Wu's text lacks slides. I've made slides for my lectures and include Chapters 3-6 in this set. I use Libreoffice so there may be some distortion in the layouts.
Slides made from "A Guide to Social Return on Investment - Principle 2: Understanding What Changes" by the Social Value UK organization. This could also go in the Economics or Investor Relations categories.
The presentation discusses the conceptual framework for public policy planning in a step-by-step approach. It involves systematic mode, incremental mode, ad-hoc mode, importation mode of policy generation. Before the end, it will cover the aspects of policy implementation and impact assessment processes.
Defines the policy,lists the main features of a policy , the step by step process of policy formulation and implementation,describes the criteria to judge the efficacy and chances of success of policy and lastly the weaknesses of policy formulation in a developing country like Pakistan
This document discusses the nature of policy analysis. It defines policy analysis as the examination and evaluation of policy options to address public issues. An effective process involves empirical research, data collection, and input from stakeholders. The document then provides a brief history of the field, outlining how it has evolved from a focus on institutions to include analysis of actual policy content and processes. It describes the most common four-step model used in policy analysis: 1) describing problems and solutions, 2) determining costs, 3) determining outcomes, and 4) making recommendations. The document concludes by discussing traditional views on the nature of public policy.
This document provides an overview of comparative politics analysis and the policymaking process. It discusses the key stages of policymaking including problem definition, agenda setting, decision making, implementation, and evaluation. It describes analytical frameworks for understanding policies and compares policymaking systems across countries. The document also examines factors that influence each stage of policymaking and criteria for assessing implementation effectiveness.
The document discusses rationales for government intervention in markets. It outlines efficiency-oriented rationales including addressing market failures like public goods, externalities, economies of scale, and imperfect competition. It also discusses non-efficiency rationales for intervention to address concerns about income, demands from interest groups, and goals like welfare, sustainability, and security. The role of the state is to intervene when markets are not performing adequately or allocating resources optimally due to various market failures and to address other social and economic objectives.
The document discusses strategic planning in foreign policy decision making. It describes strategic planning as a process for determining what decisions need to be made and finding alternatives for each decision. Strategic planning can affect foreign policy through plans, planning, and planners. It brings systematic processes to foreign policy decisions but there is a risk of too much interference undermining goals. The Cuban Missile Crisis is presented as an example where President Kennedy employed strategic planning principles like flexibility and careful consideration of options to resolve the crisis and avoid nuclear war.
Slides made from "A Guide to Social Return on Investment - Principle 2: Understanding What Changes" by the Social Value UK organization. This could also go in the Economics or Investor Relations categories.
The presentation discusses the conceptual framework for public policy planning in a step-by-step approach. It involves systematic mode, incremental mode, ad-hoc mode, importation mode of policy generation. Before the end, it will cover the aspects of policy implementation and impact assessment processes.
Defines the policy,lists the main features of a policy , the step by step process of policy formulation and implementation,describes the criteria to judge the efficacy and chances of success of policy and lastly the weaknesses of policy formulation in a developing country like Pakistan
This document discusses the nature of policy analysis. It defines policy analysis as the examination and evaluation of policy options to address public issues. An effective process involves empirical research, data collection, and input from stakeholders. The document then provides a brief history of the field, outlining how it has evolved from a focus on institutions to include analysis of actual policy content and processes. It describes the most common four-step model used in policy analysis: 1) describing problems and solutions, 2) determining costs, 3) determining outcomes, and 4) making recommendations. The document concludes by discussing traditional views on the nature of public policy.
This document provides an overview of comparative politics analysis and the policymaking process. It discusses the key stages of policymaking including problem definition, agenda setting, decision making, implementation, and evaluation. It describes analytical frameworks for understanding policies and compares policymaking systems across countries. The document also examines factors that influence each stage of policymaking and criteria for assessing implementation effectiveness.
The document discusses rationales for government intervention in markets. It outlines efficiency-oriented rationales including addressing market failures like public goods, externalities, economies of scale, and imperfect competition. It also discusses non-efficiency rationales for intervention to address concerns about income, demands from interest groups, and goals like welfare, sustainability, and security. The role of the state is to intervene when markets are not performing adequately or allocating resources optimally due to various market failures and to address other social and economic objectives.
The document discusses strategic planning in foreign policy decision making. It describes strategic planning as a process for determining what decisions need to be made and finding alternatives for each decision. Strategic planning can affect foreign policy through plans, planning, and planners. It brings systematic processes to foreign policy decisions but there is a risk of too much interference undermining goals. The Cuban Missile Crisis is presented as an example where President Kennedy employed strategic planning principles like flexibility and careful consideration of options to resolve the crisis and avoid nuclear war.
