Scientific Methods and Variables

2. Logical sequence of thought
processes and activities
Designed to gather information and
test ideas
Processes can be identified in
numerous ways

3. 1. Define or State a Problem
2. Formulate Hypotheses
3. Collect Data
4. Test the Hypotheses
5. Formulate a conclusion

4.  based from observed events
 limited in scope
 manageable

5. What will happen if there are
less oxygen in water where
rainbow trouts live?

6. Will the location of a plant
affects how it grows?

7.  Tentative solutions
 Derived from theories
 Testable

8. Example:
When there is less oxygen in the
water, rainbow trouts suffer
more lice.

9. Example:
When a plant is placed outdoor,
then it will grow faster.

10.  Related to the hypotheses
 Qualitative
 Quantitative

11.  Further observations and
experimentations
 Test the reliability and
validity

12.  Based from the analyzed data
 Accepted or rejected
 Tentative or firm

13. At the end of the experiment, it was
recorded that when there is less
oxygen in water, rainbow trouts
suffer more lice. The hypothesis is
accepted and supported by the data.

16. Input
The one being changed
Can be manipulated

17.  Outcome
 Depends upon the
independent variable
 Measured or observed

18.  The factors that
should remain
unchanged
 Constant

20. Experiment: Measuring the effect of
temperature on solubility
Independent: Dependent: Controlled:
Temperature Solubility
 source of water
 the size and
type of
containers
 amount of
mixing time

22. 1. Measuring the effect of heat to the volume
of a metal.
2. Determining which brand of lotion will be
best for the skin.
3. Which method of waste disposal will be
helpful in reducing solid waste?

23. 4. Which will roll faster among the three:
a.) sphere, b.) cylinder, or d.) flat
disk?
5. Using mugs with lighter color will
make a coffee remain its warmth.