuse,try to find the
salvation on the streets.
According to the searches ,the 77 percent of
the kids aged between 12-15 and the 19
percent of the kids aged between 6-11 live
mainly on the streets.
Most of the kids belong to the families who
are at the level of sub-socio economics.
Among those kids the usage of cigarette is
widespread.They show bad sides of life
such as sniffing thinner or glue ,theft,
prostitution ,pick-pocketing,etc.
The kids who live on the streets are under
the risks of getting in the hazard habit of
all.In this case they are risky not only for
themselves but also for the parts of all
society.
6. STRATEGIES
The policies should be formed to strengthen the
family care instead of Institution Care.
Giving education to raise the awareness of abuse
and negligence for family members.
Supporting more functional systems in family
planning.
Banning the written and visual media which pervert
the social values.
A local monitoring system should be formed in order
to early-realize the risks on kids.
7. CHILDREN WHO ARE EXPOSED TO
VIOLENCE
Some of the kids who live in
Turkey are surrounded by
violence.Even it has local features
this matter isin’t merely special to
Turkey.
Recent researches indicate that 60
percent of kids in Turkey are
physically punished by their
parents.
Depending on type of violence and
its frequency , violence also badly
affects the kids’ stating
abilities,school performances,being
social and generally emotional
health.
8. STRATEGIES
Regular data and follow-up system about violence
should be formed.
Since violence generally occurs in family
environment, people should be educated.
If the parents commit violence to their children ,the
battered- kids can temporarily be settled in a Social
Service Children Institution.
If the parents keep commiting violence , even they
are warned , they may be fined.
9. CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES
In our country, the large part of responsibilities in child
protection area is the responsibility of Social Services and
Child Protection Institution. Child Care Centre model is
commonly implemented; however,Family Care model has lately
been studied on.
Non-governmental organizations and other institutions have
been busy with such studies.
Some projects are being implemented to put away child-labour
by the Minister of Child-Labour and Social Security.
Turkey Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction has
been maintaining its studies since 2007.
General Directorate of Family and Social Researches have been
doing some researches on violence in family.
10. THE DISABLED PEOPLE
AND THE PROBLEMS
1. EDUCATION
2. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND
TRANSPORTATION
3. EMPLOYMENT
11. THE DISABLED PEOPLES’ RATES IN
The proportion of disability,
2002
A. Toplam- B. Erkek- C. Kadın
Total disabled
population
TURKEY
Orthopedically,
seeing, hearing,
speaking and
mentally
disabled
population
Population having
chronic illnesses
A B C A B C A B C
Türkiye-Turkey
12,2
9 11,10 13,45 2,58 3,05 2,12 9,70 8,05 11,33
12. 1. EDUCATION
For the disabled people, one of the most
important obstacles laying before them to
become integrated with public is the matter
of education.
In all countries ,the education system is
primarly prepared for the abled ones of
the population.
In our country, the education expenses of
the disabled children are covered by the
State.
STRATEGIES:
For the disabled students ergonomic chairs
and desks should be allocated considering
their handicapped condition.
Giving them scholarship should be
encouraged and enhanced .
The quality of education and service in
the rehabilitation centers should be raised
and the control be enhanced.
13. STRATEGIES
--*Disabled and abled students should be encouraged
to become friendly.
--*All sports facilities belong to the State Institutions
and Organizations should be arranged for utilizing
of disabled individuals .
--*They have to be encouraged about taking part in
competitions both nationally and internationally.
--*While designing educational programmes it should
be considered to fit for the disabled citizens.
14. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND TRANSPORTATION
--*Child and adult disabled people have a limited
way of a daily routine urbanized life. In our
cities physical conditions are insufficient for the
disabled people.
--* We have regulations about transportation and
environment in our laws but, nevertheless, we
have boredom with the implementations.
STRATEGIES:
--*The pavements should be cobbled for the blind.
--* Enhancing the public transport vehicles which are
suitable for the wheelchairs.
--*Public elevators should be costructed or
reconstructed for the blind’s utilization.
--* Entrance and exit of the governmental institutions
should be suitable for them.
--*The blind should also be asked while planning
and projecting an urban area.
--*All the areas open to public should be replanned
according to the disabled people.
15. EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS
Constitutionally in a workplace , which has a
number of workers between 50-100, at least 2
percent of number have to be allowed to work.
If the employer has more than one hundred
workers, he has to allow 3 percent of the
number. Nevertheless, the rates are not sufficient.
STRATEGIES:
The workplaces which have an obligation
to employ the disabled people should be
controlled and also,the rate should be
promoted to raise.
The rights given to the employers of the
disabled should be reported to other
employers.
Courses by the Public Education
Management should be supplied and
enhanced.
The rates of employing disabled people
should be enhanced.
For them, new projects on having job
should be done.
16. WOMEN PROBLEMS
• Domestic Violence
• Social and Cultural Pressure
• Gender Discrimination in Education
• Lack of right to work
• Discrimination in the office and
injustice incomes.
17. Domestic Violence
• In the world, 1 of every 3 women is exposed to domestic
violence at least once in her life. In Turkey, this rate is higher
in accordance with other developed countries. Nearly half of
the women throughout Turkey are exposed toviolence.
• According to the experts, the rate of the women who are
exposed to physical violence by their husbands or ex-husbands
is 39%. This rate steps up onto 97% in the suburbs.
The rate of the women who can not tell anybody of the
violence they had is 48,5%. The rate of the ones who can not
apply to any foundation including non-govermental
organization, police or attorney generalship is 92%.
18. Social and Cultural
Pressure
• In Turkey, traditions and religious beliefs limit
women’s behaviours, clothes and life styles.
• Religious beliefs and traditions impose women to
wear properly, to live under the protection of a
man and not to go out much. Women are grown
up in the way that they can not stand on their own
feet. Thereby, they are kept away from education
and work life.
19. Gender Discrimination in
Education
There are nearly 1 million children who
aren’t sent to school although they are at
the age of school. The difference between
genders is 7% in schooling at primary
education level. That means, the number
of the girls who don’t go to school is
600.000 more than the boys’ number at
the same situation.
The most important obstacle for girls’
education is traditional prejudice of
parents which prioritises sons. Most
parents see working at home and
marriage more important than
education when it comes to
daughters.
20. Lack of right to work
• Although it is illegal, at present there
are women working in hard labour.
• Women are seen as cheap labour
force so they earn less than the men
who do the same work.
• Women are exposed to gender
discrimination at in the office.
Discrimination in the office and income injustice
• Because of many reasons ,some women aren’t aloowed to
work. The most important ones are:
• Men don’t want women to earn their own money and have
economic freedom.
• There are a lot of work to do at home for women.
21. STRATEGIES- AND
SOLUTIONS
• In Turkey, there aren’t enough foundations and
organizations which deal with women’s problems.
• Women organizations need to spread to the base
by following active politics.
• Participation of women to the work world, policy
and management should be encouraged by
applying woman quota.
• Women rights matter should take place in
education.
