The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Jahandideh S*, Jahandideh M, Asefzadeh S and Ziaee A in COJ Nursing & Healthcare
There was a time when Man was the son of nature, interacting and part of the whole process of life. Then, as his fate, man progressed, invented, produced, flourished and finally prevailed on earth. He created artificial systems in which he lived, and at times seemed so close to being protected and safe from any natural phenomenal impact. Then he realized that his own creation, byproducts, beside his aggression against his own kind were being his enemy. In recent years, disasters increased in frequency, where grade 4 or more, hurricanes attacked the southern parts of the USA, as well in Asia. Large ice bergs cracked in Greenland, North and South poles, dissolving in the sea. There is an increase or rise of the Sea level, although it is few cms a year but it became a reality
https://crimsonpublishers.com/eaes/fulltext/EAES.000501.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers
Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For More Articles on Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies
Please click on: https://crimsonpublishers.com/eaes/
There was a time when Man was the son of nature, interacting and part of the whole process of life. Then, as his fate, man progressed, invented, produced, flourished and finally prevailed on earth. He created artificial systems in which he lived, and at times seemed so close to being protected and safe from any natural phenomenal impact. Then he realized that his own creation, byproducts, beside his aggression against his own kind were being his enemy. In recent years, disasters increased in frequency, where grade 4 or more, hurricanes attacked the southern parts of the USA, as well in Asia. Large ice bergs cracked in Greenland, North and South poles, dissolving in the sea. There is an increase or rise of the Sea level, although it is few cms a year but it became a reality
https://crimsonpublishers.com/eaes/fulltext/EAES.000501.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers
Please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For More Articles on Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies
Please click on: https://crimsonpublishers.com/eaes/
The learning speed of the feed forward neural
network takes a lot of time to be trained which is a major
drawback in their applications since the past decades. The
key reasons behind may be due to the slow gradient-based
learning algorithms which are extensively used to train the
neural networks or due to the parameters in the networks
which are tuned iteratively using some learning algorithms.
Thus, in order to eradicate the above pitfalls, a new learning
algorithm was proposed known as Extreme Learning Machines
(ELM). This algorithm tries to compute Hidden-layer-output
matrix that is made of randomly assigned input layer and
hidden layer weights and randomly assigned biases. Unlike the
other feedforward networks, ELM has the access of the whole
training dataset before going into the computation part. Here,
we have devised a new two-layer-feedforward network (TFFN)
for ELM in a new manner with randomly assigning the weights
and biases in both the hidden layers, which then calculates the
output-hidden layer weights using the Moore-Penrose generalized
inverse. TFFN doesn’t restricts the algorithm to fix the number
of hidden neurons that the algorithm should have. Rather it
searches the space which gives an optimized result in the neurons
combination in both the hidden layers. This algorithm provides a
good generalization capability than the parent Extreme Learning
Machines at an extremely fast learning speed. Here, we have
experimented the algorithm on various types of datasets and
various popular algorithm to find the performances and report
a comparison.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE is a modern epidemic in india. due to changes in living conditions and habits its prevalence is increasing day by day . in this presentation i have explained the various risk factors and innovations in diagnosis of CAD. IT is very useful for primary health care physicians and community medicine specialist
Study of Lipid Profile in Patients of Coronary Artery Disease among Rural Pop...iosrjce
India and other developing countries in South Asia are progressively facing alarming proportions of
morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery disease. There are a number of studies on dyslipidemia in
coronary artery disease patients in Indian subcontinent, mostly in urban population in different geographical
territories of the country. There was no such community-based study in rural population of Bihar. Hence this
case control study was undertaken to study dyslipidemia among the rural patients admitted to hospital with
coronary artery disease. 100 consecutive cases diagnosed as coronary artery disease aged 30 to 90 years were
compared to 50 ages and sex matched healthy controls. Age, gender, blood pressure, history of smoking and
diabetes mellitus, waist-hip ratio and Body Mass Index were recorded in each subject. Blood samples for
investigations of lipid profile i.e. serum cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein–
cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected from cases. It was found
that high prevalence of dyslipidemia i.e. elevated serum cholesterol and TG and low HDL cholesterol were
significant in all the age groups above 40 years. Interestingly our study in rural population is not associated
with increased risk of coronary artery disease with LDL levels. In order to implement preventive approach to
CAD, our findings suggest that early detection of abnormal lipid profile and modification of lifestyles are important
Effects of aspirin for primary prevention in persons with Diabetes mellitusShadab Ahmad
The ASCEND(A Study od Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes) randomized trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of enteric-coated aspirin at a dose of 100 mg daily, as compared with placebo, in person who had diabetes without manifest cardiovascular disease.
Closer look at stroke in maine for maine stroke alliance 2019 finalGillian Gordon Perue
Presented to the leadership of the State of Maine; this presentation describes the epidemiology of patients admitted with stroke in Maine from 2010-2014. It exams independent predictors of mortality.
Clinical Profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome among Young AdultsPremier Publishers
Acute Coronary Syndrome accounts for 30% of hospital admissions with cardiovascular diseases. The risk of this syndrome is increasing among the younger adults, and a deep insight into the clinical profile among these patients will help in devising a preventive strategy, in order to alleviate the morbidity and mortality due to the syndrome. A cross sectional study was done among 125 subjects admitted to our tertiary care hospital with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Their risk factors were assessed and a 12 Lead electrocardiogram and 2D Echocardiogram were taken. Cardio III panel which consists of Troponin I, CK MB, BNP by COBAS meter machine was also measured. STEMI was present in 73.6% of the patients, while unstable angina was present in 16%. About 90% of STEMI patients were males and 62% of them were hypertensives. LV Ejection Fraction <30% was found in 9% of STEMI patients. This study elucidates the need for a preventive strategy for primordial prevention of cardiovascular events among young adults. The study envisaged the male, urban preponderance towards these events.
Heritability of Blood Pressure Among Random Adult Individuals of South Indian...ijtsrd
Hypertension is considered to be a major health concern and a threat for mortality and morbidity in individuals caused due to myocardial infarction, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Our study comprises of 200 randomly chosen nuclear families from five different South Indian states during the period of June, 2016 to December, 2017. A total of 750 individuals (both parents and off spring) are studied. About 103 families are selected from Telangana State, 25 families from Andhra Pradesh State, 13 families from Tamil Nadu State, 35 families from Karnataka State and 24 families from Kerala State. Information is gathered from each member of the family and Blood Pressure is measured. A linear fit is tried and regression coefficients are estimated and found to be significant using student' t-test and F-test. The linear equation Y = a + bx is taken where x is mid parental value and Y is average of offspring and regression of offspring on mid parental value is equal to heritability. The regression coefficient and R2 values (0.271, t and F; P < 0.05 and 0.074) for diastolic blood pressure are higher than those values (0.083, t and F; P http://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/pathology/15922/heritability-of-blood-pressure-among-random-adult-individuals-of-south-indian-states/dr-v-venugopal-rao
ASH13 Scott Hall and Robb Wolf — Evaluation of the Impact of a Paleolithic Di...Ancestral Health Society
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors including cholesterol may not provide the best tools for predicting individuals at risk for future cardiovascular disease and current insulin resistance. Novel and emerging evaluations of lipoproteins may provide a more accurate assessment of future cardiovascular risk. In an observational study of a small group of law enforcement officers, we studied the changes in both traditional and nontraditional risk factors when instructed in a “paleo” diet over 6 months. Overall, we found an encouraging impact on both traditional and nontraditional risk factors over the course of the study. It is proposed that a “paleo” diet supplemented with exercise has a positive effect on cardiovascular risk factors and may be a treatment recommendation for individuals at risk.
