The reflection abut te first seminar
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Jessian Muñoz, a graduate student at New Jersey Medical School, gave a seminar discussing cancer stem cells and their role in brain tumors. Cancer stem cells may be the primary cause of brain tumors, as chemotherapy often fails to target these cells specifically. The seminar addressed how cancer stem cells can reemerge after treatment and explained the discovery of microRNAs' involvement in cancer signaling. Jessian's presentation demonstrated how scientific understanding advances and how personal goals can change during one's studies.
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Jessian
Jessian Muñoz was the speaker at the first seminar, discussing his recent study on the relationship between brain tumors, microRNAs, and stem cells. During his presentation, he explained in detail his experience conducting the experiment and defined scientific terms. After the seminar, he discussed an article on glioblastoma multiforme and recent findings in human cancer and mouse models. Brain tumors can affect many people in the future. Because of the relationship between stem cells and cancer cells, there may be new ways to conduct cancer treatments.
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The document discusses two studies on the causes of cancer at the chromosomal and DNA level. The first study found that dramatic structural changes to chromosomes could not be explained by standard models of DNA damage and were a major cause of cancer proliferation. The second study discovered the overexpression of repetitive satellite DNA sequences in common tumor cells that are normally found in heterochromatin and centromeres. Understanding the molecular causes of diseases like cancer will enable early diagnosis, new therapeutic targets, and improved treatment strategies.
Plantillas2012 1
Cell differentiation therapy and epigenetic links in adult stem cell fate decisions were proposed as novel strategies for treating aggressive skin cancer and osteoporosis. Differentiating skin cancer cells was suggested to decrease their ability to divide, while understanding epigenetic regulation of adult stem cell differentiation could enable new osteoporosis treatments. Molecular biology advances have provided insights into new therapies and improved treatments for diseases by preventing drug resistance and allowing for faster cures through prevention of mutations across generations.
Folding
The document discusses recent discoveries related to DNA and stem cells that are allowing for new therapeutic approaches to cancer management. Specifically, it discusses how discoveries of the protein MutL, which helps repair DNA errors, and how mutations in genes encoding DNA repair proteins can lead to cancers. It also discusses how researchers have identified a new stem cell signaling pathway that may help lower tumor risks in stem cell therapies by reducing formation of teratomas during stem cell differentiation.
Folding
1) Researchers have developed a new technique called polarized third-harmonic generation (P-THG) microscopy that can map the 3D orientation of lipids in biological tissues like skin in a non-invasive manner.
2) Genetic mapping of tumors may help turn some cancers into chronic diseases rather than fatal ones by identifying key genetic changes to target specific drugs to individual patients. Breast cancer patients are already benefiting from personalized treatments like Herceptin.
3) Advances in genetic mapping and targeted cancer treatments provide hope that many currently incurable diseases may be cured or eradicated in the future, just as some diseases centuries ago are now virtually eliminated.
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2) Increased rigidity of cancer cells activates proteins associated with cancer growth and metastasis. Applying mechanical forces to cells mimics this effect.
3) Discovering the role of pericytes and cell rigidity may help scientists develop new treatments for spinal cord injuries and cancer respectively.
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Jessian
Jessian Muñoz was the speaker at the first seminar, discussing his recent study on the relationship between brain tumors, microRNAs, and stem cells. During his presentation, he explained in detail his experience conducting the experiment and defined scientific terms. After the seminar, he discussed an article on glioblastoma multiforme and recent findings in human cancer and mouse models. Brain tumors can affect many people in the future. Because of the relationship between stem cells and cancer cells, there may be new ways to conduct cancer treatments.
Biology m(1)
The document discusses two studies on the causes of cancer at the chromosomal and DNA level. The first study found that dramatic structural changes to chromosomes could not be explained by standard models of DNA damage and were a major cause of cancer proliferation. The second study discovered the overexpression of repetitive satellite DNA sequences in common tumor cells that are normally found in heterochromatin and centromeres. Understanding the molecular causes of diseases like cancer will enable early diagnosis, new therapeutic targets, and improved treatment strategies.
Plantillas2012 1
Cell differentiation therapy and epigenetic links in adult stem cell fate decisions were proposed as novel strategies for treating aggressive skin cancer and osteoporosis. Differentiating skin cancer cells was suggested to decrease their ability to divide, while understanding epigenetic regulation of adult stem cell differentiation could enable new osteoporosis treatments. Molecular biology advances have provided insights into new therapies and improved treatments for diseases by preventing drug resistance and allowing for faster cures through prevention of mutations across generations.
Folding
The document discusses recent discoveries related to DNA and stem cells that are allowing for new therapeutic approaches to cancer management. Specifically, it discusses how discoveries of the protein MutL, which helps repair DNA errors, and how mutations in genes encoding DNA repair proteins can lead to cancers. It also discusses how researchers have identified a new stem cell signaling pathway that may help lower tumor risks in stem cell therapies by reducing formation of teratomas during stem cell differentiation.