This document provides an overview of public policy analysis. It discusses definitions of public policy, typologies of public policy, why governments intervene in markets, models of the policy process, and approaches to policy analysis. The key points are:
1) Public policy is defined in various ways but generally refers to courses of action by governments to address issues of public concern.
2) Public policy can be categorized in typologies such as patronage/promotional, regulatory, and redistributive policies.
3) Governments intervene in markets when societies desire certain goods like healthcare but the free market does not adequately provide them, or when markets fail due to issues like externalities, information problems, or barriers to entry.
What makes indicators successful? Lessons from practitionersnefwellbeing
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy
This document outlines chapter 1 of the textbook "Understanding Public Policy". The chapter introduces the concepts of public policy and policy analysis. It discusses how policy analysis can be used to describe government actions, identify causes of policy problems, and determine policy consequences, but that the field has limitations due to complex human behavior and disagreements over problems and solutions. The chapter argues that policy analysis has both artistic and technical components.
This document discusses how social problems claimsmakers try to influence policy to address troubling social issues. It provides examples of how policy can be influenced through law and other means like corporations or churches. Key aspects of the policymaking process are described, including Kingdon's model of multiple streams that combine problems, proposals, and politics. Factors that influence policymaking include pressures from the public and claimsmakers, the rhetoric used to frame issues, and whether the goal is instrumental problem-solving or symbolic demonstration of values.
Public policy refers to actions taken or not taken by governments to address issues of public concern. It involves five key stages: policy identification, formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation. The policy process is complex, with many actors and factors influencing outcomes. Public policy aims to allocate societal values and implement programs to achieve goals. It is an ongoing process subject to constant change through actions of government agencies and officials over time.
Dissertation in Politics - US Foreign Policy Decision Making in IraqVijay Luhan
This chapter introduces foreign policy analysis and its importance in understanding how the US made the decision to invade Iraq in 2003. Foreign policy analysis examines the process of decision making rather than just explaining why decisions were made. The chapter discusses how foreign policy analysis provides a framework to systematically study the sequence of events and decision making process leading up to the invasion. It will use Graham Allison's models of foreign policy analysis to examine how actors in the Bush administration were unified or divided in their interests regarding invading Iraq.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the contextual determinants of national political parties' declared support for New Public Management (NPM) style reforms in their electoral programs across 14 European countries from 1997 to 2011. The paper develops a theoretical framework of five hypotheses about how economic, institutional, and political contexts may influence NPM rhetoric. It then uses regression analysis of data from the Comparative Manifesto Project and other sources to find empirical support for most hypotheses. The results suggest national parties adopted NPM reform rhetoric more in contexts of higher income, fiscal stress, ineffective government, and centralization, and that right-wing parties supported it more strongly than left-wing ones.
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy.
During the project we are carrying out research and interviews, conducting workshops and knowledge-brokerage seminars and undertaking various action research case studies to explore ways to improve the uptake of Beyond GDP indicators.
What is Beyond GDP? And how are Beyond GDP indicators used?nefwellbeing
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy.
The document outlines the policy analysis and formulation process at the National Defence College. It begins with conceptual definitions of key terms like policy, public policy, strategy, policy analysis, formulation, and implementation. It then covers characteristics of policy like types, nature, and actors. Models of the policy process are presented including rational-comprehensive and stages models. The scope of the policy exercise at the college is described over three terms involving analysis, formulation, and implementation. An outline for policy analysis and formulation is provided as an example of the process taught.
This document summarizes two policy documents: Program-for-Results Financing from the World Bank, and Consultative Guidelines for Sustainable Urban Development Cooperation from the European Commission.
The Program-for-Results Financing provides a new lending instrument to support government programs through results-based disbursements. The Consultative Guidelines provide a framework for sustainable urban development cooperation, focusing on issues like transport, water, and employment.
While both aim to advance development goals, the Program-for-Results Financing provides stronger implementation mechanisms and measurable targets, whereas the Consultative Guidelines lack implementation details and quantifiable targets.
Outcome Mapping (OM) is a participatory method for planning, monitoring, and evaluating projects focused on social and organizational learning. It is oriented towards changes in behavior of those the project works with rather than direct results. OM recognizes that policy change is complex, unstable, non-linear, and beyond a project's control but subject to influence. It focuses on a project's contribution rather than attribution, and identifies and focuses efforts on key agents of change. OM monitors behavioral changes in target actors and their environment over time.
This document provides an overview of policy analysis, outlining several key points:
- It defines policy analysis and describes it as a process used to determine what a policy will or has achieved. Approaches include descriptive analysis of existing policies and prescriptive analysis to formulate new policies.
- The importance of policy analysis is highlighted, such as assessing situations, seeking acceptance, providing opportunities for modification, and facilitating evidence-based decision making.
- Several models of policy analysis are described, including process, substantive, eightfold path, logical-positivist, and participatory policy analysis.