Study on the Health Related Quality of Life of Patients with Ischemic strokeiosrjce
The work entitled, “Study on the health related quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke” was
conducted in the department of Neurology at a multispecialty hospital. After receiving the official approval, the
study was conducted for a period of eight months from December 2013 to August 2014. A total of 278 cases with
Neurological disorders were found, of which 117(42 %) patients were with ischemic stroke. Hypertension (59%)
and Diabetes (53%) were the major co-morbid conditions found. The Health related quality of life of the
patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a stroke specific questionnaire. The
Health related quality of life of the patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a
stroke specific questionnaire. Quality of life assessments are done by various methods like taking the floor and
ceiling effects of the scores, average score calculation etc. Assessment of the floor and ceiling effect showed the
potential for floor effects in the most difficult domain(strength) and the possibility of a ceiling effect in the
communication domain. Assessment of stroke severity is done by taking the mean and SD of the individual domains
Cardiovascular Diseases among Agro-Allied Company Workers in Nigeria: A Case ...Premier Publishers
Mortality arising from cardiovascular diseases among the workforce in developing countries has been reported to be about twice as high as the mortality in developed countries and tends to occur much earlier than in the developed countries. A nested case-control study design was employed. The mean age of the respondents was 34 ± 9.7 years. The respondents were mostly males (90.6%), 65.1% were married and 83.1% were of the Yoruba ethnicity. Majority of the respondents (67.3%) were Christians and 83.7% had secondary education and above. Age, marital status, salary grade and religion were statistically associated with CVD status (p < 0.05). Being an office worker, earning the lowest income, being less than 50 years of age were significant predictors of CVD risk factors (p<0.05). Educational and behavioural intervention need to be implemented to encourage adoption of healthy lifestyle so as to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors among workers.
Examination of the incidence of heart disease in the US. A multivariate logis...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:Heart disease is a condition that affects the human heart and blood vessels. Heart disease affects
about half of American adults, and it also played a role in the high death rate in the rest of the world. The data
extracted from National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) span from December 2019 to December 2021. The
only goal of this study is to look at the risk factors that affect the incidence of heart disease. After that, it will
estimate a Youden index to find the best cut-off point and measure how well the multivariate logistic regression
model's diagnostic test performed, adding to the body of knowledge. The application of logistic regression
yielded the finding that socioeconomic and health risk variables strongly influence the incidence of heart
disease. According to the Youden index, the ideal cutoff value is around 52%. Consequently, it is crucial for
American adults to monitor their lifestyle, have their BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and other risk factors for
heart disease diagnosed, and then make sure they are receiving adequate treatment to prevent the tendency to
develop heart disease, which in turn will lower the death rate brought on by heart disease.
KEYWORDS: Heart disease, Multivariate logistic regression, Youden index, Health risk factors,
socioeconomic factors.
Diagnosis of Early Risks, Management of Risks, and Reduction of Vascular Dise...asclepiuspdfs
In a recent issue of the Journal of Circulation, American Heart Association has published a scientific statement, related to the excess heart disease and acute vascular events in South Asians living in the USA. The same group of experts, also have published a complementary article in Circulation titled, “call to action: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asian Americans.”I being a South Asian immigrant living in the USA, have always wondered as to why we do not have the same benefits as the other resident Americans in terms of the advantages of living in a highly advanced country? According to a study done in 2013, cardiovascular mortality has declined and diabetes mortality has increased in high-income countries. The study done in 26 industrialized nations, estimated the potential role of trends in population, for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and smoking, the modifiable risk factors identified as the promoters of CVD, and acute vascular events, by the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) group.
The learning speed of the feed forward neural
network takes a lot of time to be trained which is a major
drawback in their applications since the past decades. The
key reasons behind may be due to the slow gradient-based
learning algorithms which are extensively used to train the
neural networks or due to the parameters in the networks
which are tuned iteratively using some learning algorithms.
Thus, in order to eradicate the above pitfalls, a new learning
algorithm was proposed known as Extreme Learning Machines
(ELM). This algorithm tries to compute Hidden-layer-output
matrix that is made of randomly assigned input layer and
hidden layer weights and randomly assigned biases. Unlike the
other feedforward networks, ELM has the access of the whole
training dataset before going into the computation part. Here,
we have devised a new two-layer-feedforward network (TFFN)
for ELM in a new manner with randomly assigning the weights
and biases in both the hidden layers, which then calculates the
output-hidden layer weights using the Moore-Penrose generalized
inverse. TFFN doesn’t restricts the algorithm to fix the number
of hidden neurons that the algorithm should have. Rather it
searches the space which gives an optimized result in the neurons
combination in both the hidden layers. This algorithm provides a
good generalization capability than the parent Extreme Learning
Machines at an extremely fast learning speed. Here, we have
experimented the algorithm on various types of datasets and
various popular algorithm to find the performances and report
a comparison.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE is a modern epidemic in india. due to changes in living conditions and habits its prevalence is increasing day by day . in this presentation i have explained the various risk factors and innovations in diagnosis of CAD. IT is very useful for primary health care physicians and community medicine specialist
Study of Lipid Profile in Patients of Coronary Artery Disease among Rural Pop...iosrjce
India and other developing countries in South Asia are progressively facing alarming proportions of
morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery disease. There are a number of studies on dyslipidemia in
coronary artery disease patients in Indian subcontinent, mostly in urban population in different geographical
territories of the country. There was no such community-based study in rural population of Bihar. Hence this
case control study was undertaken to study dyslipidemia among the rural patients admitted to hospital with
coronary artery disease. 100 consecutive cases diagnosed as coronary artery disease aged 30 to 90 years were
compared to 50 ages and sex matched healthy controls. Age, gender, blood pressure, history of smoking and
diabetes mellitus, waist-hip ratio and Body Mass Index were recorded in each subject. Blood samples for
investigations of lipid profile i.e. serum cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein–
cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were collected from cases. It was found
that high prevalence of dyslipidemia i.e. elevated serum cholesterol and TG and low HDL cholesterol were
significant in all the age groups above 40 years. Interestingly our study in rural population is not associated
with increased risk of coronary artery disease with LDL levels. In order to implement preventive approach to
CAD, our findings suggest that early detection of abnormal lipid profile and modification of lifestyles are important
Effects of aspirin for primary prevention in persons with Diabetes mellitusShadab Ahmad
The ASCEND(A Study od Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes) randomized trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of enteric-coated aspirin at a dose of 100 mg daily, as compared with placebo, in person who had diabetes without manifest cardiovascular disease.
Closer look at stroke in maine for maine stroke alliance 2019 finalGillian Gordon Perue
Presented to the leadership of the State of Maine; this presentation describes the epidemiology of patients admitted with stroke in Maine from 2010-2014. It exams independent predictors of mortality.
Clinical Profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome among Young AdultsPremier Publishers
Acute Coronary Syndrome accounts for 30% of hospital admissions with cardiovascular diseases. The risk of this syndrome is increasing among the younger adults, and a deep insight into the clinical profile among these patients will help in devising a preventive strategy, in order to alleviate the morbidity and mortality due to the syndrome. A cross sectional study was done among 125 subjects admitted to our tertiary care hospital with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Their risk factors were assessed and a 12 Lead electrocardiogram and 2D Echocardiogram were taken. Cardio III panel which consists of Troponin I, CK MB, BNP by COBAS meter machine was also measured. STEMI was present in 73.6% of the patients, while unstable angina was present in 16%. About 90% of STEMI patients were males and 62% of them were hypertensives. LV Ejection Fraction <30% was found in 9% of STEMI patients. This study elucidates the need for a preventive strategy for primordial prevention of cardiovascular events among young adults. The study envisaged the male, urban preponderance towards these events.