Folding
1) Researchers have developed a new technique called polarized third-harmonic generation (P-THG) microscopy that can map the 3D orientation of lipids in biological tissues like skin in a non-invasive manner.
2) Genetic mapping of tumors may help turn some cancers into chronic diseases rather than fatal ones by identifying key genetic changes to target specific drugs to individual patients. Breast cancer patients are already benefiting from personalized treatments like Herceptin.
3) Advances in genetic mapping and targeted cancer treatments provide hope that many currently incurable diseases may be cured or eradicated in the future, just as some diseases centuries ago are now virtually eliminated.
July 2011 Scientific News
This document discusses three main topics:
1) Pericytes, not glial cells, are the primary cell type that forms scar tissue after spinal cord injuries. In the absence of pericytes, lesions do not scar over properly.
2) Increased rigidity of cancer cells activates proteins associated with cancer growth and metastasis. Applying mechanical forces to cells mimics this effect.
3) Discovering the role of pericytes and cell rigidity may help scientists develop new treatments for spinal cord injuries and cancer respectively.
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Cellular cycle is important in cell growth, development, and death. Studying this area helps understand diseases associated with these processes. Researchers identified the cell of origin in leukemia cases using mouse experiments expressing MLL-AF2. They analyzed different cell states in mice and a control group. Further studies may open new avenues for early cancer diagnosis and treatment. A gene mutation was found to cause brittle bone disease and other connective tissue issues in two families, showing one gene can cause multiple diseases. These studies increase understanding of known diseases and could reveal unknown ones, expanding human knowledge.
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2) Genetics provides an understanding of the biological composition of humans and pathological processes. It involves studying gene mapping, inheritance of diseases, and molecular mechanisms of how genes cause disorders. This knowledge aids in diagnosis and treatment.
3) A study used genome editing to block a gene, OCT4, that is important for early human embryo development. This revealed the gene is necessary for proper formation of the blastocyst. Understanding key genes needed for embryo development could improve IVF treatments and shed
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The document discusses two recent scientific discoveries:
1) Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered a protein complex called Ska that helps stabilize cell division and the distribution of genetic material between daughter cells. Disruptions to this process could lead to cancer, offering new insights into cancer development.
2) A team at the University of California, Davis found that new genes can arise from ancestral non-coding DNA sequences, which is occurring at a high rate across animals and plants. Random mutations can cause non-coding DNA to be transcribed, forming new genes over time through selection. Understanding how genomes change could inform future therapies.
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- The 1-year event-free survival was 14%, which was not statistically higher than the historical rate of 21.9%. The 1-year overall survival was 40%, higher than the historical rate of 32% but not statistically significant.
- Chemoradiotherapy with TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ was found to not be more effective than previous regimens for treating children with DIPG.
Dissertation topics on cellular basics of cancer and therapeutics - Pubrica
• Researching cancer and its therapeutics is an important tool for cancer studies and medical writing services.
• The important topics to be covered while writing a thesis for cancer and its therapeutics are discussed in scientific medical writing.
• Pubrica is here to help with the easy scientific medical writingabout cancer research and its therapeutics.
Full Information: https://bit.ly/3llZgmV
Reference: https://pubrica.com/services/physician-writing-services/
Why Pubrica?
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free, always on Time, outstanding customer support, written to Standard, Unlimited Revisions support and High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us :
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44- 74248 10299
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Dawoud Dar worked as a research technician at the University of Sheffield Medical School in Dr. Spencer J. Collis' neuro-oncological lab studying glioblastoma under the supervision of Ola Rominiyi. The lab used various 2D and 3D models to test novel combination drug therapies targeting multiple DNA damage response pathways to inhibit glioblastoma tumor growth and treatment resistance, including drugs like Ouabain and Curcumin with and without radiotherapy. Dar helped present the lab's research at the Society of Neuro-Oncology conference and gained skills in various laboratory techniques, scientific writing, problem solving, and teamwork during the placement.
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The document discusses DNA replication and the role of the APOBEC protein. It summarizes that DNA replication is the process where one DNA molecule makes two identical copies of itself. It then explains that the APOBEC protein normally protects against viruses but can also cause mutations during DNA replication, potentially leading to cancer. The student notes it is important to understand these mechanisms to research ways to prevent cancer. A second section discusses how cancer cells can maintain telomere length to continue replicating, and researchers have identified the protein SMARCAL1 as playing a key role in this alternative lengthening of telomeres pathway used by some cancer cells. Understanding this pathway could lead to new targeted cancer therapies.
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The document discusses DNA replication and how it can go awry. It normally faithfully copies DNA but the APOBEC protein, which normally protects against viruses, can instead cause mutations by interfering with replication. This can lead to cancer. Researchers identified that the protein SMARCAL1 is key to alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), a pathway cancer cells use to maintain telomere length and bypass growth arrest. Understanding these replication and repair pathways could lead to new targeted cancer therapies.