- The use of indicators and outcomes to evaluate policies is discussed, noting they can measure results at the population, agency
This document provides an overview of policy analysis, outlining several key points:
- It defines policy analysis and describes it as a process used to determine what a policy will or has achieved. Approaches include descriptive analysis of existing policies and prescriptive analysis to formulate new policies.
- The importance of policy analysis is highlighted, such as assessing situations, seeking acceptance, providing opportunities for modification, and facilitating evidence-based decision making.
- Several models of policy analysis are described, including process, substantive, eightfold path, logical-positivist, and participatory policy analysis.
- The use of indicators and outcomes to evaluate policies is discussed, noting they can measure results at the population, agency
Building Skills for Economic Evaluation across Government: The case of IrelandOECD Governance
Presentation from the launch of "The Irish Government Economic and Evaluation Service - Using Evidence-Informed Policy Making to Improve Performance". For further information see: oe.cd/igees
International Economic Policy Analysis for Africa and developing countries.pptxGeorgeKabongah2
This course provides the theoretical, historical, institutional and technical background for effective advocacy of international economic policy.
The focus is on the political economy of international trade, foreign direct investment, exchange rates, portfolio capital flows and the balance of payments, industrial policy and international labor migration.
It is not a course on economics and students are not expected to have any background in the study of economics though some economic concepts will be employed and discussed.
Processes and Institutions for Effective ex post EvaluationOECD Governance
Presentation by Nick Malyshev, Regulatory Policy Division, OECD, at the 9th Conference on Measuring Regulatory Performance - Closing the Regulatory Cycle: Effective ex post Evaluation for Improved Policy Outcomes which took place in Lisbon on 20-21 June 2017. Further information is available at www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/measuring-regulatory-performance.htm.
This document discusses policy implementation. It defines implementation as converting policy intentions into actions and outcomes. It describes top-down and bottom-up approaches to implementation and categories for identifying problems. Challenges to implementation include lack of support, capacity issues, and barriers like weak political support, poor design, and limited funding. Strategies for managers include designing policies with implementation in mind, mobilizing resources quickly while building capacity, and managing the change process. Understanding context is also important to successful implementation.
Example of Company Profile CONFIDENTIAL Swiss-Asian Chamb.docxgitagrimston
Example of Company Profile CONFIDENTIAL
Swiss-Asian Chamber of Commerce Business and Investment Mission to Thailand and Myanmar, Nov 17 to Nov 27, 2011
Business and Investment Mission to Thailand and Myanmar
COMPANY NAME / ADDRESS
Muster AG
Zeughausstrasse 19
3380 Wangen an der Aare
Telephone: + 41 (0) 32 613 20 73
Facsimile: + 41 (0) 32 613 20 80
E-Mail: [email protected]
Contact Person:
Mr. Fritz Muster
CEO / General Manager:
Mr. Heiri Muster
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Year Established: 1984
Regional presence: in Switzerland, England
and USA
ISO 9002 and TS 16949 certified
CURRENT ACTIVITIES
Supplier of precision turned parts to the
automotive-, medical-, communication-
and automation-industry.
Supplier of subassemblies to various
industries, such as domestic appliances,
house technology etc.
NATURE OF BUSINESS
NEIDA AG supply precision turned parts and
subassemblies. We have an extensive know-
how of manufacturing performances in metal,
especially turning and milling.
MAJOR PRODUCTS/SERVICES
Precision turned parts and Subassemblies
NEIDA choose the best manufacturing
method and machines available.
NEIDA then selects the most effective
location/subcontractors to achieve good
quality at the lowest cost.
NEIDA then monitor and control the order
throughout the entire production to achieve
the best product quality as required by our
customer.
COLLABORATIVE ARRANGEMENT SOUGHT
Close cooperation with Manufacturers in
Thailand to develop business opportunities in
the field of turned parts and subassemblies.
MAIN PURPOSE OF MEETING
PARTICULARLY WITH THAI COMPANIES
Know how transfer?
Looking for a distributor?
Joint Venture Partner?
COMPANY TARGETS
Manufacturing the most applicable parts
in Thailand for the European Market,
especially for the automotive industry.
COMPANY PROFILE
Sales Turnover: US$ 12’000’000
Registered Capital in USD: 100’000
Number of Employees: 20
Facilities:
large range of manufacturing equipment
at the location of our chosen and approved
subcontractors and at our own premises.
Major customers:
TRW, MAHLE, ABB, PARKER, HILTI etc.
Geographical Markets:
Central Europe, England and Asia
Export Markets (Countries):
Central Europe and USA
TYPE OF BUSINESS COOPERATION
NEIDA AG want to place new orders with
reliable and competitive manufacturers
BUSINESS INTEREST IN
NEIDA AG is interested to find competitive
manufacturers in order to increase sales in
Europe.