Heritability of Blood Pressure Among Random Adult Individuals of South Indian...ijtsrd
Hypertension is considered to be a major health concern and a threat for mortality and morbidity in individuals caused due to myocardial infarction, stroke and other cardiovascular diseases. Our study comprises of 200 randomly chosen nuclear families from five different South Indian states during the period of June, 2016 to December, 2017. A total of 750 individuals (both parents and off spring) are studied. About 103 families are selected from Telangana State, 25 families from Andhra Pradesh State, 13 families from Tamil Nadu State, 35 families from Karnataka State and 24 families from Kerala State. Information is gathered from each member of the family and Blood Pressure is measured. A linear fit is tried and regression coefficients are estimated and found to be significant using student' t-test and F-test. The linear equation Y = a + bx is taken where x is mid parental value and Y is average of offspring and regression of offspring on mid parental value is equal to heritability. The regression coefficient and R2 values (0.271, t and F; P < 0.05 and 0.074) for diastolic blood pressure are higher than those values (0.083, t and F; P http://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/pathology/15922/heritability-of-blood-pressure-among-random-adult-individuals-of-south-indian-states/dr-v-venugopal-rao
ASH13 Scott Hall and Robb Wolf — Evaluation of the Impact of a Paleolithic Di...Ancestral Health Society
Traditional cardiovascular risk factors including cholesterol may not provide the best tools for predicting individuals at risk for future cardiovascular disease and current insulin resistance. Novel and emerging evaluations of lipoproteins may provide a more accurate assessment of future cardiovascular risk. In an observational study of a small group of law enforcement officers, we studied the changes in both traditional and nontraditional risk factors when instructed in a “paleo” diet over 6 months. Overall, we found an encouraging impact on both traditional and nontraditional risk factors over the course of the study. It is proposed that a “paleo” diet supplemented with exercise has a positive effect on cardiovascular risk factors and may be a treatment recommendation for individuals at risk.
Study on the Health Related Quality of Life of Patients with Ischemic strokeiosrjce
The work entitled, “Study on the health related quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke” was
conducted in the department of Neurology at a multispecialty hospital. After receiving the official approval, the
study was conducted for a period of eight months from December 2013 to August 2014. A total of 278 cases with
Neurological disorders were found, of which 117(42 %) patients were with ischemic stroke. Hypertension (59%)
and Diabetes (53%) were the major co-morbid conditions found. The Health related quality of life of the
patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a stroke specific questionnaire. The
Health related quality of life of the patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a
stroke specific questionnaire. Quality of life assessments are done by various methods like taking the floor and
ceiling effects of the scores, average score calculation etc. Assessment of the floor and ceiling effect showed the
potential for floor effects in the most difficult domain(strength) and the possibility of a ceiling effect in the
communication domain. Assessment of stroke severity is done by taking the mean and SD of the individual domains
Cardiovascular Diseases among Agro-Allied Company Workers in Nigeria: A Case ...Premier Publishers
Mortality arising from cardiovascular diseases among the workforce in developing countries has been reported to be about twice as high as the mortality in developed countries and tends to occur much earlier than in the developed countries. A nested case-control study design was employed. The mean age of the respondents was 34 ± 9.7 years. The respondents were mostly males (90.6%), 65.1% were married and 83.1% were of the Yoruba ethnicity. Majority of the respondents (67.3%) were Christians and 83.7% had secondary education and above. Age, marital status, salary grade and religion were statistically associated with CVD status (p < 0.05). Being an office worker, earning the lowest income, being less than 50 years of age were significant predictors of CVD risk factors (p<0.05). Educational and behavioural intervention need to be implemented to encourage adoption of healthy lifestyle so as to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors among workers.
Cardiovascular Diseases among Agro-Allied Company Workers in Nigeria: A Case ...
Similar to The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors_ Crimson Publishers
Examination of the incidence of heart disease in the US. A multivariate logis...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:Heart disease is a condition that affects the human heart and blood vessels. Heart disease affects
about half of American adults, and it also played a role in the high death rate in the rest of the world. The data
extracted from National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) span from December 2019 to December 2021. The
only goal of this study is to look at the risk factors that affect the incidence of heart disease. After that, it will
estimate a Youden index to find the best cut-off point and measure how well the multivariate logistic regression
model's diagnostic test performed, adding to the body of knowledge. The application of logistic regression
yielded the finding that socioeconomic and health risk variables strongly influence the incidence of heart
disease. According to the Youden index, the ideal cutoff value is around 52%. Consequently, it is crucial for
American adults to monitor their lifestyle, have their BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and other risk factors for
heart disease diagnosed, and then make sure they are receiving adequate treatment to prevent the tendency to
develop heart disease, which in turn will lower the death rate brought on by heart disease.
KEYWORDS: Heart disease, Multivariate logistic regression, Youden index, Health risk factors,
socioeconomic factors.
Diagnosis of Early Risks, Management of Risks, and Reduction of Vascular Dise...asclepiuspdfs
In a recent issue of the Journal of Circulation, American Heart Association has published a scientific statement, related to the excess heart disease and acute vascular events in South Asians living in the USA. The same group of experts, also have published a complementary article in Circulation titled, “call to action: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asian Americans.”I being a South Asian immigrant living in the USA, have always wondered as to why we do not have the same benefits as the other resident Americans in terms of the advantages of living in a highly advanced country? According to a study done in 2013, cardiovascular mortality has declined and diabetes mortality has increased in high-income countries. The study done in 26 industrialized nations, estimated the potential role of trends in population, for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and smoking, the modifiable risk factors identified as the promoters of CVD, and acute vascular events, by the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) group.
Background; Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a term which is used for defining the necrosis in the heart muscle due to the lack of the oxygen need of myocardium which cannot be supplied by the coronaries. Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effects of some lifestyle and anthropometric parameters on some cardiac enzymes. Methods: A total of 146 students of sex, age bracket, (16 - 30) were recruited for this study. Enzymatic methods were used in the determination of AST, ALT, CKMB activities. Anthropometric measurements of the participants were taken. The result showed that there was significant increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP), weight and height (p<0.05), but there was no significant increase in their diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and body mass index (BMI) (p>0.05) in the serum ALT, AST, and CKMB activities. However, there was significant difference in ALT and AST activities (P<0.05) but there was no significant difference in serum CKMB activity (P>0.05). Statistically the percentage of the participants that had their serum ALT activity above the reference range were 16.6%, those within the reference range were 83.4%,. In serum AST activity, the percentage above the reference range were 19.9%, those within the reference range were 80.1%. Meanwhile, in serum CK-MB activity, those above the reference range were 25.2% while those within the reference range were 74.8%. Conclusion: This could be probably indicate that the leakage of AST and ALT activities may be of hepatic origin. . The non-significant increase in CKMB which is a specific marker of myocardial injury, could suggest that the subjects were not at risk of developing of myocardial infarction as regards their age.
The Impact of Lymph Node Dissection on Survival in Intermediate- and High-Ris...semualkaira
Aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) on survival and determine the predictors of lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with Radical Prostatectomy
The Impact of Lymph Node Dissection on Survival in Intermediate- and High-Ris...semualkaira
Aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) on survival and determine the
predictors of lymph node involvement (LNI) in patients with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with Radical
Prostatectomy
What are the cardiovascular disorders?
