Theories of counseling Michelle Colarusso, Ph. D., LPC h.docx
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Theories of counseling Michelle Colarusso, Ph. D., LPC history Freud Oedipus Complex Ellis ”Inversion” Morality/Religion vs. Science and Medicine Change in viewpoint History Stonewall 1969 Manhattan, NY Nature vs. Nurture What has the most influence? Therapy DSM Diagnosis: ego-dystonic homosexual Homosexuality as a Disorder (1973) Gender Dysphoria – DSM-V Aversion Therapy Theoretical Orientations- Humanistic vs. Psychoanalytical Reparative Therapy Gay Affirmative Therapy Therapist/Self Awareness Dichotomous Thinking Countertransference/Transference “Help to get out of your own way” Bias/Values/Morals Clinical Practice Michelle Colarusso, Ph.D., LPC Heterosexism Assumptions Political Views Social Views Legal Views Privilege Affirmation vs. alienation Not disclosing your own sexual orientation when asked Denying your own homophobia or heterosexism Not offering resources Heteronormative Paperwork Using Wrong Terminology Affirmation vs. alienation “Blank” Therapeutic Style Neglecting to recognize gay clients have been gay since childhood Waiting Room without LGBT literature “Couple is a Couple” Failing to assess coming out Homophobia Homophobia definition has evolved: “track, your clients and yourself, attitudes that are homonegative, homoprejudice, and homo-ignorant” Homoavoidence Offended/Self-Conscious “Don’t ask don’t tell” Microaggression Microaggressions are the everyday encounters of subtle discrimination that people of various marginalized groups experience throughout their lives - (Sue et al., 2007) Unintentional the perpetrator may be aware of their actions, but may not realize the negative impact they may have on people Unconscious the perpetrator doesn’t even know they did something Microaggression Examples: Use of heterosexist or transphobic terminology Endorsement of heteronormative culture and behaviors Assumption of universal LGBTQ experience Discomfort or disapproval of LGBTQ experience Assumption of sexual pathology or abnormality Denial of bodily privacy Others? Internalized homophobia Oppression related to sexuality Presenting as anxious, depressed, withdrawn, isolating, etc. Shame = Silence Need to know what to look for Mental Health disorders Mental health disorders Misdiagnosis vs. Identity Crisis Borderline Personality Disorder Narcissistic Personality Disorder Avoidant Personality Disorder Depression/Anxiety Disorders Bipolar/Mood Disorders Addictions OCD ...
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217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11084-016
Resolution of Inner Conflict: An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Therapy (2nd
Ed.), by F. Auld, M. Hyman, and D. Rudzinski
Copyright © 2005 American Psychological Association. All rights reserved.
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218 SPECIAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOANALYTIC PRACTICE
misunderstand the psychological functioning of women, the argument runs, a
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16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola
16
How Is Therapy
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217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11084-016
Resolution of Inner Conflict: An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Therapy (2nd
Ed.), by F. Auld, M. Hyman, and D. Rudzinski
Copyright © 2005 American Psychological Association. All rights reserved.
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t
Am
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218 SPECIAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOANALYTIC PRACTICE
misunderstand the psychological functioning of women, the argument runs, a
therapy th ...
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Chamberlain College of Nursing NR449 Evidence-Based Practice
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Assignment
Criteria
Points % Description
Clinical Question 45 28 1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work?
2. Significance of the problem is described. What health
outcomes result from your problem? Or what statistics
document this is a problem? You may find support on
websites for government or professional organizations.
3. What is your PICOT question?
4. Purpose o.
1) Create a chart using a tool of your choice.Include anno.docx
1)
Create a chart using a tool of your choice.
Include annotation features as defined in Chapter 8. Make sure to select appropriate colors for the chart as explained in chapter 9. Explain the reading guide, chart apparatus, labels, legends, caption and color used. If none is used explained why.
2)
Talk about the charts annotation features and the Goldilocks principle (if annotation is too much or too little)
.
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Mental health issues are more prevalent in the LGBT community compared to heterosexual individuals. Some reasons for this include lack of acceptance leading to bullying, difficulties with self-acceptance and coming out, less stable same-sex relationships, and pressures to conform to gender norms. Inadequate mental health services also contribute, as providers often lack training about LGBT issues and clients face discrimination. Improving services requires educating providers, hiring LGBT staff, and making LGBT healthcare a priority.