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The session was nicely summarized in a write-up by the team at Journal of Cell Biology:
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Dc report rough
This six-month progress report summarizes work done on a project aiming to profile microRNA expression during hepatic differentiation from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The objectives accomplished so far include obtaining necessary approvals and collecting 12 human umbilical cords from which Wharton's jelly was isolated without enzymes using an explant method. The isolated Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells were maintained in culture. Future work will involve differentiating the cells into hepatocyte-like cells and profiling microRNA expression at different stages of differentiation.
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3) A study used genome editing to block a gene, OCT4, that is important for early human embryo development. This revealed the gene is necessary for proper formation of the blastocyst. Understanding key genes needed for embryo development could improve IVF treatments and shed
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The document discusses two recent scientific discoveries:
1) Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered a protein complex called Ska that helps stabilize cell division and the distribution of genetic material between daughter cells. Disruptions to this process could lead to cancer, offering new insights into cancer development.
2) A team at the University of California, Davis found that new genes can arise from ancestral non-coding DNA sequences, which is occurring at a high rate across animals and plants. Random mutations can cause non-coding DNA to be transcribed, forming new genes over time through selection. Understanding how genomes change could inform future therapies.
Temodal articulo
- An open-label phase II study tested temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy with radiation followed by adjuvant TMZ in 63 children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG).
- The 1-year event-free survival was 14%, which was not statistically higher than the historical rate of 21.9%. The 1-year overall survival was 40%, higher than the historical rate of 32% but not statistically significant.
- Chemoradiotherapy with TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ was found to not be more effective than previous regimens for treating children with DIPG.
Dissertation topics on cellular basics of cancer and therapeutics - Pubrica
• Researching cancer and its therapeutics is an important tool for cancer studies and medical writing services.
• The important topics to be covered while writing a thesis for cancer and its therapeutics are discussed in scientific medical writing.
• Pubrica is here to help with the easy scientific medical writingabout cancer research and its therapeutics.
Full Information: https://bit.ly/3llZgmV
Reference: https://pubrica.com/services/physician-writing-services/
Why Pubrica?
When you order our services, we promise you the following – Plagiarism free, always on Time, outstanding customer support, written to Standard, Unlimited Revisions support and High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
Contact us :
Web: https://pubrica.com/
Blog: https://pubrica.com/academy/
Email: sales@pubrica.com
WhatsApp : +91 9884350006
United Kingdom: +44- 74248 10299
Placement presentation
Dawoud Dar worked as a research technician at the University of Sheffield Medical School in Dr. Spencer J. Collis' neuro-oncological lab studying glioblastoma under the supervision of Ola Rominiyi. The lab used various 2D and 3D models to test novel combination drug therapies targeting multiple DNA damage response pathways to inhibit glioblastoma tumor growth and treatment resistance, including drugs like Ouabain and Curcumin with and without radiotherapy. Dar helped present the lab's research at the Society of Neuro-Oncology conference and gained skills in various laboratory techniques, scientific writing, problem solving, and teamwork during the placement.
Use of Simulation- based Training for Cancer Education among Nigerian Clinicians
Background: Among the many limitations of cancer control in Nigeria are lower awareness/competence and poorer training of health-care professionals (HCP). These manifest as deficiencies in advocacy, screening/diagnostic practices, and patient management. Medical simulation (MS) using models is an effective approach for sustainably improving the competence of HCP, especially regarding clinical breast examination (CBE), pelvic examination (PE), and digital rectal examination (DRE). The study evaluates the effect of MS during a Nigerian training course focusing on CBE, PE, and DRE. It answers the question: What is the immediate outcome of MS-based training, as well as the perspectives of HCP on the use of MS for cancer education? Methods: Participants included a convenience sample of Nigerian physicians and nurses who attended the American Society of Clinical Oncology-sponsored Multidisciplinary Cancer Management Course. The intervention was MS using high-fidelity models. The models demonstrated normal anatomic and common pathologic features of the breast, cervical, and prostate. Participants cycled through MS stations (i.e., CBE, PE, and DRE). Pre- and post-training surveys with comments evaluating self-reported comfort levels were the basis for comparison. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Chi-square, and thematic analysis. Results: A total of 51 participants completed course evaluation forms (physicians - 35 and nurses - 16), with an average number of years in practice as 8 (±5.2) years. Pre-training survey showed non-significant differences in practices patterns; 71% (22/35) of physicians rarely performed PE (P=0.92), and 93% (14/16) of nurses rarely performed DRE (P=0.07). According to some participants, “the use of simulation is quite commendable as it gives room for improvement before using a human; it is the best method of learning I have ever enjoyed.” Conclusion: MS-based training significantly improved the comfort levels of participants regarding CBE and PE, as well as their likelihood to perform CBE, PE, and DRE. Participants recommend widespread use of MS for continuing medical education and undergraduate training.