Public Health importance
Burden of disease
Risk factors of cardiovascular disorders
Causation
Prevention strategies
Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs
India - National programme (NPCDCS)
Hypertension prediction using machine learning algorithm among Indonesian adultsIAESIJAI
Early risk prediction and appropriate treatment are believed to be able to
delay the occurrence of hypertension and attendant conditions. Many
hypertension prediction models have been developed across the world, but
they cannot be generalized directly to all populations, including for
Indonesian population. This study aimed to develop and validate a
hypertension risk-prediction model using machine learning (ML). The
modifiable risk factors are used as the predictor, while the target variable on
the algorithm is hypertension status. This study compared several machine-learning algorithms such as decision tree, random forest, gradient boosting,
and logistic regression to develop a hypertension prediction model. Several
parameters, including the area under the receiver operator characteristic area
under the curve (AUC), classification accuracy (CA), F1 score, precision,
and recall were used to evaluate the models. Most of the predictors used in
this study were significantly correlated with hypertension. Logistic
regression algorithm showed better parameter values, with AUC 0.829, CA
89.6%, recall 0.896, precision 0.878, and F1 score 0.877. ML offers the
ability to develop a quick prediction model for hypertension screening using
non-invasive factors. From this study, we estimate that 89.6% of people with
elevated blood pressure obtained on home blood pressure measurement will
show clinical hypertension.
HEART DISEASE PREDICTION USING MACHINE LEARNING AND DEEP LEARNINGIJDKP
Heart disease is most common disease reported currently in the United States among both the genders and
according to official statistics about fifty percent of the American population is suffering from some form of
cardiovascular disease. This paper performs chi square tests and linear regression analysis to predict
heart disease based on the symptoms like chest pain and dizziness. This paper will help healthcare sectors
to provide better assistance for patients suffering from heart disease by predicting it in beginning stage of
disease. Chi square test is conducted to identify whether there is a relation between chest pain and heart
disease cases in the United States by analyzing heart disease dataset from IEEE Data Port. The test results
and analysis show that males in the United States are most likely to develop heart disease with the
symptoms like chest pain, dizziness, shortness of breath, fatigue, and nausea. This test also shows that
there is a week corelation of 0.5 is identified which shows people with all ages including teens can face
heart diseases and its prevalence increase with age. Also, the tests indicate that 90 percent of the
participant who are facing severe chest pain is suffering from heart disease where majority of the
successful heart disease identified is in males and only 10 percent participants are identified as healthy.
The evaluated p-values are much greater than the statistical threshold of 0.05 which concludes factors like
sex, Exercise angina, Cholesterol, old peak, ST_Slope, obesity, and blood sugar play significant role in
onset of cardiovascular disease. We have tested the dataset with prediction model built on logistic
regression and observed an accuracy of 85.12 percent.
Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserv.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control
and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes in Adults Aged ≥75 Years
A Randomized Clinical Trial
Jeff D. Williamson, MD, MHS; Mark A. Supiano, MD; William B. Applegate, MD, MPH; Dan R. Berlowitz, MD; Ruth C. Campbell, MD, MSPH;
Glenn M. Chertow, MD; Larry J. Fine, MD; William E. Haley, MD; Amret T. Hawfield, MD; Joachim H. Ix, MD, MAS; Dalane W. Kitzman, MD;
John B. Kostis, MD; Marie A. Krousel-Wood, MD; Lenore J. Launer, PhD; Suzanne Oparil, MD; Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH;
Christianne L. Roumie, MD, MPH; Ronald I. Shorr, MD, MS; Kaycee M. Sink, MD, MAS; Virginia G. Wadley, PhD; Paul K. Whelton, MD;
Jeffrey Whittle, MD; Nancy F. Woolard; Jackson T. Wright Jr, MD, PhD; Nicholas M. Pajewski, PhD; for the SPRINT Research Group
IMPORTANCE The appropriate treatment target for systolic blood pressure (SBP) in older
patients with hypertension remains uncertain.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of intensive (<120 mm Hg) compared with standard
(<140 mm Hg) SBP targets in persons aged 75 years or older with hypertension
but without diabetes.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A multicenter, randomized clinical trial of patients aged
75 years or older who participated in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).
Recruitment began on October 20, 2010, and follow-up ended on August 20, 2015.
INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to an SBP target of less than 120 mm Hg
(intensive treatment group, n = 1317) or an SBP target of less than 140 mm Hg (standard
treatment group, n = 1319).
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary cardiovascular disease outcome was a
composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome not resulting in a
myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal acute decompensated heart failure, and death
from cardiovascular causes. All-cause mortality was a secondary outcome.
RESULTS Among 2636 participants (mean age, 79.9 years; 37.9% women), 2510 (95.2%)
provided complete follow-up data. At a median follow-up of 3.14 years, there was a
significantly lower rate of the primary composite outcome (102 events in the intensive
treatment group vs 148 events in the standard treatment group; hazard ratio [HR], 0.66
[95% CI, 0.51-0.85]) and all-cause mortality (73 deaths vs 107 deaths, respectively; HR, 0.67
[95% CI, 0.49-0.91]). The overall rate of serious adverse events was not different between
treatment groups (48.4% in the intensive treatment group vs 48.3% in the standard
treatment group; HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.89-1.11]). Absolute rates of hypotension were 2.4% in
the intensive treatment group vs 1.4% in the standard treatment group (HR, 1.71 [95% CI,
0.97-3.09]), 3.0% vs 2.4%, respectively, for syncope (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.76-2.00]), 4.0% vs
2.7% for electrolyte abnormalities (HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 0.99-2.33]), 5.5% vs 4.0% for acute
kidney injury (HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.98-2.04]), and 4.9% vs 5.5% for inj.
Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserv.docxbobbywlane695641
Copyright 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control
and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes in Adults Aged ≥75 Years
A Randomized Clinical Trial
Jeff D. Williamson, MD, MHS; Mark A. Supiano, MD; William B. Applegate, MD, MPH; Dan R. Berlowitz, MD; Ruth C. Campbell, MD, MSPH;
Glenn M. Chertow, MD; Larry J. Fine, MD; William E. Haley, MD; Amret T. Hawfield, MD; Joachim H. Ix, MD, MAS; Dalane W. Kitzman, MD;
John B. Kostis, MD; Marie A. Krousel-Wood, MD; Lenore J. Launer, PhD; Suzanne Oparil, MD; Carlos J. Rodriguez, MD, MPH;
Christianne L. Roumie, MD, MPH; Ronald I. Shorr, MD, MS; Kaycee M. Sink, MD, MAS; Virginia G. Wadley, PhD; Paul K. Whelton, MD;
Jeffrey Whittle, MD; Nancy F. Woolard; Jackson T. Wright Jr, MD, PhD; Nicholas M. Pajewski, PhD; for the SPRINT Research Group
IMPORTANCE The appropriate treatment target for systolic blood pressure (SBP) in older
patients with hypertension remains uncertain.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of intensive (<120 mm Hg) compared with standard
(<140 mm Hg) SBP targets in persons aged 75 years or older with hypertension
but without diabetes.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A multicenter, randomized clinical trial of patients aged
75 years or older who participated in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT).
Recruitment began on October 20, 2010, and follow-up ended on August 20, 2015.
INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to an SBP target of less than 120 mm Hg
(intensive treatment group, n = 1317) or an SBP target of less than 140 mm Hg (standard
treatment group, n = 1319).
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary cardiovascular disease outcome was a
composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome not resulting in a
myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal acute decompensated heart failure, and death
from cardiovascular causes. All-cause mortality was a secondary outcome.
