tissue culture, a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. The cultured tissue may consist of a single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an organ.
Applications include:
micropropagation using meristem and shoot culture to produce large numbers of identical individuals.
screening programmes of cells, rather than plants for advantageous characters.
large-scale growth of plant cells in liquid culture as a source of secondary products.
Plant biotechnology also known as green biotechnology is the use of biotechnology in plant or crop production. There are several techniques used such as ell culturing. Organ culture, explant culture, cell suspension culture are some culture types. This is a very useful technology in which have several applications like synthetic seed production, somaclonal variation, cybridization, hybridization.
tissue culture, a method of biological research in which fragments of tissue from an animal or plant are transferred to an artificial environment in which they can continue to survive and function. The cultured tissue may consist of a single cell, a population of cells, or a whole or part of an organ.
Applications include:
micropropagation using meristem and shoot culture to produce large numbers of identical individuals.
screening programmes of cells, rather than plants for advantageous characters.
large-scale growth of plant cells in liquid culture as a source of secondary products.
Plant biotechnology also known as green biotechnology is the use of biotechnology in plant or crop production. There are several techniques used such as ell culturing. Organ culture, explant culture, cell suspension culture are some culture types. This is a very useful technology in which have several applications like synthetic seed production, somaclonal variation, cybridization, hybridization.
Definition of hairy root culture ,multiple shoot culture ,Production of hairy root and multiple shoot , advantages an disadvantages of hairy root and multiple shoot culture, Sterilization and sterilizing agents wit concentration and exposure time
Mass multiplication procedure for tissue culture and PTC requirementDr. Deepak Sharma
This presentation include basic Micropropagation protocol: Application and advantages of mass multiplication. Beside this the requirement of tissue culture are there (Nutrient, gelling agent, energy source, vitamins and PGRs) are also included.
The ability of an explant to regenerate into a whole plant under in vitro asceptic conditions by providing a proper artificial nutrient medium is called as Plant Tissue Culture.
this presentation cover the topics of cell biotechnology and plant tissue culture. the basic terms used in plant cell culture are used and then different types of culture media and methods are discussed including cell suspension and callus culture,
Micropropagation and commercial exploitation in horticulture cropsDheeraj Sharma
Micro-propagation – principles and concepts, commercial exploitation in horticultural crops. Techniques - in vitro clonal propagation, direct organogenesis, embryogenesis, micrografting, meristem culture. Hardening, packing and transport of micro-propagules.
Plant Tissue Culture stage iii rootingKAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Techniques of Plant Tissue Culture
Micro propagation
Stages involved in micro propagation
Rooting
Function of Auxin
Hardening
Conclusion
References
The term plant tissue culture broadly refers to the in vitro cultivation of plants, seeds, plant parts (tissues, embryos, single cells, protoplasts etc.) on nutrient medium under aseptic
conditions.
Or
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition.
Tissue culture involves the use of small pieces of plant tissue (explants) which are cultured in a nutrient medium under sterile conditions. Tissue culture is in vitro maintenance and propagation of isolated cells tissues or organs in an appropriate artificial environment.
Definition of hairy root culture ,multiple shoot culture ,Production of hairy root and multiple shoot , advantages an disadvantages of hairy root and multiple shoot culture, Sterilization and sterilizing agents wit concentration and exposure time
Mass multiplication procedure for tissue culture and PTC requirementDr. Deepak Sharma
This presentation include basic Micropropagation protocol: Application and advantages of mass multiplication. Beside this the requirement of tissue culture are there (Nutrient, gelling agent, energy source, vitamins and PGRs) are also included.
The ability of an explant to regenerate into a whole plant under in vitro asceptic conditions by providing a proper artificial nutrient medium is called as Plant Tissue Culture.
this presentation cover the topics of cell biotechnology and plant tissue culture. the basic terms used in plant cell culture are used and then different types of culture media and methods are discussed including cell suspension and callus culture,
Micropropagation and commercial exploitation in horticulture cropsDheeraj Sharma
Micro-propagation – principles and concepts, commercial exploitation in horticultural crops. Techniques - in vitro clonal propagation, direct organogenesis, embryogenesis, micrografting, meristem culture. Hardening, packing and transport of micro-propagules.
Plant Tissue Culture stage iii rootingKAUSHAL SAHU
Introduction
Techniques of Plant Tissue Culture
Micro propagation
Stages involved in micro propagation
Rooting
Function of Auxin
Hardening
Conclusion
References
The term plant tissue culture broadly refers to the in vitro cultivation of plants, seeds, plant parts (tissues, embryos, single cells, protoplasts etc.) on nutrient medium under aseptic
conditions.
Or
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition.
Tissue culture involves the use of small pieces of plant tissue (explants) which are cultured in a nutrient medium under sterile conditions. Tissue culture is in vitro maintenance and propagation of isolated cells tissues or organs in an appropriate artificial environment.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
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The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
3. INTRODUCTION
Conservation of medicinal plants deals with the
controlled utilization & official supervision in order to
preserve or protect them.
Acc to WHO, as many as 80% of the world’s population
depends on traditional herbal medicine for their primary
health care needs.
Today many medicinal plants face extinction or severe
genetic loss.