Humanistic
The humanistic perspective in psychology emphasizes empathy, equality, and helping individuals improve their self-image and self-actualization. It focuses on the subjective experiences of individuals and rejects scientific methods in favor of qualitative research. Examples of the humanistic perspective include gestalt therapy, family therapy, and encouraging individuals to focus on their strengths rather than faults. The humanistic perspective views all humans as having equal worth and capacity for growth.
Therapeutic Censorship vs. Intellectual Freedom
This document discusses the shift from traditional censorship models to a "therapeutic culture" model in America and its implications for intellectual freedom. It defines censorship as the suppression of ideas that some find offensive in order to impose personal or moral values on others. Under the therapeutic model, censorship occurs in the name of promoting harmony by restricting speech that threatens how people get along, or in the name of preventing trauma by restricting speech that could cause people to relive or recall past trauma. The document argues that censorship takes away intellectual freedom and the open exchange of ideas. It quotes others who recognize the importance of protecting free speech for groups across the political spectrum.
Sociocultural approach
The sociocultural approach focuses on how ethnicity, gender, and culture influence personality formation. It examines the differences between individualism, which prioritizes individual freedom, and collectivism, which prioritizes group affiliation. Psychologist Carl Rogers contributed to this perspective by noting that self-concepts reflect beliefs about how others see us, and that unconditional positive regard from therapists can facilitate personality change in clients. The sociocultural approach provides insights into how social and cultural factors shape self-concept and self-esteem over time. It enhances understanding of differences between cultures.
Culture, Knowledge and its types
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Lgb tpowerpoint
This document provides definitions and discusses common stereotypes and myths related to homosexuality and the LGBT community. It seeks to clarify terms like gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender. It aims to dispel false stereotypes, such as the ideas that homosexuality is a choice, gays recruit others or are promiscuous, and that gay people are unhappy or against family values. The document challenges common religious myths by examining biblical passages often cited in relation to homosexuality. Overall, it presents factual information to help readers understand issues around sexual orientation and gender identity.
Brownpresentation
Spitzer conducted a study to determine if reparative therapy could help individuals change their sexual orientation from predominantly homosexual to predominantly heterosexual. The study interviewed 200 participants who reported this change following therapy. However, critics argue the study had significant biases and limitations, including relying on self-reported data over a long period of time without ensuring participant confidentiality. The study also failed to clearly define key terms like sexual orientation and desires. As a result, the validity of Spitzer's findings that reparative therapy can successfully change sexual orientation is questionable.
The Social Psychological Theory by Karen Horney
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An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
This document discusses how psychologists can demonstrate respect for both sexual orientation and religion as legitimate aspects of diversity. It notes that while guidelines emphasize respecting sexual orientation, conservative religious expressions are often overlooked. The document identifies five key issues viewed differently by gay-affirmative theorists and conservative religious persons: appraisal of same-sex behavior, the existence of "ex-gays," "ex-ex-gays," reorientation therapies/ministries, and research on changing sexual orientation. It argues psychologists should respect both perspectives as legitimate expressions of diversity.
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Persons:
The Case of Same-Sex Attraction and Behavior
Mark A. Yarhouse and Lori A. Burkett
Regent University
How should psychologists demonstrate respect for religion as an aspect of diversity when that aspect of
diversity seems inconsistent with another form of diversity? This is a striking challenge when considering
conservative expressions of religion in relation to a person’s experience of same-sex attraction and
behavior. This article (a) asserts that conservative religion is a legitimate, though often overlooked,
expression of diversity; (b) identifies ways in which gay-integrative theorists and conservative religious
persons fail to appreciate each other’s perspective; and (c) presents a continuum of service delivery
options to expand clinical services to persons who experience same-sex attraction.
How should psychologists respond to persons who enter therapy
distressed by their experiences of same-sex attraction? Does it
matter if a person experiences distress about his or her same-sex
attractions and behavior due to a religious valuative framework? In
other words, how do psychologists balance respect for both sexual
orientation and religion as legitimate aspects of diversity?