RESULTS Among 2636 participants (mean age, 79.9 years; 37.9% women), 2510 (95.2%)
provided complete follow-up data. At a median follow-up of 3.14 years, there was a
significantly lower rate of the primary composite outcome (102 events in the intensive
treatment group vs 148 events in the standard treatment group; hazard ratio [HR], 0.66
[95% CI, 0.51-0.85]) and all-cause mortality (73 deaths vs 107 deaths, respectively; HR, 0.67
[95% CI, 0.49-0.91]). The overall rate of serious adverse events was not different between
treatment groups (48.4% in the intensive treatment group vs 48.3% in the standard
treatment group; HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.89-1.11]). Absolute rates of hypotension were 2.4% in
the intensive treatment group vs 1.4% in the standard treatment group (HR, 1.71 [95% CI,
0.97-3.09]), 3.0% vs 2.4%, respectively, for syncope (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 0.76-2.00]), 4.0% vs
2.7% for electrolyte abnormalities (HR, 1.51 [95% CI, 0.99-2.33]), 5.5% vs 4.0% for acute
kidney injury (HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 0.98-2.04]), and 4.9% vs 5.5% for inj.
The role of genetic factors in Hypertension among Iraqi citizensAI Publications
In this study, 140 patients were collected, and they were divided into two groups (120 patients and 30 control groups). The average age in this study ranged from 25 to 65 years. This paper aims to know the role of genetic factors in hypertension among Iraqi citizens and. This study was designed through cooperation with the hospital for the purpose of withdrawing the information found in the electronic record to patients, which includes primary information from demographic data (age - gender - body mass index - blood samples - smoking - alcohol - clinical history - genetic history and blood pressure. The data and demographic information related to the patients were analysed by relying on the statistical analysis program IBM soft SPSS 22. The results that were found were a collection of 140 patients (no positive result for 30 patients) (and 120 patients with a positive result), and the statistical value and the mean for the age of the patients was 45.2±15.3 as was done. Proportion of Family History with Hypertension patients and patient distribution (parents for 90 patients with 64.2% - siblings for 28 patients with 20% - offspring for 32 patients with 22.8%. Through the statistical analysis, a statistically significant relationship was found between genetic factors and their effect on arterial hypertension, with a p-value of 0.001.
Assessment of the Prevalence of Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors among the O...Scientific Review SR
The prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors among the Ogonis and Ikwerres in Rivers State,
Nigeria was assessed in two hundred subjects. Well structured questionnaires were used to assess smoking status,
duration of diabetes, age, weight, and height from the participants. Measurement of blood pressure was done to
ascertain the blood pressure of the subjects. Analysis of fasting blood sugar was done to confirm diabetes s tatus of
participants. Body mass index (BMI), was calculated from the height and weight. The mean age of males in the
study was higher than that of the females (P=.05). Mean SBP and DBP values were significantly higher (P=.05)
among the Ikwerres and Ogonis. BMI was significantly higher for Ogonis than Ikwerres ( P=.05). In the various
categories of risk, BMI for males was diabetics (47.89), smokers (44.73) and hypertensives (45.37) for type III
obesity which shows a higher risk for cardiovascular disease.
Association of Hypertension with Behavioural Risk Factors in Adults in a Rura...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
PREVENTION OF HEART PROBLEM USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCEijaia
Heart is the most important organ of a human body as it not only circulates oxygen and other vital
nutrients through blood to different parts of the body and helping in the metabolic activities but also
removes metabolic wastes. Thus, even a minor problem can affect the whole organism. Hence, researchers
are diverting a lot of data analysis work for assisting the doctors to predict the heart problem. So, an
analysis of the data related to different health problems and its functioning can help in predicting with a
certain probability for the wellness of this organ. In this paper we have analysed the different prescribed
data of patients from different parts of India. Using this data, we have built a model which gets trained
using this data and tries to predict whether a new out-of-sample data has a probability of having any heart
attack or not. This model can help in the decision making along with the doctor to treat the patient well and
creating a transparency between the doctor and the patient. In the validation set of the data, it’s not only
the accuracy that the model has to take care, rather the True Positive Rate and False-Negative Rate along
with the AUC-ROC helps in building/fixing the algorithm inside the model.
A prevalence of common risk factors of hypertension among young generation li...SriramNagarajan16
Hypertension is one of the upward health related challenge in Bangladesh and hypertension in young generation is increasing
but there is a shortage of data about the risk factors in this age group. The aim was to evaluate and approximation the
frequency of some common risk factors of hypertension among young generation living in Dhaka city. It was a crosssectional study; conducted during March 2016 to June 2016 in Dhaka city. Data were collected by face-to-face interview after
verbal informed consent by a survey questionnaire and stress was measured by Perceived Stress Scale and analyzed by SPSS
version 16. The study was conducted on 150 (n=150) young adults where 76% were male and 24% were female and their
mean age was 22.13 and 23.33% of them were overweight and only 1(n=1) was obese and 44% of them took average amount
of junk food while 14% took huge amounts and 59.33% of them had family history of hypertension and 70.66% of them were
in high stress. The mentioned age range shows a good amount of predominance of hypertension probably indicating a hidden
epidemic. It is needed to improve the measures of key anticipation and early detection of hypertension among young
generation
Introduction to ncd, coronary heart disease online lecture slides 2020 april 1Animesh Jain
Non-communicable diseases and Coronary Heart Disease - Introductory lecture for MBBS students.
This is just a basic skeletal presentation to aid class taking and students' memory for recap.
Similar to The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors_ Crimson Publishers (20)
Caring has been the cornerstone of nursing since the time of its
conception. It has been the legacy that each nurse has been instilled
to all those they have interactions with. Many nursing experts have
looked into caring as a science of nursing. It has been well studied
by many nursing experts. All of these prove that nurses’ best asset
is to make others feel that they are ‘cared for’. However, very few
have stated that behaviors that nurses possess [1].
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
The Early XXIth marked the beginning sof a new era for nurses
working in Occupational Health Ward. They won’t come any more
to this service to end up their career by only doing routine analysis
or vaccinations. In France, it was as from as 20 years ago, that a
specific occupational health diploma was created for nurses. Work
evolution and nurse skills’ recognition have never stopped growing.
The permanent decline of demographics in occupational
health physicians was the subject of considerable discussion
since ten years. The best solution has been to recruit nurses in the
occupational health wards. The aim of occupational health services
is to assess and identify risks for employees at their workstation
and then, to put forward new ideas to the company so it could
improve by job adjustment. In the past, there were only medical
consultations by physicians. Nowadays, occupational health nurses’
consultations may take stock, at first, on the state of employees’
health. These nurses’ consultations identify the risks of the job
and ensure that the company can offer personal and collective
protective equipment (primary prevention). Furthermore, the
nurse’s “paramedical” skills enable to search effectively for
symptoms suggestive of disorders that are likely to be related to job
exposures (secondary prevention).
The occupational health physician must accomplish many tasks.
Then, he cannot ensure alone, in particular, all the appointments. In
fact, he needs to refocus on its main functions, with an emphasis on
the missions that require a high degree of medical expertise.
The missions entrusted to nurses have evolved as much as the
doctor-nurse duo has improved in this particular societal context.
The nurse must perform these consultations according to a protocol
established by the doctor. Therefore, occupational health physician
and nurse must share and exchange informations on employee
files. They also study together the implementation of actions in the
workplace environment.