Online master in molecular oncology
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Dna replication 2
The document discusses DNA replication and the role of the APOBEC protein. It summarizes that DNA replication is the process where one DNA molecule makes two identical copies of itself. It then explains that the APOBEC protein normally protects against viruses but can also cause mutations during DNA replication, potentially leading to cancer. The student notes it is important to understand these mechanisms to research ways to prevent cancer. A second section discusses how cancer cells can maintain telomere length to continue replicating, and researchers have identified the protein SMARCAL1 as playing a key role in this alternative lengthening of telomeres pathway used by some cancer cells. Understanding this pathway could lead to new targeted cancer therapies.
Dna replication
The document discusses DNA replication and how it can go awry. It normally faithfully copies DNA but the APOBEC protein, which normally protects against viruses, can instead cause mutations by interfering with replication. This can lead to cancer. Researchers identified that the protein SMARCAL1 is key to alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), a pathway cancer cells use to maintain telomere length and bypass growth arrest. Understanding these replication and repair pathways could lead to new targeted cancer therapies.
05 Mesotelioma pleural maligno y timoma
Autor/a Dra. Pilar Lianes
V Jornada de Revisión del Congreso Mundial de Cáncer de Pulmón.
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UROP Final poster
This study aims to use morphometric analysis of nuclear and nucleolar structures to distinguish between epithelial (EPI) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) states of prostate cancer cell lines. Images of PC3 cell nuclei and nucleoli stained with fluorescent probes are analyzed using software to measure 3D characteristics. Preliminary results show a difference between EPI and EMT conditions. Further analysis of additional cell lines as well as correlating gene expression with nuclear positioning may help characterize differences and improve early cancer detection.
ASCB annual meeting 2014 -Emil Lou - presentation at Subgroup V session on "...
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This six-month progress report summarizes work done on a project aiming to profile microRNA expression during hepatic differentiation from human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The objectives accomplished so far include obtaining necessary approvals and collecting 12 human umbilical cords from which Wharton's jelly was isolated without enzymes using an explant method. The isolated Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells were maintained in culture. Future work will involve differentiating the cells into hepatocyte-like cells and profiling microRNA expression at different stages of differentiation.
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This document summarizes tissue engineering approaches for engineering cardiovascular tissues. It discusses how cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and current treatment limitations. The main targets for tissue engineering are blood vessels, heart muscle, and heart valves. Commonly used biomaterials include polymeric scaffolds, hydrogels, and decellularized tissues. Appropriate cell types and biomolecules are also discussed. The challenges of engineering different cardiovascular tissues like blood vessels, heart valves, and heart muscle are briefly outlined.
Cell differentiation
Cell differentiation begins with undifferentiated cells that can become any cell type. Gene expression and environmental signals determine each cell's specialization. While all cells contain the same DNA, different genes are activated in different cell types. Specialized cells like nerve, muscle, and blood cells have unique structures and functions. Stem cells can renew themselves and differentiate into specialized cell types, making them useful for research and medical applications like treating disease and injury. Embryonic stem cells come from embryos and adult stem cells reside in tissues, with induced pluripotent stem cells generated from adult cells.
Future orthopedics basics of stem cells and tissue engineering dr.sandeep c a...
Future orthopedics basics of stem cells and tissue engineering dr.sandeep c a...AGRASEN Fracture Arthritis Hospital, Ganesh Nagar,Gondia,Maharashtra,INDIA
Stem Cells,BMAC,PRP,Scaffold,Regenerative Medicine,Chondrocytes,Mesenchymal cells,FUTURE ORTHOPEDICS BASICS OF STEM CELLS AND TISSUE ENGINEERING Dr.Sandeep C Agrawal Gondia Maharashtra IndiaStem Cells
During development, cells differentiate to become specialized cell types like muscle, nerve, or skin cells. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can differentiate into various cell types. There are embryonic stem cells found in early-stage embryos and adult stem cells found in tissues like bone marrow. Stem cells may help with regenerative medicine by repairing or replacing damaged cells and tissues, but embryonic stem cell research raises ethical issues because it involves human embryos.
Induced pluripotent stem cells
The document discusses induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which are derived from adult somatic cells that are reprogrammed by introducing genes associated with pluripotency. iPSCs were first generated in 2006 and resemble embryonic stem cells. They can be produced from a person's own cells and have potential applications in disease modeling, drug development, and regenerative medicine without ethical issues associated with embryonic stem cells.
STEM CELLS IN PERIODONTICS
GUYS ITS TO MAKE EASY FOR PERIO PGS- SEMINAR ON STEMCELLS . HOPE ITS USEFUL. LOTS OF LOVE FOR ALL FELLOW PERIODONTISTS
Properties and uses of stem cells
A stem cell is a "blank" cell that can give rise to multiple tissue types such as a skin, muscle, or nerve cell.