Thoughtful, scientifically informed responses to these questions
are often lost in the debates surrounding reorientation therapies
and ex-gay1 religion-based ministries.
Respecting Religion as an Aspect of Diversity
There has been a rather dramatic interest in religion and spiri-
tuality in the last few years, both in the public interest and in
psychological circles. The American Psychological Association
(APA) has published valuable resources on religion and spiritual-
ity, including books by Shafranske (1996) and Richards and Ber-
gin (1997, 2000). Other publishers have done the same (e.g.,
Emmons, 1999). What is implied by the availability of these
resources, we believe, is that religion is an important expression of
diversity. Just as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, gen-
der, and sexual orientation are legitimate expressions of diversity,
so too is religion.
The Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct of
the APA (1992; henceforth referred to as the Ethics Code) clearly
includes religion among many areas of diversity that psychologists
are to respect. For example, General Principle D: Respect for
Rights and Dignity calls for psychologists to aspire to “accord
respect to the fundamental rights, dignity, and worth of all peo-
ple . . . . Psychologists are aware of cultural, individual, and role
differences, including those due to . . . religion . . .” (APA, 1992,
p. 3). The Ethics Code also includes respect for others: “In their
work-related activities, psychologists respect the rights of others to
hold values, attitudes, and opinions that differ from their own”
(Standard 1.09; APA, 1992, p. 5).
But what does “respecting” religion as an area of diversity
entail? At a basi.
Abraham maslow
This document provides a biography and overview of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. It discusses Maslow's life and education, leading to his interest in human motivation and development of the hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy consists of basic physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. It describes the characteristics that Maslow identified in self-actualized individuals based on his studies of historical figures.
Abraham maslow
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Theories of personality
Personality is defined as characteristic behaviors, cognitions, and emotions that develop from biological and environmental factors. There are many theories that attempt to explain personality, including trait-based theories and psychodynamic theories. The document discusses two main types of personality - Type A and Type B. Type A personalities are characterized as competitive, time-urgent, and hostile/aggressive, while Type B personalities are more relaxed, patient, and easygoing. The theory of Type A personality originated from research linking certain behavioral patterns to increased risk of heart disease. Empirical research found that Type A individuals were nearly twice as likely to develop heart disease compared to Type B individuals. However, the theory of Type A/B personalities has been criticized for
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16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola.docx
16
How Is Therapy
With Women Different?
Feminist scholars have raised questions about the psychotherapy of women
that have to be considered if we are to know whether the recommendations
made in earlier chapters apply to the therapy of women as well as to the therapy
of men, and if we are to know how therapy should be carried out depending on
whether the client is a man or a woman.
Because feminist scholars—like scholars in any orientation—do not always
agree with each other, the opinions of the feminists that we cite should not be
taken as presenting the views of all, or even of a majority of, feminists. Further-
more, we want to make clear that we are not citing the views of feminists to
contradict them. Rather, we cite these views because we want to consider them
seriously; and the reader will find that we agree with many of these opinions.
Sigmund Freud's views on the psychology of women changed during his
lifetime. In the chapter on femininity in his New Introductory Lectures (1932/
1964c) he softened the distinction he had previously made between the "active"
man and the "passive" woman; he said, "I shall conclude that you have decided
in your own minds to make 'active' coincide with 'masculine' and 'passive' with
'feminine.' But I advise you against it. It seems to me to serve no useful purpose
and adds nothing to our knowledge" (p. 115). Acknowledging his incomplete
understanding, Freud had conceded in an earlier work, "after all, the sexual life
of adult women is a 'dark continent' for psychology" (1926/1959b, p. 212).
Keeping in mind these limitations, we proceed with our survey of feminist
and of psychoanalytic views. We acknowledge that the disparagement of psy-
choanalysis because it supposedly devalues women is less hotly debated in this
new millennium than it was when the first edition of this book was published—
not, we think, because psychoanalysis is better thought of, or because it is bet-
ter understood that psychoanalysis does not devalue women, but because many
people have decided that psychoanalysis is dead. As we hope has been well
proven in the preceding chapters, psychoanalysis remains a vital and effective
method of therapy. For this reason, it is still relevant to discuss issues sur-
rounding women and psychoanalytic therapy.