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
The purpose of the present study was to determine of some risk factors influencing of non-contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury in Soccer, basketball and Taekwondo players. If an athlete injured anterior cruciate ligament the most important thing is to identify factors that affect the injury. However, a growing research implicates hormonal, anatomical, environmental and neuromuscular factors that may predispose athletes to these injuries. For this research selected 510 athlete for assess ACL injury factors by two different methods
a. Questionnaire and
b. Interview that information collected among athletes who were play soccer, basketball and taekwondo.
Our results indicate 61.4% of ACL injury occurred in practice time and 38.6% of ACL injury was during competition. Also our finding showed that 69% mechanism of injury was non-contact, 4.7% via accident and 26.3% with unknown reason. Furthermore dynamic alignment at the time of the injury included: Knee-in & Toe- out 44%, Knee-out & Toe-in 22.5 and Hyperextension 11.1%.
The ACL prevents the femur from moving forward during weight bearing. It also helps to prevent rotation of the joint. Injury of the ACL most often occurs when an athlete is pivoting, decelerating suddenly or landing from a jump. The injury can also be caused by another player falling across the knee. ACL injuries are, probably, the most common devastating knee ligament injuries amongst sports persons. Usually these injuries are isolated, mainly in non-contact sports, but many often are a part of more complex ligamentous injuries. They occur more often in contact sports, such as soccer, basketball or taekwondo. In conclusion, our study produced strong evidence in support of a significant some factors influencing of ACL injury in Soccer, basketball and Taekwondo players.
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International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Nurses in today's dynamically evolving health care profession are expected to have the knowledge and expertise for caring for the wide diversity of people that comprise the patient populations in the hospitals and clinical environments around the globe. This article presents a unique and special international program that promotes the acquisition of knowledge by novice nursing students concerning the care of a diversity of pediatric patients through having the mentoring and guidance of nursing clinical leaders. The program has been established for eleven years and is based with two university schools of nursing and two children's hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom. The purpose of this article is to showcase this program and introduce a vehicle for introducing nursing students to caring for diverse people through successful programs such as this one
The profession of nursing has become globally based and nurses are now expected to practice with a wealth of knowledge regarding the increasing diversity of the world's population and emerging cultures. Nurses that practice both in the United States, as well as abroad throughout the world, are learning about the customs of people of multiple cultures and emerging diversities. The Sullivan Report on diversity in the health care professions additionally showcased the need for an increase in diversity of the members in the health professions, as well as for those in the health professions to engage their knowledge in learning and becoming culturally competent in understanding the world's dynamically changing population [2]. Nurses in today's dramatically evolving health care environment must be aware of cultural differences and similarities in patient populations and be prepared for caring for patients from a wealth of cultures, as well as unique backgrounds
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Nurses in today's dynamically evolving health care profession are expected to have the knowledge and expertise for caring for the wide diversity of people that comprise the patient populations in the hospitals and clinical environments around the globe. This article presents a unique and special international program that promotes the acquisition of knowledge by novice nursing students concerning the care of a diversity of pediatric patients through having the mentoring and guidance of nursing clinical leaders
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) and electromagnetic hypersensitivity are disabling conditions hallmarked by adverse reactions to chemicals and electromagnetic frequencies at levels generally considered safe. MCS is underpinned by a vicious cycle of escalating sensitivity initiated by exposure to seven classes of neurotoxicants. Our case study concerns a family sensitized to foods, chemicals and electromagnetic radiation after heavy exposure to phenoxy herbicides and organophosphate pesticides. Also addressed are a number of conditions frequently co-morbid with MCS, which also frequently involve an environmental sensitivity component-which include migraine, rheumatoid arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, ADHD, hypertension and certain cardiac problems.
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) and electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) are disabling medical conditions with ramifications for not only affected individuals and their families but for wider society as well. Sensitised individuals react adversely to everyday chemicals and/or electromagnetic frequencies at levels customarily considered innocuous; indeed, their reactive threshold may be orders of magnitude below the norm. In one instance the difference in electromagnetic sensitivity was estimated at 1010 [15]. This woman also reacted to minute traces of lemon oils picked up by a family member; he had merely been in a room with a bowl of lemons, yet hyperosmia-a hallmark of MCS-allowed her to detect their presence, and hypersensitivity to react to it
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Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Spirituality is known to play a significant role in patients' well-being and quality of life. Responding to patients' spiritual needs is considered to be an essential element of high quality medical care. Consequently, it seems logical that there is a professional requirement for nurses to achieve competence in the delivery of spiritual care. This study aims to examine the impact of nurses' spiritual well-being on patients' spiritual care. A total of 210 nurses working in critical care units completed Basic Psychological Needs questionnaire and Spiritual Care Competence Scale. 5.8% of nurses provided spiritual care at a poor level; 53.4% at an optimal level; and 39.8% at a highly desirable level. There were negative significant relations between the average scores of spiritual well-being with: age (p<0.04); and clinical experience (p<0.02).
There were positive significant relations between the receipt of training by nurses in the principles of spirituality with: the level of spiritual well-being (p<0.003); and the level of spiritual care (p<0.02). Overall, a significant relationship was observed between spiritual well-being and spiritual care (p<0.001). The study has demonstrated that there was a positive relationship between nurses' spiritual well-being and the provision of spiritual care. Implementation of strategies that might develop spiritual well-being in nurses would be of great benefit in catering for the spiritual needs of patients
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Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Increasing patient acuity and complex health care demand the need for preparing competent graduate nurses. However, reduced availability of clinical setting exists translating to difficulties obtaining patient care experiences for nursingstudents. This ongoing issue demands nurse educators to seek alternative teaching strategies. High-fidelity simulation experiences can provide learning environment very similar to the clinical setting. The purpose of this descriptive co-relational quantitative research study was to examine what relationships, if any, existed between associate degree nursing students' self-confidence in learning and their perceived presence of five instructional design characteristics in a high-fidelity simulation learning experience.
The nursing students' perceived experiences were measured by the NLN (National League for Nursing) Self-Confidence in Learning and Simulation Design Survey instruments. Study participants were asked to rate the level of importance of each variable (Self-Confidence and Simulation Design Instruments) on a Likert scale with the following rating: 1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree. The results of this study identified students' perceptions on the importance of realism and debriefing (feedback/guided reflection) in a simulation experience. Additional findings highlighted the importance to students of definitive objectives and information, which influence their self-confidence in learning within a simulation learning environment.
It is evident the use of simulation as an educational tool is becoming more prevalent in the health care settings. This is especially important in response to the growing shortage of accessible clinical sites and available faculty. The findings of this study support the need for more quantitative research to evaluate the use of high-fidelity simulation experiences on nursing students learning outcomes
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Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Drinking water distribution system biofilms were investigated for the presence of hygienically relevant microorganisms. In this study we collected four PVC pipes from different Drinking water and studied the biofilm morphology, Characterizing the formation of biofilm on Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe lines were analyzed by using the techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman microscopy (RMS), X-rayfluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM EDAX). Biofilm formation in drinking water PVC pipelines is due to many factors including pH, temperature, salt etc. In this study, microbiological aspects of biofilm formation and their role on electrochemical studies are presented.
