thyroid gland and its secretions and effects of hypo or hyper secretion

1. THYROID GLAND
Dr. SaBa Qureshi

2. INTRODUCTION
• An endocrine gland
• Large ductless gland
• Secretes its secretions in blood directly
• Present in front of trachea in throat

4. STRUTURE
•Is butterfly shaped organ
•2 inches long
•Below the prominence of thyroid cartilage
•Is composed of two lobes joined by isthmus.

5. CONTINUED
• So we can say it has following components
1. Right lobe
2. Left lobe
3. Isthmus
• NOTE
• Some people don’t have isthmus and have two individual lobes of
thyroid gland that is an exception that must be remembered

7. FUNCTIONS
• Secretes two main hormones
1. T3
2. T4
These hormones play part in metabolism of body

8. FUNCTIONS OF T3 AND T4
1. regulate your body's temperature
2. Regulates your body’s metabolism
3. Regulates heart rate
4. Play part in growth and development of the body
5. Regulates the Breathing process
6. Regulates the functioning of Central and peripheral nervous system
7. Regulates the Body weight

9. CONTINUED…..
1. Regulates the Muscle strength
2. Regulates the Menstrual cycle
3. Regulates the Cholestrol level
4. Influence the rate at which food moves through the digestive tract
5. Control the rate at which dying cells are replaced.

10. REGULATION OF LEVEL OF THYROID GLAND
• The level of thyroid gland is regulated by
• THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE
• That is released by pituitary gland(the master gland)

11. DISEASES DUE TO DEFFICIENCY OF THYROID
GLAND
• Disease dur to hypothyroidism are
1. Cretinism in neonates
2. Myxedema in adults
3. Goiter

12. Cretinism

13. Myxedema

14. Goiter

15. DISEASE DUE TO HYPERSECRETION OF
THYROID HORMONES
• Graves disease