Under certain physiologic or experimental conditions, they can be induced to become tissue- or organ-specific cells with special functions.
Stem Cell Technology
Dr. B. Victor presented on stem cell technology. He discussed different types of stem cells including embryonic stem cells, which are pluripotent and derived from embryos, and adult stem cells, which are multipotent and found in adult tissues. Stem cells can differentiate into specialized cell types and have potential applications in cell therapy and tissue engineering to treat diseases. However, the use of embryonic stem cells is considered ethically controversial as it requires embryo destruction.
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
What are stem cells? This presentation provides an overview of multiple different stem cells including embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, cancer stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells and neural stem cells.
Biological Presentation On Stem Cells
The document discusses different types of stem cells including adult stem cells, fetal stem cells, and embryonic stem cells. It notes that adult stem cell research has had 74 clinical successes in treating various diseases and conditions, while embryonic stem cell research has had no successes and risks tumor formation. The document raises ethical issues with extracting stem cells from embryos and fetuses as it requires their destruction. It concludes that adult stem cells are a promising research area that avoids ethical issues.
Stem cell therapy
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and can self-renew. There are several types of stem cells including embryonic, adult, and fetal stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are the most versatile but also raise ethical issues, while adult stem cells are more limited in their differentiation potential. Stem cell therapy works by stem cells differentiating into the type of cells needed to repair damaged tissue when transplanted into the body. Current applications of stem cell therapy include treating diseases like cancer, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease.
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What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
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It Is Time to Reevaluate the Management of Patients With Brain Metastases
This document discusses 5 common misconceptions that clinicians have regarding treatment of patients with brain metastases. It summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Tossif Ghodiwala aimed at reevaluating the management of these patients. The 5 misconceptions are: 1) all tumor histologies are the same, 2) number of lesions matters most rather than total tumor volume, 3) micrometastases are always present, 4) whole brain radiation is always harmful, and 5) most metastases cause obvious symptoms. For each misconception, the document provides the current evidence and perspective that these views are outdated and that a more personalized approach is needed.
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1) A student attended a seminar given by an MD/PhD student about cancer stem cells in brain tumors.
2) The speaker explained that brain tumors like glioblastoma multiforme contain rare stem-like cancer cells that are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation.
3) These "cancer stem cells" are thought to be responsible for tumor metastasis and recurrence, so studying them could help improve brain tumor treatment.
July 2011, Scientific News
This document discusses three main topics:
1) Pericytes, not glial cells, are the primary cells that form scar tissue after spinal cord injuries. Identifying pericytes could help repair spinal cord damage.
2) Increased stiffness in cancer cells activates proteins associated with cancer growth and metastasis. Manipulating cell stiffness could help stop cancer progression.
3) Applying mechanical force to cells activates cancer-linked proteins, revealing a potential pathway between physical tension and tumor formation. Further study may yield new cancer treatments.
Jessian eneida
The document summarizes a seminar about the relationship between stem cells and brain tumors. The seminar discussed that stem cells are found in bone marrow and can generate mature cells, and that there are different types of aggressive brain tumors. It was explained that cancer stem cells are resistant to chemotherapy and need microRNAs to be killed, as microRNAs can regulate genes involved in cancer and help distinguish cancerous from non-cancerous tissue. The seminar inspired the author by showing scientific progress and the presenter's passion for research.
Stroma Cells May Inhibit the Growth of Pancreatic Cancer Tumors
A study by Drs. Oberstein and Olive found that certain stromal cells in pancreatic tumors may inhibit, rather than support, cancer growth in the earlier stages of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. When mice with pancreatic cancer and reduced stromal cells were treated with long-term chemotherapy, their survival decreased similar to results seen in human clinical trials. Further research indicates some stromal cell types can restrain pancreatic tumor development, disproving the common belief that stromal cells mainly promote cancer.
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The document discusses recent discoveries in DNA and stem cells that are enabling new cancer treatments. It describes how the protein MutL helps repair DNA errors, and how this relates to hereditary cancers. It also discusses how stem cell research is helping understand tumor risk from stem cell therapies by identifying pathways for stem cell self-propagation and differentiation. The discoveries provide opportunities to develop targeted cancer therapies and better understand genetic diseases and stem cell behavior.
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This document summarizes two scientific articles. The first article discusses how the condensin protein folds chromosome arms during cell division in yeast, helping prevent errors. The second article discusses how scientists identified molecular mechanisms behind DNA breakage, a hallmark of cancer cells, finding some DNA regions are more susceptible to damage and cancer results when repair mechanisms fail. The document discusses potential medical applications, like developing new treatments that target these molecules to help prevent genetic disorders and cancers.