We report the design and evaluation of PCR primers 63f and 1387r for amplification of 16SrRNA genes from bacterial isolates, Phylogenetic analysis of partially sequenced 16SrRNA gene sequences revealed the diversity of bacterial and fungal strains in the PVC pipeline 7 different bacterial phyla were detected. In addition, localized biofilm of the PVC pipeline in the presence of the consortia was observed by scanning electron microscopy analysis and morphology was seen in EPI fluorescence microscopy, The dominant bacterial species identified in the PVC pipeline biofilm samples were Sphingobacterium sp respectively, several types of bacteria may be involved in biofilm arising and the potential role of each species in biofilm formation is discussed. Therefore, calcium carbonate and the allied calcium compounds are responsible for the biofilm formation in PVC pipes and these inferences may lead to develop effective water purification measures
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Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Beta-blockers are commonly used to treat tachyarrhythmia's in thyroid storm. However, there have been several cases in which cardiovascular collapse has been reported after administration of Propranolol [1]. This phenomenon seemed to be more common in Chinese [1]. The article presented an unusual case. A 14-year-old girl with thyrotoxicosis presented with wide complex tachycardia in an electrocardiogram (ECG). The rhythm was converted to a trial tachycardia after cardio version. Propranolol was started to control atrial tachycardia. The girl developed cardiorespiratory arrest soon after taking Propranolol. She required high-dose inotropic support and the use of an intra-aortic balloon pump after resuscitation. Propranolol should be used highly cautiously in patients with thyrotoxic heart failure; cardiac assessment can be performed before medication prescription; short-acting beta-blockers may be a safer option for these patients.
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Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Background: Work related stress is very important issue among workers. It causes many different health problems. Coping strategies are key factors for dealing with and controlling job stress. The Brief Stress Coping Profile (BSCP) is documented to assess coping profiles of workers.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to adapt the BSCP scale to Turkish and to investigate its psychometric propertiesamong textile workers.
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COJ Nursing & Healthcare: Crimson Publishers
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Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Objectives: The importance of considering need for recovery after work and recovery opportunities at the workplace is relevant for occupational groups supporting clients in the workplace. Therefore, it is important that these concepts may be estimated with valid and reliable instruments within also a Swedish context. Thus, the aim of the study was to adapt the Need for Recovery (NFR) scale and the Recovery Opportunities (RO) scale to Swedish conditions and to assess the psychometric properties of the scales
COJ Nursing & Healthcare: Crimson Publishers
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A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Given the complexity of bio-psycho-social-spiritual influences, people with mental illness should be provided with multifaceted treatment and multi-system intervention. Mental health care teams are therefore expected to achieve interdisciplinary collaboration (IDC) to ensure delivery of safe, high-quality and well coordinated health care. There is increasing evidence to suggest that IDC leads to better patient outcomes. A growing body of research has shown that IDC is more effective than standard care in terms of clinical outcomes such as improved quality of life and alleviated depressed mood in people with mental disorders-with reducing healthcare costs. Despite advances in research, there is still a lack of conceptual clarity of IDC, resulting in inconsistent models of care and inconsistent findings. The ambiguous conceptualization of IDC impedes the standardisation of evidence-based practice and also limits practical applicability and comparability. Thorough understanding of the meaning of IDC in the context of mental healthcare is of vital importance in guiding further studies and evidence-based practice
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COJ Nursing & Healthcare: Crimson Publishers
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Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cuauhtemoc, Chihuahua, Mexico by Patricia Islas Salinas*, Claudia Teresa Domínguez Chavira and Alejandra González Chávez in COJ Nursing & Healthcare
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for Longevity Program Uses M...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for
Longevity Program Uses Mobile Technology to Sustain
Healthy Life Behaviors by Freida Pemberton* in
COJ Nursing & Healthcare
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
The Importance of Community Nursing Care.pdfAD Healthcare
NDIS and Community 24/7 Nursing Care is a specific type of support that may be provided under the NDIS for individuals with complex medical needs who require ongoing nursing care in a community setting, such as their home or a supported accommodation facility.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
ICH Guidelines for Pharmacovigilance.pdfNEHA GUPTA
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2. How to cite this article: Jahandideh S, Jahandideh M, Asefzadeh S, Ziaee A. The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the
Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(1). COJNH.000505. 2017. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2017.01.000505
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Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the single largest cause of
death in developed countries and is one of the main contributors
to the disease burden in developing countries. The two leading
manifestations of IHD are angina and acute myocardial infarction.
In 2001, IHD was responsible for 7.3 million deaths and 58 million
Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost world Wide Organization
[11].
The risk of developing Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) depends
to a large extent on the presence of several risk factors. The major
risk factors for CVD include tobacco use, high blood pressure, high
blood glucose, lipid abnormalities, obesity, and physical inactivity.
The global variations in CVD rates are related to temporal and
regional variations in these known risk factors. Discussions of the
strength of the associations of the various factors with CVD are
widely discussed in the literature. Although some risk factors, such
as age, ethnicity, and gender, obviously cannot be modified, most of
the risk is attributable to lifestyle and behavioral patterns, which
can be changed [12].
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have attracted growing
interest in recent years as a supplement or alternative to standard
statistical techniques to predict complex phenomena in medicine
and biological studies [13]. A neural network is a non-linear
statistical data modeling tool that is able to capture and represent
complex input/output relationships.
In this study, ANNs as a non-algorithmic model are used
in predicting the influence of life style in cardiovascular risk
factors. Prediction of risk factors will be helpful in assessing the
comprehensive impact that a set of data demonstrating lifestyle
from society has on the main cardiovascular risk factors. Most of
the previous research has focused on predicting heart disease by
considering risk factors [14-16].
Materials and Methods
Data set
This study used a cross-sectional design and a convenience
sample of 393 subjects. Subjects’ participation in the research was
voluntary. The subjects were interviewed randomly by trained
nurses and physicians using a structural questionnaire with each
interview taking around 30 minutes. The questionnaire contained
anthropometric, laboratory and physical activity questions.
The subjects were used to compile the dataset. Both sexes were
represented, were aged from between 26 to 75 years (average age
41.97 years old), and were all living in Minodar, Iran in 2015.
Model development
Logistic regression and artificial neural network as two
algorithmic and non-algorithmic models were used.
Definition of the input parameters
The input data from the network for each subject were as
follows: Sex (1: male, 2: female), age (years), height (cm), weight
(kg), marital status (1: single, 2: married, 3: divorced, 4: wife
dead), Individual’s status in the family (1: head of family, 2: wife, 3:
children), physical activity (1: high, 2: moderate, 3: low), hours of
sleep per day (1: Less than 8 hours, 2: more than 8 hours), smoking
(1: yes, 2: no), tobacco kind (Cigarette, pipe, hubble-bubble, none
of them), BMI (underweight: <18.5, normal: 18.5-24.9, overweight:
25-29.9, obesity grade1: 30-34.9, obesity grade 2:>35). More details
about HDL-Cholesterol, Cholesterol, Triglycerides and values of
selected parameters are presented in (Table 1).
Table 1: Characterization of the study population.
