The document summarizes the remaining amendments in the Bill of Rights (3rd, 7th, 9th, 10th) and discusses their significance and impact. It then discusses other amendments beyond the Bill of Rights related to elections, congressional structure, voting rights, taxes, and prohibition. While some amendments were proposed relating to flag burning and victims' rights, Congress has been reluctant overall to make significant changes through additional amendments.
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The Bill of Rights (Amendments 1 to 10) The amendments that became the Bill of Rights were actually the last ten of the twelve amendments proposed in 1789. Here are 5 of the first 10 Bill of Rights that are well-known and cornerstones of our democracy: First Amendment: addresses the rights of freedom of religion
Presentation at the LOOK 2015 Conference about current activities of Foundation for Student Missions in Nigeria.
This is how far we have gone, Join us to take the mountains of more Nigeria Higher institutions
Este es el storyfi que presenté en el curso de especialización en Community Management (2015, UOC). El tema elegido: lo que se dijo en las redes sociales y en los medios de comunicación sobre el segundo trasplante de cara llevado a cabo en el Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Introduction
The Constitution affects every American’s life
There will continue to be constitutional cases,
analysis and research
The most well-known amendments have been
discussed thus far
There are four remaining amendments of the
Bill of Rights that will be looked at in this
chapter
3rd
, 7th
, 9th
, and 10th
3. The Remaining Amendments of
the Bill of Rights
3rd
Amendment
Prohibits housing soldiers in private homes during
peacetime without the owner’s consent and
during the wartime without legal process
This amendment has never been subjected to
Supreme Court review, it holds historical
relevance and stands for the general principle
that government is to leave people alone without
compelling cause
4. The Remaining Amendments of
the Bill of Rights
7th
Amendment
This amendment establishes the right to a federal
jury trial for all suits at common law if the value is
more than $20
Legal controversies arising out of civil law rather than
criminal law
Extends the right to a jury trial to civil proceedings
To determine whether this amendment is a right
to a federal jury trial is bases on whether a suit
involves legal issues similar to issues raised in
cases for which federal jury trial were granted by
common law
5. The Remaining Amendments of
the Bill of Rights
9th
Amendment
Established that the rights of U.S. citizens extend
beyond those listed in the Constitution
This amendment is largely historical
Rights not specifically listed in the Bill of Rights
were known as unenumerated rights
Right to privacy, right to interstate and international
travel, right to vote and freedom of association
The right to privacy has been referred to by the
Supreme Court and has been used to infer such a
right, but the 9th
Amendment does not guarantee this
right
6. The Remaining Amendments of
the Bill of Rights
Griswo ld v. Co nne cticut (1965)
Considered to be the first case in which the
Supreme Court addressed the 9th
Amendment
The 9th
Amendment “shows a belief of the
Constitution’s authors that fundamental rights
exist that are not expressly enumerated in the first
eight amendments and an intent that the lists of
rights… not be exhaustive.”
There are certain zones of privacy
Areas into which the government may not intrude
7. The Remaining Amendments of
the Bill of Rights
10th
Amendment
This amendment embodies the principle of
federalism
A principle whereby power is shared by the national
government and the states
The powers not delegated to the United States by the
Constitution, nor prohibited by the States, are
reserved to the States respectively, or to the people
Seeks to ensure to all people that the federal
government will not get to powerful
8. 10th
Amendment
Delegated powers
Powers of the national government, both
enumerated and implied by legal authority
They were delegated or entrusted to the national
government by the states and the people
Reserve powers
Powers retained by the states
Primary reserve power is police power
9. Amendments Beyond the Bill of
Rights
Additional amendments have come and gone
Proof that the Constitution possesses the
ability to respond to America’s needs
11th
Amendment (1795)
This amendment is the only one that deals with
the judicial power of the federal government and
is actually more an administrative directive
It was introduced the day after the high court
ruled that a citizen of one state had the right to
sue another
10. Amendments Beyond the Bill of
Rights
13th
Amendment (1865)
Abolished slavery
This amendment overturned the Supreme Court’s
Dred Scott decision
Using an amendment to overturn a specific
Supreme Court decision is rare, dramatic and a
good illustration of the checks and balances in the
U.S. government
11. Amendments Beyond the Bill of
Rights
14th
Amendment (1868)
Due process
Equal protection of the law
The Supreme Court has chosen, through case
law and common law, to selectively apply certain
amendments to both federal and state
governments through selective incorporation
Selective incorporation- provision of the Bill of
Rights are applied to the states through the
due process clause
12. Amendments Related to Election
and Structure of Congress
Not all amendments and other portions of the
Constitution deal directly with specific rights
and liberties
Seven amendments deal in detail with
numerous matters related to how the federal
government is to be structured and its officials
elected
13. Amendments Related to Election
and Structure of Congress
12th
Amendment (1804)
Established the electoral system
14th
Amendment (1868)
Established how representatives are apportioned
and what their qualification are
17th
Amendment (1913)
Describes how the U.S. Senate is to be
composed, the qualifications required and how
vacancies are to be filled
14. Amendments Related to Election
and Structure of Congress
20th
Amendment (1933)
Established the term of the president and vice-
president end at noon on the 20th
day of January,
and the terms of senator and representatives end
at noon on the 3rd
day of January
Also established how often Congress meets and
the chain of succession if the president is no
longer able to carry out the responsibilities of the
office
15. Amendments Related to Election
and Structure of Congress
22nd
Amendment (1951)
Restricted the term of presidency to two terms
23rd
Amendment (1961)
Gave representation to the district that constitutes
the seat of government of the United States, that is
to the District of Columbia
25th
Amendment (1967)
Established procedures for filling vacancies and for
actions to take should the president be unable to
discharge the powers and duties of the office
16. Amendments Related to Election
and Structure of Congress
27th
Amendment (1992)
To prevent Congress from setting its own salary
because of the apparent conflict of interest
Congress has continued to give itself cost-of-
living raises which has not been considered the
same as an actual raise
17. Voting Rights
15th
Amendment (1870)
Required that the right to vote shall not be denied
because of race, color or previous condition of
servitude
Black males were given to the right to vote
19th
Amendment (1920)
Required that the right to vote should not be
denied on account of sex
Women get the right to vote 50 years after black
males
18. Voting Rights
24th
Amendment (1964)
Requires that the right to vote should not be
denied by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or
other tax
26th
Amendment (1971)
Lowered voting age, giving the vote to U.S.
citizens 18 years of age and older
19. Taxes
16th
Amendment (1913)
Established the federal income tax
Congress has the power to lay and collect taxes
on incomes
20. Prohibition
18th
Amendment (1919)
Prohibited the sale and purchase of intoxicating
liquors
Enforcement was seen as hopeless because it is not
what the people wanted
21st
Amendment (1933)
Repealing the 18th
article of the amendment to the
Constitution
21. Attempts at Other Amendments
Various amendments have been proposed
Congress has considered amendments prohibiting the
burning of the American flag and amendments
establishing victim’s rights
2003 a Senate subcommittee approved a proposal to
amend the Constitution to guarantee rights to crime
victims
2003 a proposal to prohibit gay marriages was talked
about
This would deny rights to a group of people
Overall, Congress is reluctant to make significant
changes by adding amendments