Tissue culture is one of the many techniques in
biotechnology which can be used for the conservation of
such medicinal plants.
4
4. Gottlieb Haberlandt, pioneer of plant tissue culture.
Murashige & Skoog medium, an important plant growth
medium.
5
5. WHATDOWE MEAN BYTISSUE
CULTURE ???
5
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques
used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or
organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture
medium of known composition.
6. It is widely used to produce clones of a plant in
a method known as Micropropagation.
6
7. 7
MURASHIGE & SKOOG MEDIUM
Murashige & Skoog medium(MSO/MS0) is a plant
growth medium used in laboratories for the cultivation
of plant cell culture.
Invented by Plant scientists Toshio Murashige & Folke
K.Skoog in 1962 during Murashige’s search for new
plant growth regulator.
A number behind the letters MS is used to indicate the
sucrose concentration of the medium.
11. 11
DISADVANTAGES
It is labour intensive & expensive process.
All plants cannot be successfully tissue cultured.
It is usually because the medium of growth is not known.
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TYPES OF TISSUE CULTURE
Plant tissue culture includes two major methods
A. Type of in vitro growth- Callus & Suspension
cultures.
B. Type of Explant-
Single cell culture
Shoot & root culture
Somatic embryo culture
Meristem culture
Anther culture & haploid production
Protoplast culture & somatic hybridization
Embryo culture, Ovule culture, Ovary culture
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CHOICE OF EXPLANT
The tissue obtained from a plant to be cultured is called
an Explant.
In a totipotent, explant can be collected from any part of
the plant.
In many plants, explants of various organs vary in their
rate of growth & regeneration.
The choice of explant material also determines if the
plantlets developed via tissue culture are haploid/diploid.
17. TECHNIQUES
STERILIZATION OF EXPLANTS
EXPLANTS ARE PLACED OVER SOLID/LIQUID MEDIUM
PROFOUND EFFECT ON THE MORPHOLOGY OFTISSUES
CULTURES GROW
PIECES ARE TYPICALLY SLICED OFF &TRANSFERRED TO NEWMEDIA
SHOOTS EMERGE FROM CULTURE
PERFORMED UNDER ASEPTIC CONDITIONS UNDER HEPA
FILTERED AIR PROVIDED BY ALAMINAR FLOW CABINET
22
18. MAY BE SLICED OFF
MATURED ONE ARE TRANSFERRED TO POTTING SOIL FOR
FURTHER GROWTH IN THE GREEN HOUSE AS NORMAL PLANTS
23
20. 27
potential
The specific differences in the regeneration
include:
*Differences in the stage of the cells in the cell cycle.
endogenous growth
*Availability or ability to transport
regulators.
*Metabolic capabilities of the cells
The most commonly used tissue explants are the
meristematic ends of the plants like the stem tip, auxillary
bud tip & root tip.
These tissues have high rates of cell division & produce
required growth regulating substances including auxins &
cytokinins.
21. 28
Shoot culture : Performed in 4 stages for mass
production of plantlets through in vitro vegetative
multiplication
Organogenesis : Common method of
Micropropagation that involves tissue regeneration of
adventitious organs/axillary buds directly or indirectly
from the explants.
Non-zygotic embryogenesis: Important pathway for
producing somaclonal variants, developing artificial
seeds & synthesizing metabolites.
22. 29
APPLICATIONS
The commercial production of plants which uses
meristem & shoot culture to produce large numbers of
identical individuals.
To conserve rare or endangered plant species.
A plant breeder may use tissue culture to screen cells
rather than plants for advantageous characters.
Large scale growth of plants in liquid culture in
bioreactors for the production of valuable compounds.
To cross distantly related species by protoplast fusion &
regeneration of the novel hybrid.
23. 30
To rapidly study the molecular basis for physiological,
biochemical & reproductive mechanisms in plants.
To cross pollinate distantly related species & then tissue
culture the resulting embryo which would otherwise
normally die (Embryo Rescue)
For chromosome doubling & induction of polyploidy.
As a tissue for transformation, followed by either short
term testing of genetic constructs or regeneration of
transgenic plants.
Certain techniques such as meristem tip culture can be
used to produce clean plant material from virused stock.
24. 31
HAIRY ROOT CULTURE
It is also called Transformed root culture.
It is used to study plant metabolic processes or to
produce valuable secondary metabolites or recombinant
proteins, often with plant genetic engineering.
A naturally occurring soil bacterium that contains root
inducing plasmids can infect plant roots & cause them
to produce a food source for the bacterium & to grow
abnormally.
25. 32
The abnormal roots are particularly easy to culture in
artificial media because hormones are not needed.
These roots will be having a high growth rate as well
as genetic & biochemical stability.
It is also used for regeneration of whole plants & for the
production of artificial seeds.
29. 40
CONCLUSION
It is important for a researcher to be ethical while
performing Tissue Culture, as this technique comes
with great responsibility
Plant tissue Culture is meant to produce products that
are useful to the human kind or the ecosystem.
Plant tissue culture is our hope to end world hunger.
However when it comes to manipulating a living
organism many ethical issues will arise.
Hence, this technique must be performed with caution
to minimize the risks while capitalizing on the benefits.