Cholesterol HDL-C Triglycerides
1 2 1 2 1 2
sex
Male (1) 29 142 37 135 75 97
Female (2) 7 198 9 196 13 192
Age (Year)
26-29 1 13 1 13 0 14
30-39 3 110 9 104 12 101
40-49 20 164 25 160 53 132
50-59 7 31 8 30 14 24
60-69 2 9 1 10 4 7
70-79 1 2 1 2 2 1
Height (Cm)
140-149 2 11 1 12 2 11
150-159 5 111 13 103 11 105
160-169 13 126 12 127 36 103
170-179 13 73 15 71 32 54
180-189 3 16 4 16 6 14
190-199 0 1 0 1 1 0
Weight (Kg)
30-39 0 0 0 0 0 0
40-49 1 5 1 5 1 5
50-59 2 33 5 30 2 33
60-69 9 122 19 113 21 111
70-79 11 107 13 105 35 83
80-89 11 57 6 62 24 44
90-99 2 12 1 13 4 10
100-109 0 2 0 2 1 1
110-120 0 1 0 1 0 1
Marital Status
Single 1 5 0 6 0 6
Married 35 330 46 320 87 276
3. How to cite this article: Jahandideh S, Jahandideh M, Asefzadeh S, Ziaee A. The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the
Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(1). COJNH.000505. 2017. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2017.01.000505
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divorced 0 2 0 2 0 2
Wife dead 0 3 0 3 1 2
smoking
Yes 5 44 6 43 18 31
No 31 296 40 288 70 258
Hours of sleep
per day
Less than 8
hours
29 251 36 43 69 211
More than 8
hours
5 81 9 288 16 71
Physical activity
High 15 125 25 115 40 100
Moderate 7 68 8 67 16 59
Low 23 155 21 157 40 138
WeusedtheWHOGlobalphysicalActivityQuestionnaire(GPAQ)
to calculate the physical activity. It comprises of 16 questions
to collect information on physical activity participation in three
settings as well as sedentary behavior. The domains are activity
at work; travel to and from places, and recreational activities. To
calculate a categorical indicator, the total time spent in physical
activity during a typical week, the number of days as well as the
intensity of the physical activity is taken into account. The three
levels of physical activity suggested for classifying populations are
low, moderate, and high (Organization, 2012). According to the
Analysis Guide, physical activities of subjects were calculated and
clustered using MATLAB programming language. Each subject was
put into one of 3 categories of physical activity. The cut-off values
for the data were: triglyceride: 160mg/dl; cholesterol: 220mg/dl;
HDL-cholesterol: 45mg/dl for males, 50mg/dl for females, with
the values coming from the ranges of normality indicated by the
literature [17]. Of the 393 subjects in the group study, 80 subjects
were used for the test phase and the remaining 313 for the training
phase.
Logistic regression analysis
Regression is the study of dependence. It is used to answer
questions such as: do changes in cholesterol depend on age, sex,
physical activity? The goal of regression is to summarize observed
data as simply, and usefully as possible.
Artificial neural network models
The human brain has been used to design and develop ANNS.
Accordingly, they are a cellular information processing system.
The neural network consisted of an interconnected set of artificial
neurons. The neurons perform collectively and simultaneously as
summing and non-linear mapping junctions for all data and inputs.
Changes take place in structure on the basis of internal and external
information that flows through the network during the learning
phase, so ANN is called an adaptive system. To model complex
relationships between inputs and outputs or finding patterns in
data, modern neural networks are usually applied (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Diagram illustrating the structure of the
developed neural network.
In this study, we trained an independent network for each
output (Cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides). Our networks were
trained perfectly over two layers of neurons. The factors of the
optimized neural network are shown in Table 2. One or two hidden
layers, different learning constants and hidden nodes were tested
to train with inputs. An in-house program written in the MATLAB
programming language was used to build the neural network.
Table 2: Optimized neural network parameters.
Triglycerides HDL -C Cholesterol
Learning rate 0.1 0.1 0.1
Error goal 0 0 0
Number of input nodes 12 12 12
Number of output nodes 1 1 1
Number of hidden layers 2 2 2
Number of layer neurons1 19 10 20
Number of layer neurons2 20 12 10
Training function Trainrp Trainrp Trainrp
Response accuracy 83.75 % 91.25 % 93.75%
Result
Results of ANNs
The ANN-based models were fed with the twelve mentioned
factors. The ANN was used as the predictor models on the data base
by using the “trainrp” method. For each network, the optimized
structure of four layer neural networks included one output
neurons, two hidden layers and an input layer. The variables
(Cholesterol, HDL-C and triglycerides) were used as the output
4. How to cite this article: Jahandideh S, Jahandideh M, Asefzadeh S, Ziaee A. The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the
Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(1). COJNH.000505. 2017. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2017.01.000505
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in a dichotomous form in the neural network. 313 subjects were
entered into the network as a training set and the remainders (80
subjects) were considered as a testing set.
In the first phase, all of the inputs were entered into the network
and the output Triglycerides, HDL-C, total cholesterol were entered
separately. Different learning constants of .08, 0.1, and 0.2 were
tested and the learning constant of 0.1 was selected. The results
showed that prediction accuracy in each networks respectively was
85.75%, 91.25% and 93.75%. The results are shown in Table 2.
Results of Logistic regression
The results indicate a strong influence of the sex variable
on Cholesterol (P-Value: 0.000), HDL-C (P-Value: 0.000) and
triglycerides (P-Value: 0.000) of BMI on triglycerides (P-Value:
0.012), and weight (0.005) and tobacco kind (P-Value: 0.02) on
HDL-C. Changes in other factors were not associated with the
cardiovascular risk factors. The statistical characteristics of the
developed models are shown in Table 3-5.
Table 3: Statistical characteristics of the developed Logistic regression model.
Co-efficientsa
Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients test P-value
B Std. Error Beta
(Constant) 1.351 0.085 15.96 0
sex 0.38 0.042 0.44 9.144 0
BMI -0.065 0.026 -0.122 -2.526 0.012
a. Dependent Variable: Triglycerides
Table 4: Statistical characteristics of the developed Logistic regression model.
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients test P-value
B Std. Error Beta
(Constant) 1.341 0.102 13.187 0
sex 0.195 0.036 0.281 5.439 0
Weight 0.044 0.015 0.141 2.832 0.005
Tobacco kind 0.095 0.041 0.118 2.328 0.02
a. Dependent Variable: HDL-C
Table 5: Statistical characteristics of the developed Logistic regression model.
Co-efficientsa
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients P-value
B Std. Error Beta test
(Constant) 1.697 0.052 32.689 0
sex 0.122 0.032 0.19 3.817 0
a. Dependent Variable: Total Cholesterol
Discussion and Conclusion
Several studies have indicated the presence of correlations
among variables for example body weight, smoking, age and classic
cardiovascular disease risk factors [18-20]; that is, one single factor
actually is not the determining factor but rather the comprehensive
interaction of all of them together are determining.
In this study, logistic regression as a conventional model
obtained poor prediction performance measure values. However,
LR distinguished that relationships exist between inputs and
dichotomous output variables (sex and BMI in TG and sex, weight
and tobacco kind in HDL-C and sex in total cholesterol as more
significant parameters). On the other hand, ANNs as a more
powerful model showed high response accuracy in predicting. To
examine the complex relationship between input variables and
output variables, ANNs are broadly used (Nelson & Illingworth) and
there are reasons for supporting the ANN-based model. The ANN-
based model can handle factors without specifying their complex
5. How to cite this article: Jahandideh S, Jahandideh M, Asefzadeh S, Ziaee A. The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the
Influence of Lifestyle on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(1). COJNH.000505. 2017. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2017.01.000505
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non-linear relationships. In positions where determining factors
are numerous and/or not completely understood or controlled,
this is particularly beneficial. However, when wanting to determine
the relative influence of individual factors on performance of
prediction, this black box nature of ANN-based models may be
disadvantageous. As prediction of the influence of lifestyle on
cardiovascular risk factors was the objective of this research, the
predictive accuracy is the greatest advantage. In such research, the
black box nature is not a weakness. Gueli [21] in their research,
which had a similar aim, presented that a neural network offered
data for a single individual with a high probability (up to 93.33%)
[21].
In conclusion, our results are promising and confirm a
beneficial role of neural networks in predicting the influence of
lifestyle on cardiovascular risk factors. To have the most advantage
of data mining techniques, it is suggested to apply two successful
data mining tools, neural networks and genetic algorithms to cover
the weakness of ANNs.
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