Is Cancer a Genetic Disease? | The Cancer Genome Atlas Project Results
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Today we’re going to put the genetic theory of cancer to the test to find out once-and-for-all if cancer is a genetic disease. From studies on frog egg tumor transplants, to cybrids to the cancer genome atlas project, we're going to look deep into the evidence and see what we find.
For the show notes, go to:
http://www.endalldisease.com/episode11
All of my videos, podcasts and articles are and will always be free. If you enjoyed this video and want to support my work, you can do so by donating, buying one of my bestselling books or red light therapy devices below.
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Plegable molecular
The document discusses two scientific studies. The first study found that a specific stage in the cell cycle (G1 phase) being altered can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development when telomeres are shortened. The second study discovered that after a heart attack in zebrafish, muscle cells from the undamaged atrium migrated into the damaged ventricle and transformed into ventricular cells, helping regenerate the heart tissue and restore cardiac function.
DNA REPLICATION NEWS
The document discusses DNA replication and recent research findings. It begins with an introduction to DNA replication and how it allows cells to duplicate their genome during cell division. It then summarizes two recent studies: one finding that the replication stress response protein SMARCAL1 plays a key role in maintaining telomere stability, and the other showing that the protein APOBEC can induce mutations by taking advantage of single-stranded DNA during replication of the lagging strand. The studies provide new insights into cancer cell replication pathways and genes that could be targeted for new cancer therapies.
DNA structure, chromosomes and reparation
Noticias acerca de cancer colorectal y nuevos enfoques terapeuticos desde biologia molecular y la inactivacion del cromosoma X.
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The Opposing Viewpoint of Stem Cell
Stem cell research explores the nature and growth capabilities of cells essential for ensuring replacement of cells in living organisms (Paddock, 2017). Such cells have an advantage of being manipulated to any type of cells as it is deemed necessary by the scientists based on scarcity or slow rejuvenation process of the natural cells. The general public has largely adopted a reserved approach to stem cell research and therapy despite the positive research and development showcased by leading scientists including;
· Jun Takahashi: he explored the safety and applicability of stem cell therapy in primates in relations to the Parkinson’s disease, recording a major success between the interaction of human cells and animals (Sandoiu). Furthermore, no long-term negative effect was established from the treatment that saw full recovery of the primates.
· Hai Nguyen, Aileen Anderson and colleagues: carried a similar exercise on injured mice to record tremendous success of the donor cells in a period ranging immediately after the induction process to at most one month (Society for Neuroscience. 2017).
· Scientists from the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute in Los Angeles CA: highlighted the need for stem therapy in replacing aging heart muscles using rats (Paddock, 2017). The induced cells were able to grow and multiply thus repair the heart muscles of the older rats to improve the general body functioning.
Despite the breathtaking discoveries as tested and presented by these scientists, ethical concerns have prevailed to the dismay of an excited global scientists’ fraternity. The general public is cautious in its approach to stem cell therapy from various reasons ranging from the potential to cause cancer to how the media overrates the treatment process that still has critical gaps to full implementation (Begley, 2017). There are two major concerns that arise from the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute research as reported by Paddock. The first concern as perceived by the layman defined as the general public is the fact the findings are based on animals other than human beings. This experiment was purely run on rodent tissue thus raising a legitimate query as to the consistency if replicated in humans. The second concern arises from Paddocks admission that the scientists proposed the need for further research to determine whether the findings are only valid when the donors are young (2017).
Since the same article admits the fact modern day medicine has seen prolonged life with a possibility of the elderly to exceed the children population, such a dependency on young donors may endanger the human species in the long run.
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Living Well at First Sight
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10 oncologic research
This document discusses several topics related to cancer research and treatment. It begins by explaining that cancer arises from errors in cell replication that can be caused by environmental or lifestyle factors. It then discusses several studies, including one finding that daily multivitamin supplements may reduce cancer risk in older men, and another showing that ovarian cancer screenings are not effective in reducing mortality. The document also discusses how cancer stem cells can fuel tumor growth and how targeting these cells may lead to more effective treatments. Overall, it presents the complexity of cancers and explores new strategies for research based on a deeper understanding of the disease at the cellular level.
TJU_Newsletter 2008_summer Li photo
The document provides updates from various departments at the Kimmel Cancer Center. It announces new treatments for prostate cancer including high intensity focused ultrasound. It highlights advances in areas like radiation oncology, integrative medicine, and stem cell research. It recognizes support from donors and announces new rankings for cancer care.
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Chromosome’s structure has different parts that confer it stability and function during the cell cycle, allowing the integrity of the cell throughout all the process. In this group of structures the telomeres and gene p53 have a huge importance.
Telomeres are protein caps on the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that act as a DNA protector. The shortening of the telomere length occurs in every cell cycle, determining the cell´s reproductive capacity and life expectancy. Because of that, these structures are an indicator of cell aging and cancer.
The p53 gene acts as a protective defense against DNA alterations, producing defensive responses such as apoptosis. Then, a mutation of this gene can lead to cancer, because there is not recognition of the modified DNA.