Criticisms of Psychoanalytic Theory and Therapy
Some writers (e.g., Chesler, 1972; Friedman, 1979) have argued that Freud
altogether misunderstood the psychological functioning of women. If Freud did
217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11084-016
Resolution of Inner Conflict: An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Therapy (2nd
Ed.), by F. Auld, M. Hyman, and D. Rudzinski
Copyright © 2005 American Psychological Association. All rights reserved.
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py
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gh
t
Am
er
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sy
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ol
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al
A
ss
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ia
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on
.
No
t
fo
r
fu
rt
he
r
di
st
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bu
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on
.
218 SPECIAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOANALYTIC PRACTICE
misunderstand the psychological functioning of women, the argument runs, a
therapy th.
16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola
16
How Is Therapy
With Women Different?
Feminist scholars have raised questions about the psychotherapy of women
that have to be considered if we are to know whether the recommendations
made in earlier chapters apply to the therapy of women as well as to the therapy
of men, and if we are to know how therapy should be carried out depending on
whether the client is a man or a woman.
Because feminist scholars—like scholars in any orientation—do not always
agree with each other, the opinions of the feminists that we cite should not be
taken as presenting the views of all, or even of a majority of, feminists. Further-
more, we want to make clear that we are not citing the views of feminists to
contradict them. Rather, we cite these views because we want to consider them
seriously; and the reader will find that we agree with many of these opinions.
Sigmund Freud's views on the psychology of women changed during his
lifetime. In the chapter on femininity in his New Introductory Lectures (1932/
1964c) he softened the distinction he had previously made between the "active"
man and the "passive" woman; he said, "I shall conclude that you have decided
in your own minds to make 'active' coincide with 'masculine' and 'passive' with
'feminine.' But I advise you against it. It seems to me to serve no useful purpose
and adds nothing to our knowledge" (p. 115). Acknowledging his incomplete
understanding, Freud had conceded in an earlier work, "after all, the sexual life
of adult women is a 'dark continent' for psychology" (1926/1959b, p. 212).
Keeping in mind these limitations, we proceed with our survey of feminist
and of psychoanalytic views. We acknowledge that the disparagement of psy-
choanalysis because it supposedly devalues women is less hotly debated in this
new millennium than it was when the first edition of this book was published—
not, we think, because psychoanalysis is better thought of, or because it is bet-
ter understood that psychoanalysis does not devalue women, but because many
people have decided that psychoanalysis is dead. As we hope has been well
proven in the preceding chapters, psychoanalysis remains a vital and effective
method of therapy. For this reason, it is still relevant to discuss issues sur-
rounding women and psychoanalytic therapy.
Criticisms of Psychoanalytic Theory and Therapy
Some writers (e.g., Chesler, 1972; Friedman, 1979) have argued that Freud
altogether misunderstood the psychological functioning of women. If Freud did
217
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11084-016
Resolution of Inner Conflict: An Introduction to Psychoanalytic Therapy (2nd
Ed.), by F. Auld, M. Hyman, and D. Rudzinski
Copyright © 2005 American Psychological Association. All rights reserved.
Co
py
ri
gh
t
Am
er
ic
an
P
sy
ch
ol
og
ic
al
A
ss
oc
ia
ti
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.
No
t
fo
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fu
rt
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r
di
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bu
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on
.
218 SPECIAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOANALYTIC PRACTICE
misunderstand the psychological functioning of women, the argument runs, a
therapy th ...
Kohlberg p resentation2
Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist best known for his theory of stages of moral development. He believed that moral reasoning evolved through six stages, from a focus on obedience and punishment avoidance, to social norms and laws, to universal ethical principles. Kohlberg conducted extensive interviews using moral dilemmas, like whether to steal a drug to save a life, to study moral reasoning. While influential, his work has also received criticism for being too focused on Western individualism and downplaying family/cultural influences on moral development.
