3. Learning Competency
This serves as a prerequisite for the given DepEd
competency
• give common examples of products for cleaning the
house and for personal care (S11/12PS-IIIi-j-30)
Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:
• Enumerate the common personal care products; and
• Discuss properties and functions of these products
4.
5. SOLUBILITY
• Solubility refers to the ability of a
substance to dissolve in a given solvent
at a specified temperature.
• The rule "like dissolves like," refers to the
solute and solvent having the same
intermolecular forces of attraction in
order to form a solution.
6. SURFACE TENSION
• Surface tension is the tendency of a fluid
to minimize its surface area.
• Cohesive forces are attractive forces
between molecules of the same kind.
• These forces between liquid molecules are
responsible for the phenomenon of
surface tension.
7. DETERGENT
• A detergent contains surfactants,
which are substances with cleaning
properties.
• It forms micelles that bind grease.
• When the detergent is rinsed out, the
grease comes with it.
8. SHAMPOO AND CONDITIONERS
• Shampoo is made up of surfactants, usually in
the form of sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium
laureth sulfate, together with co-surfactants like
cocamidopropyl betaine in water.
• Most shampoos have pearlescent transparency
because of the addition of tiny flakes of glycol
disterate derived from stearic acid, a waxy
compound that provides conditioning benefits.
9. SHAMPOO AND CONDITIONERS
• Hair conditioners are used to change the texture and
appearance of hair.
• Hair conditioners provide the oils in the form of
essential fatty acids (EFAs) which function as natural
sebum when shampoos strip out too much sebum.
EFAs keep the hair softer and more pliable.
• Conditioners also contain moisturizers which hold
moisture in the hair.
10. SHAMPOO AND CONDITIONERS
• Both shampoo and hair conditioners
contain a surfactant that forms micellar
structures around the dirt and oils present
in the hair. These micelles remove the oil
when the hair is rinsed with water.
11. SOAP
• Soap is a personal care product used for
bathing and cleaning the skin as it removes the
oil and dirt particles adhered to the skin.
• Oil and dirt particles cannot be washed with
water alone as they are insoluble in it.
• Soap breaks up these particles into smaller
sizes and mixes them with water with water.
12. SOAP
• Soap is made up of fatty acids with two
different ends: hydrophobic and hydrophilic
ends and forms micelles when mixed with
water.
• The hydrophobic ends interact with the
unwanted particle, whereas hydrophilic ends
are attracted to water. When water is used to
rinse off the soap, dirt particles are washed
away.
13. FACIAL CLEANSERS
• Facial cleansers remove makeup, dead skin cells, and
dirt that can clog facial pores.
• Best facial cleansers should have a pH near 4.7, the
average pH of the skin's surface.
• Bar soaps with high pH (9-10) can disrupt the pH
balance of the skin and favor the overgrowth of
Propionibacterium acnes, the microorganism
responsible for pimples and acne formation..
14. DEODORANTS
• Deodorant and antiperspirant are different in terms of
composition and mode of action in different sweat
glands.
• Eccrine glands can be found on almost all over the
body, with the highest density in palms and soles.
• They produce an odorless substance composed mostly
of water and sodium chloride that is called sweat. They
are active in thermoregulation because the
evaporation of sweat has a cooling effect on the body.
15. DEODORANTS
• Apocrine glands are found only in armpits
and some parts of external genitalia. These
glands secrete an odorless oily fluid before
microbial activity.
• The oily fluid that is composed of fats and
proteins are broken down by bacteria into
certain acids with a foul odor.
16. DEODORANTS
• The bad smell in the armpits is often
masked using deodorant and
antiperspirant.
• Antiperspirants control sweat and body
odor by preventing sweat from reaching
the skin surface and by reducing the
bacteria that cause body odor.
17. DEODORANTS
• It attempts to stop or reduce perspiration
and thus reduce the moist climate in which
bacteria thrive. Aluminum chloride and
aluminum-zirconium are frequently used as
antiperspirants.
18. TOOTHPASTE
• Toothpaste is a paste or gel used with a
toothbrush to remove food from the teeth
and kill bacteria which cause bad breath.
• It contains abrasives, which scrub away
stains and plaque on your teeth. Abrasives
polish the teeth to make them look fresh
and clean after brushing
19. TOOTHPASTE
• It can reduce the incidence of dental caries
and control gingivitis.
• In the process, the calcium attached to the
surface of the teeth is converted into
fluorapatite, an important compound for
making the tooth enamel acid-resistant
generated by the bacteria in the mouth.
20. TOOTHPASTE
• When plaque builds up and hardens, it forms tartar.
Tartar is a crusty deposit that traps stains on the
teeth and causes discoloration. When tartar forms,
bacteria start to build up and damage the gums.
Pockets between the gums and teeth will form
when the gums are infected with the bacteria.
Brushing the teeth will prevent the formation of
plaque and the occurrence of gum disease.
22. Write true if the given
statement is correct.
Otherwise, write false.
23. 1. Soap cleans the skin surface by creating
micelles that bind to dirts and oils.
2. Shampoos contain surfactants that are safe for
the environment.
3. Facial cleansers are surfactant-based products
that affect the pH of the skin.
4. Toothpaste is needed for the remineralization of
the teeth.
5. Deodorant and antiperspirant use similar
mechanisms in masking body odor.