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This document summarizes research on using stem cells to treat malignant brain tumors. It discusses the limitations of current standard treatments and emerging stem cell therapies. While preclinical studies show neural stem cells can target brain tumors, clinical trials have shown dismal efficacy. The document reviews that a small fraction of applied stem cells reach tumors, while most cannot. It proposes training stem cells in a native tissue environment to help them move through barriers and target tumors. Specifically, it presents data validating an engineered tissue graft culture platform can produce stem cells with better distribution for targeting tumors than standard culture methods.
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Resume
Juan Carlos Torres Sanchez is seeking research experience in immunology and virology. He has a B.A. from the University of Puerto Rico-Cayey Campus and conducted research as part of the Summer Bridge Program and a high school student research program. His research experience includes participating in a high school student research program and authoring a paper on predicting mutations and strain comparison of Clostridium Tetani's toxin. He has skills in teamwork, organization, responsibility, time efficiency, microscopy techniques, micropipetting, and scientific review paper writing.
Lab assignment 3
This document provides instructions for laboratory writing assignments for the University of Puerto Rico - Cayey RISE Program. Students are asked to write an 8-10 sentence summary paragraph of 160-170 words for each assignment. They must complete an attached template and email it to Dr. Elena Gonzalez for grading using the provided rubric. Within two days, students must email the assignment to the instructor with any corrections. The rubric assesses the purpose and techniques, biological competence, English competence, and critical thinking demonstrated in the summary.
Lab assignment 2 revised
1) The document provides instructions for laboratory writing assignments as part of the RISE Program at the University of Puerto Rico - Cayey. It details the requirements for assignment summaries, including length, formatting, and grading rubric.
2) Three sample laboratory assignment summaries are included as examples. The first summarizes experiments involving column chromatography and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis to isolate and identify proteins from egg whites. The second describes experiments and a sheep brain dissection in a neurobiology workshop. The third explains in silico structure-based drug design to discover new drugs through computer modeling of protein-drug interactions.
3) The assignments and examples demonstrate techniques used in biomedical research laboratories to
Lab assignment 1 revised 2
The document provides instructions and templates for laboratory writing assignments as part of the RISE Program at the University of Puerto Rico - Cayey. It details 3 workshops that students participated in to learn various laboratory techniques. The first workshop covered microscopy techniques including bright field, dark field, and phase contrast microscopy as well as photomicrography. The second workshop involved using micropipettes, performing aseptic techniques, and working with bacteria. The third workshop over 3 days taught techniques in DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis, protein separation, and detection of oncogenes and oncoproteins. The document emphasizes that mastery of these laboratory techniques is important for scientific discovery and diagnostic applications in
Bioinformatics, comparative genemics and proteomics
Bioinformatics uses computer tools to analyze genomic DNA sequences and takes a more global perspective in experimental design. Comparative genomics studies the relationship of genome structure and function across species, exploiting similarities and differences to infer evolutionary changes. Proteomics is the large-scale study of protein structure and function, analyzing the complete set of proteins specified by a genome. Together, bioinformatics, comparative genomics, and proteomics have helped gather knowledge about mycobacteriophages and improve disease research.
P pt rise insilico 2
This document summarizes research into discovering inhibitors for the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD2 through in silico methods. The researchers generated pharmacophore models of the S-adenosyl methionine binding site of SETD2 and screened a database of over 150,000 compounds. Top hits with predicted binding energies below -9 kcal/mol were identified, and future work will involve refining models, screening more databases, and testing top compounds in assays. The goal is to identify novel SETD2 inhibitors for potential use in cancer treatment targeting epigenetic changes.
In silico discovery of histone methyltranferase 1
This study investigated potential inhibitors of the histone methyltransferase SETD2 using in silico methods. Two pharmacophore models were generated and used to screen a database of 150,000 compounds, filtering it to 31,669 potential leads. Molecular docking ranked these by predicted binding energy, identifying 58 compounds with binding energies from -9.7 to -9.0 kcal/mol. Further refinement of the models and testing of top-scoring compounds may reveal inhibitors of histone methylation and cancer progression.
Biblio 3 official
This document summarizes a research article that evaluated cystatin C as a potential biomarker for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). The study found that cystatin C concentration decreased in the cerebral spinal fluid but increased in the plasma of ALS patients compared to healthy individuals. Cystatin C levels in cerebral spinal fluid were also found to correlate with patient survival time, demonstrating its potential utility as a prognostic biomarker. The results suggest cystatin C may play a neuroprotective role in ALS and represent an important step towards identifying a biomarker that could aid in early detection and monitoring of the disease.
Biblio 2 official
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons and usually results in death within 2-5 years of symptom onset. Researchers used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to analyze cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) samples from ALS patients and controls to search for biomarkers in early ALS. The study found that NMR spectroscopy, when combined with other analytical techniques, could detect changes in certain CSF metabolite concentrations for ALS patients. However, the mechanisms of ALS are complex and no single biomarker has been identified that could replace regular patient checkups.