Similar to Theories of counseling Michelle Colarusso, Ph. D., LPC h.docx (18)
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
An Inclusive Response to LGB and Conservative Religious Person.docx
Transgender Awareness In America Final Presentation
Transgender Awareness In America Final Presentation
16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola.docx
16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola.docx
16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola
16How Is TherapyWith Women DifferentFeminist schola
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Chamberlain College of Nursing NR449 Evidence-Based Practice
NR449 RUA Topic Search Strategy.docx Revised 07/25/16 1
Required Uniform Assignment: Topic Search Strategy
PURPOSE
The Topic Search Strategy Paper is the first of three related assignments which are due in Unit 3. The purpose of
this initial paper is to briefly describe your search strategies when identifying two articles that pertain to an
evidence-based practice topic of interest.
COURSE OUTCOMES
This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes.
CO 1: Examine the sources of knowledge that contribute to professional nursing practice. (PO #7)
CO 2: Apply research principles to the interpretation of the content of published research studies. (POs #4 and
#8)
DUE DATE
Refer to the course calendar for due date. The college’s Late Assignment policy applies to this activity.
POINTS POSSIBLE
This assignment is worth 160 points. The college’s Late Assignment policy applies to this activity.
REQUIREMENTS
You will be assigned a group in unit 2 (located in the team collaboration tab) to formulate an evidence-based
practice topic of interest that will be used to complete the unit 3 and unit 5 independent assignments, as well as
the group PowerPoint presentation in unit 7.
The paper will include the following.
a. Clinical Question
a. Describe problem
b. Significance of problem in terms of outcomes or statistics
c. Your PICOT question in support of the group topic
d. Purpose of your paper
b. Levels of Evidence
a. Type of question asked
b. Best evidence found to answer question
c. Search Strategy
a. Search terms
b. Databases used (you may use Google Scholar in addition to the library databases; start with
the Library)
c. Refinement decisions made
d. Identification of two most relevant articles
d. Format
a. Correct grammar and spelling
b. Use of headings for each section
c. Use of APA format (sixth edition)
d. Page length: three to four pages
PREPARING THE PAPER
1. Please make sure you do not duplicate articles within your group.
2. Paper should include a title page and a reference page.
Chamberlain College of Nursing NR449 Evidence-Based Practice
NR449 RUA Topic Search Strategy.docx Revised 07/25/16 2
DIRECTIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CRITERIA
Assignment
Criteria
Points % Description
Clinical Question 45 28 1. Problem is described. What is the focus of your group’s work?
2. Significance of the problem is described. What health
outcomes result from your problem? Or what statistics
document this is a problem? You may find support on
websites for government or professional organizations.
3. What is your PICOT question?
4. Purpose o.
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2)
Talk about the charts annotation features and the Goldilocks principle (if annotation is too much or too little)
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1).Over the last few centuries numerous historical events have t.docx
1).Over the last few centuries numerous historical events have taken place that resulted in a major impact on the contemporary juvenile justice network in the United States. The notion of age of responsibility and maturity level has been the central focus since the inception of recorded history. The question remains today of when and under what circumstances children are capable of forming criminal intent ("Juvenile Justice", p. 5) which has led to continuous debates still occurring today.
Up until the early 1800s juvenile offenders in the United States received the same treatment and punishment as adult offenders. It was very common for juveniles to be housed with adults as well. In 1818, a New York City commission initiated the term "juvenile delinquency", and brought to the attention of the public eye and identified pauperism, or poverty, as a root cause of misbehavior amongst juveniles. In 1825, the Society for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency began to campaign for the separation of juveniles from adults. Over the course of the next few years, numerous juvenile institutions were established. These institutions, known as houses of refuge, primarily focused on education and treatment, instead of solely focusing on punishment ("Juvenile Justice", pp. 6-7).
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Holmes
,
Kent v. United
States
, Gault
, and
McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
, mentioned in this week's reading, and their holdings, have all had a dramatic impact on the contemporary juvenile justice network in America ("Juvenile Justice", pp. 9-10).
A few other major historical legislative acts that dramatically impacted the contemporary juvenile justice network in the United States have been enacted by Congress over the years. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency act of 1974, which established the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention to support efforts - local and state - in delinquency prevention and juvenil.
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1)
Many of the New World’s early explorers were looking for a shorter route around Africa to India.
A -
True
B -
False
2)
The introduction of Native American foods, such as corn and potatoes, to Europe spurred a dramatic increase in Europe’s population.
