Therapeutic diets are meal plans that control intake of certain foods or nutrients, especially for patients with digestive, kidney, or metabolic issues. Therapeutic diets modify energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, iron, calcium, salt, vitamins, and fluid intake based on a patient's condition. Examples include high protein diets for liver conditions; low carbohydrate diets for diabetes; low purine diets for gout; high calcium diets for rickets; and sodium restriction for hypertension. The document provides detailed examples of therapeutic diet modifications for various medical conditions.

1. INDICATIONS FOR THERAPEUTIC DIET

2. THERAPEUTIC DIET
• A meal plan that controls the intake of certain foods or
nutrients.
• It applies especially to patients with digestive system,
kidney and metabolism disturbances.

3. Energy Modification
1. A high diet joule diet
It is used in emaciated patients especially Tuberculosis
patients.
2. Low joule diet(reducing fat)
used for obesity accompanied by diabetes mellitus, renal
failure, cardiac failure and hypertension

4. Protein Modification
1. High protein diet
Used for cirrhosis of the liver without liver failure, malignant
malnutrition , after head injury, before and after major
operations, deep and extensive burns.
2. Low protein diet
Used for acute nephritis and renal failure and liver failure
3. Gluten free diet
Used in coeliac disease of the children and adults.

5. 4. A low purine diet
Consists of ample fluids and various medication.
Used in management of chronic hyperuricaemia
5. Purine free diet
Consist of milk and vegetables
Used in acute stage of gout.

6. Carbohydrate modification
1. High carbohydrate diet
Used for febrile disease, infective hepatitis and emaciation.
2. Low carbohydrate diet
Used in diabetes mellitus, anaemia and coeliac disease.
3. Lactose free diets
Used for patients with lactase deficiency (alctasia)

7. Fat modification
1. High fat diet
Used for peptic ulcer.
2. Low fat diet
Used for obesity, gout, cirrhosis of the liver
3. Diet low in animal fats and cholesterol
Used for chronic cholecystitis, skin disease and diabetes
mellitus.

8. Iron modification
1. Diet rich in iron
Used in anaemia and scurvy
Calcium modification
1. Diet low in calcium
Used for hypercalcaemia
2. Diet rich in calcium
Used for rickets and tetany tuberculosis

9. Salt modification
1.Sodium restriction diet
Used for patients with hypertension.
2.A diet with increased salt intake
Used for Addison’s disease; after excessive vomiting, during
excessive perspiring.

10. Vitamin modification
1. Diet rich in vitamins B and K
Used for typhoid fever, anaemia and peptic ulcer
2. Diet rich in vitamin C
Used for scurvy , after operation and injuries and fractures
3. Diet rich in vitamin B
Used for congestive cardiac failure, stomatitis.

11. Fluid modification
1. Restricted fluids
Used for acute nephritis, anuria and nephritis
2. Increased fluids
Used for dehydration , diarrhea, pyrexia.