Biblio 1 official
This document summarizes a research study that aimed to identify biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) through profiling of cerebrospinal fluid from ALS patients and control subjects. The study utilized surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry to analyze cerebrospinal fluid samples. Three potential biomarkers - transthyretin, cystatin C, and carboxy-terminal fragment of neuroendocrine protein 7B2 - were identified, and two were validated as biomarkers that distinguished ALS patients from control subjects.
Juan carlos ppt als
This document discusses using proteomics and metabolomics techniques to identify biomarkers for early detection of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It describes previous proteomics studies that identified three biomarkers in CSF and interest in cystatin C as a diagnostic biomarker. Metabolomics studies using NMR on CSF have also found 17 relevant metabolites and perturbations in glucose metabolism. The conclusion is that proteomics and metabolomics show promise as techniques for early ALS detection but require further validation studies.
Juan carlos review paper final
Proteomics and metabolomics studies are investigating biomarkers for early detection of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Proteomics identified three biomarkers, including decreased transthyretin and increased cystatin C levels. Metabolomics identified 17 potential biomarkers by analyzing cerebrospinal fluid and found perturbations in glucose metabolism. While these areas of research have advanced biomarker identification, validation of results is still needed. Continued studies may allow biomarkers to be used in routine patient checkups to enable early diagnosis and treatment of ALS.
Reflection 3 official
Leiddy Alvarado gave a seminar about her research using metabolomic techniques like NMR and MS to identify biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer recurrence in patients. Her research has identified eleven potential biomarkers and passed pre-validation testing, giving hope that a simple blood test could predict prognosis without invasive surgery. If fully validated and commercialized, this technique could allow patients to learn their prognosis through a basic blood test instead of surgery or high medical costs. Metabolomic studies may also be useful for detecting biomarkers of other diseases beyond cancer.
Reflection 2 official
The seminar exposed the author to new concepts in proteomics and biomarkers. Biomarkers help trace cancers by identifying sets of proteins encoded in a genome. Mass spectrometry is important for discovering protein biomarkers by analyzing serum and tissue samples. However, proteomics presents challenges in determining which potential biomarkers identified are most likely to be valid, as many may be identified but require further validation stages to identify the ones most effective. It is difficult to reach the final validation stage, requiring perseverance from investigators.
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This document compares the Yunque Rainforest and Guanica Dry Forest biomes in Puerto Rico. The Yunque Rainforest receives 200-400 cm of annual precipitation and supports a diversity of broadleaf trees, epiphytes, and 200+ plant species. The Guanica Dry Forest receives 150-200 cm annually with a long dry season, and its plants like button mangroves and acacias have adaptations like thorns and reduced leaves to resist water loss. Methodologies conducted in each forest examined soil properties, temperature, and vegetation differences driven by their distinct climates.
Propuesta de rise completa
This study aims to demonstrate how glucose levels affect beta cell regeneration in type 1 diabetic rats. Rats will be divided into three groups: non-diabetic controls, and two diabetic groups with induced high or moderate glucose levels. Glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin will be measured over six months. The researchers hypothesize that the group with moderate glucose levels will regenerate 50% of beta cells due to better glucose metabolism and control.
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Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
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Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
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- 1. AUTHOR Juan Carlos Torres Sánchez804-11-9230 BIOL 3095 DATE 9/5/11 <br />Seminar 1 on Stem Cells, Discussing the Seminar Presentation<br /> On September 26 and 27, we had a seminar with Jessian Muñoz, a college graduate student at New Jersey Medical School. This experience has opened my mind in a new aspect of science I did not know quite well, the cancer stem cells. How could cancer stem cells be the primary consequence of brain tumors? That question was well answered by our seminar person of this week, which was Jessian Muñoz. Due to his knowledge, we learned about brain tumors, what the starting point is and about a new topic, the microRNA. The microRNA was discovered in the human genome project, which demonstrates how science discoveries have made lots of great advances in benefits of health care. Dysfunction in microRNA signaling is present in all cancers that have been studied thus far.<br /> There was also the discussion about cancer stem cells (CSC). Cancer stem cells are the cause of brain tumors, the problem that we had before was that with chemotherapy, the cells that were target were the ones around the cancer stem cells so the cancer would normally spread again. What they are trying to do is to target with chemo and radiotherapy cancer stem cells for a better result. They are encountering problems with this procedure also as cancer stem cells are reappearing after therapy. Jessian’s lifelong goals changed during the course of his studies, he went from wanting to be a pedriatitian to studying a PhD. This demonstrates how it doesn’t matter how long it will take or if I change my goals, as long as I persevere it will be all worth it at the end. I recommend these types of seminars to anyone who wants to get more knowledge on exciting topics. <br />