A -
True
B -
False
3)
The original Spanish settlement of New Mexico
A
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B
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C
- rarely came into contact with Native Americans because the Spanish killed them all upon their arrival.
D
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E
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A
- They successfully converted James I to their beliefs.
B
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C
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D
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E
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5) The first Jews in the colonies arrived in
A
- Maryland.
B
- New Netherland.
C
- Pennsylvania.
D
- Massachusetts Bay.
E
- Rhode Island
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A
- Although he was a Catholic, the church remained Protestant.
B
- Dissenters believed the church needed “purifying” from Catholic rituals.
C
- He granted special privileges to Puritans that were not extended to Catholics and Anglicans.
D
- He was atheist, yet as king, he was also head of the church.
E
- He promoted the Separatist cause and sought to appease its demands.
7) In what way did Cecilius Calvert intend for Maryland’s colonists to be “more committed” to the colony than the colonists at Jamestown?
A
- The colony remained unconcerned with converting Native Americans.
B
- The colonists all came from the same church congregation in England and already knew each other.
C
- The colony recruited families intending to stay rather than single men seeking quick riches.
D -
The colony focused solely on tobacco exports in order to perfect the process.
E -
The colony accepted only Catholics, fearing that they would clash with Protestants.
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1) Your Research Project on the surveillance state consists of .docx
1)
Your Research Project on the surveillance state consists of two parts:
1 a Powerpoint presentation consisting of at least 12 slides not including title and references.
2. 750 word research paper with at least 3 sources.
You must include at least 3 quotes from your sources enclosed in quotation marks and cited in-line.
There should be no lists - bulleted, numbered or otherwise.
Write in essay format with coherent paragraphs not in outline format.
Do your own work. Zero points will be awarded if you copy other's work and do not cite your source or you use word replacement software.
The topic must be appropriate for graduate level. Find a topic that we covered in the course and dig deeper or find something that will help you in your work or in a subject area of interest related to the course topic. Use academically appropriate resources which you can find in the
Danforth Library Research Databases.
Topic :(Identity Theft in internet)
Bernal, P. (2016). Data gathering, surveillance and human rights: recasting the debate.
Journal of Cyber Policy
,
1
(2), 243-264.
Bernal in this journal attempts to determine how surveillance affects human rights which has raised a lot of concerns of late among many workers. Looking at how surveillance has gained a lot of significance in many companies, most people have raised concerns regarding how this technology denies them their privacy. The author determines the various issues raised by gathering data from different organizations and determining the way they respond to this issue. He goes on to summarize the various issues and how they can be mitigated.
This resource is important as it will allow me develop a strong thesis statement and at the same time develop a good discussion. The resource will provide a good insight on how surveillance impacts on people’s privacy and the way they respond to the situation. Drawing from this resource I will be able to acquire a convincing study which will allow readers to clearly understand how different people think and respond to the situation.
Gangadharan, S. P. (2017). The downside of digital inclusion: Expectations and experiences of privacy and surveillance among marginal Internet users.
New Media & Society
,
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If you had been one of the managers at the Italian restaurant, what would your views of the meeting been?
POST 1)
1. Informal settings for meetings and to exchange information can be very useful in breaking down barriers. Often, people feel very restricted to voice their opinions when in a formal office setting or in a boardroom with their superiors. I have seen it often in the military where people are given an option to speak up, but no one truly feels comfortable because the setting does not fell appropriate. Wearing casual clothes, drinking a beer, and socializing before business begins can often make leaders feel more "human" to their employees and in return lead to more honest feedback.
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3. If I was one of the managers at the Italian restaraunt I would have been relieved that someone was finally listening to us. It was noted that they had ideas and knew why the company was in trouble. Middle management is the where the rubber meets the road between the employees and supervisors. They must be involved when trying to find out better ways to run the business. CURT
POST 2)
During the reading of Illustration 15.3 question 1, Why are informal settings such as dinners useful? It is custom sometimes during business dealings to set the first meeting in a relaxed environment to break the ice and ensured that everyone gets a chance to relax and express their opinions. In this scenario that was the thought of some people but, not all had the same conclusion for a mutual meeting spot. The CEO had other plans, and some saw it as an opportunity to persuade the consultant company in his favor.
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