Tidal energy is generated from tidal barrages and tidal turbine systems. Tidal barrages take advantage of differences in high and low tides using dams to block water, which is then released through turbines. Tidal turbines similar to wind turbines are placed underwater in areas with strong coastal currents. India has potential for tidal energy generation along its 7500 km coastline, with estimates of 7000 MW possible in the Gulf of Khambhat and 1200 MW in the Gulf of Kutch. The largest existing tidal power plants are the 254 MW Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station in South Korea and the 240 MW La Rance plant in France.

1. G.L BAJAJ INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT,
GR. NOIDA
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Prepared By
Mr. VISHAL SHANKAR SRIVASTAV
(Asst. Prof. )
1
Topic – Tidal Energy Conversion

2. Content
• Introduction
• Working
• Types
• Advantages and disadvantages
• Applications
• References
2

3. Introduction (Tide)
• Tides are periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans due to various
positions of rotating moon and sun.
• Tides are produced by gravitational attraction of the moon and the sun acting
on the rotating earth.
• As moon is nearer to the earth, the gravitational pull of moon is about 2.33
times stronger than that of the sun.
• The difference in the level between the high and the low tide is called the tidal
range and tidal range of 5–l5 m can be easily used to drive turbine coupled
with generator to generate electric power.
• Seawater is much denser than air; therefore the kinetic energy available is
much greater than air.

4. Tidal Energy Conversion Technologies.
1. Barrage [5]
Tidal barrage power systems take
advantage of differences
between high tides and low
tides by using a “barrage,” or type
of dam, to block
receding water during ebb periods.
At low tide, water behind the
barrage is released, and the water
passes through a turbine that
generates electricity.
Fig:1 Barrage Type Tidal power plant [6]

5. 2. Turbine Type Tidal Power Plant
• Tidal turbines are very similar
to wind turbines, except are
located underwater. They are
arranged in rows and work well
where coastal currents are
between 3.6 - 4.9 knots or 4 -5.5
miles per hour. Tidal turbines
are much heavier than wind
turbines as they must be built
much sturdier to withstand the
pressure and strong forces of the
sea, but they are able to catch
more energy.[6]
Fig:2 Turbine Type Tidal power plant [9]

6. Advantages of Tide[2]
1. Tidal power is a known green energy source, at least in terms of emitting zero
greenhouse gases.
2. It also doesn’t take up that much space.
3. Tidal power is predictable because the gravitational forces of celestial bodies
are not going to stop anytime soon.
4. Seawater is 832 times as dense as air; therefore the kinetic energy available is
much greater than air.
5. Tidal energy is available worldwide on a large scale from deep ocean waters.
6. Tidally driven coastal currents provide an energy density four times greater
than air.

7. Disadvantage
1. Environmental risk such as change in local current and sediment patterns,
risk to marine animals, leakage of hydraulic fluids and visual impacts.
2. Tidal fences could present some difficulty to migrating fish.
3. Multitude of legislation which governs Marine energy projects.
Complexity in project approval and management.

8. Tidal Power Plant in The World[5]
• The total energy contained in tides worldwide is 3,000 gigawatts (GW;
billion watts), though estimates of how much of that energy is available for
power generation by tidal barrages are between 120 and 400 GW,
depending on the location and the potential for conversion.
• The largest tidal power station in the world is the Sihwa Lake Tidal Power
Station in South Korea, which generates 254 MW of electricity.
• A tidal barrage power station at La Rance in France has been operating
since the 1960s, with 240 MW of capacity; its typical output is 0.5
terawatt-hour per year.
• Larger electricity generation efforts are on the horizon; for example, the
first phase of the MeyGen project in Scotland’s Inner Sound generated 700
megawatt-hours of electricity in August 2017.

9. Tidal Power Plant in India
• As of March 2017, India announced of its 7500 Km long coastline,
where the height of high tide was recorded over 5 metres higher than
the low tide which can essentially capture the potential tidal power.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy estimated that the
country can produce 7000 MW of power in the Gulf of Khambhat in
Gujarat, 1200 MW of power in the Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat and about
100 MW of power in the Gangetic delta of Sundarbans in West
Bengal[7].
• The Gujarat government is all set to develop India’s first tidal energy
plant. The state government has approved Rs 25 crore for setting up
the 50 MW plant at the Gulf of Kutch[8].

10. References
1. NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES, by - G.S. Sawhney,
PHL learning publication -2012
2. Https://www.Power-technology.Com/features/tidal-energy-advantages-
and-disadvantages/
3. https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/tidal_energy_v4_
web.pdf
4. http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/Courseware/Class-ME909-ME922-
ME927/Presentations/tidal.pdf
5. https://www.britannica.com/science/internal-energy
6. https://www.energizect.com/untitled-tab-458
7. https://www.toppr.com/bytes/tidal-energy-in-india/
8. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/energy/gujarat-set-to-develop-
india-s-first-tidal-energy-plant-38042
9. https://www.woodharbinger.com/tidal-energy-sustainable-resource/