FORM OF INVESTMENT
NEIDA AG will invest into Know-How-
Transfer and into special technical
equipment to accomplish the specific
orders.
SACC_bms/22.09.2010
mailto:[email protected]
Unit 7: Business Strategy
Unit code: A/601/0796 QCF level: 5
Credit value: 15 ...
This document provides an overview of public policy analysis. It discusses definitions of public policy, typologies of public policy, why governments intervene in markets, models of the policy process, and approaches to policy analysis. The key points are:
1) Public policy is defined in various ways but generally refers to courses of action by governments to address issues of public concern.
2) Public policy can be categorized in typologies such as patronage/promotional, regulatory, and redistributive policies.
3) Governments intervene in markets when societies desire certain goods like healthcare but the free market does not adequately provide them, or when markets fail due to issues like externalities, information problems, or barriers to entry.
What makes indicators successful? Lessons from practitionersnefwellbeing
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy
This document outlines chapter 1 of the textbook "Understanding Public Policy". The chapter introduces the concepts of public policy and policy analysis. It discusses how policy analysis can be used to describe government actions, identify causes of policy problems, and determine policy consequences, but that the field has limitations due to complex human behavior and disagreements over problems and solutions. The chapter argues that policy analysis has both artistic and technical components.
This document discusses how social problems claimsmakers try to influence policy to address troubling social issues. It provides examples of how policy can be influenced through law and other means like corporations or churches. Key aspects of the policymaking process are described, including Kingdon's model of multiple streams that combine problems, proposals, and politics. Factors that influence policymaking include pressures from the public and claimsmakers, the rhetoric used to frame issues, and whether the goal is instrumental problem-solving or symbolic demonstration of values.
Public policy refers to actions taken or not taken by governments to address issues of public concern. It involves five key stages: policy identification, formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation. The policy process is complex, with many actors and factors influencing outcomes. Public policy aims to allocate societal values and implement programs to achieve goals. It is an ongoing process subject to constant change through actions of government agencies and officials over time.
Dissertation in Politics - US Foreign Policy Decision Making in IraqVijay Luhan
This chapter introduces foreign policy analysis and its importance in understanding how the US made the decision to invade Iraq in 2003. Foreign policy analysis examines the process of decision making rather than just explaining why decisions were made. The chapter discusses how foreign policy analysis provides a framework to systematically study the sequence of events and decision making process leading up to the invasion. It will use Graham Allison's models of foreign policy analysis to examine how actors in the Bush administration were unified or divided in their interests regarding invading Iraq.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the contextual determinants of national political parties' declared support for New Public Management (NPM) style reforms in their electoral programs across 14 European countries from 1997 to 2011. The paper develops a theoretical framework of five hypotheses about how economic, institutional, and political contexts may influence NPM rhetoric. It then uses regression analysis of data from the Comparative Manifesto Project and other sources to find empirical support for most hypotheses. The results suggest national parties adopted NPM reform rhetoric more in contexts of higher income, fiscal stress, ineffective government, and centralization, and that right-wing parties supported it more strongly than left-wing ones.
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy.
During the project we are carrying out research and interviews, conducting workshops and knowledge-brokerage seminars and undertaking various action research case studies to explore ways to improve the uptake of Beyond GDP indicators.
What is Beyond GDP? And how are Beyond GDP indicators used?nefwellbeing
BRAINPOoL (Bringing alternative indicators into policy) is an EU-funded project aimed at identifying and overcoming the barriers to ‘Beyond GDP’ indicators being used in policy.
The document outlines the policy analysis and formulation process at the National Defence College. It begins with conceptual definitions of key terms like policy, public policy, strategy, policy analysis, formulation, and implementation. It then covers characteristics of policy like types, nature, and actors. Models of the policy process are presented including rational-comprehensive and stages models. The scope of the policy exercise at the college is described over three terms involving analysis, formulation, and implementation. An outline for policy analysis and formulation is provided as an example of the process taught.
This document summarizes two policy documents: Program-for-Results Financing from the World Bank, and Consultative Guidelines for Sustainable Urban Development Cooperation from the European Commission.
The Program-for-Results Financing provides a new lending instrument to support government programs through results-based disbursements. The Consultative Guidelines provide a framework for sustainable urban development cooperation, focusing on issues like transport, water, and employment.
While both aim to advance development goals, the Program-for-Results Financing provides stronger implementation mechanisms and measurable targets, whereas the Consultative Guidelines lack implementation details and quantifiable targets.
Outcome Mapping (OM) is a participatory method for planning, monitoring, and evaluating projects focused on social and organizational learning. It is oriented towards changes in behavior of those the project works with rather than direct results. OM recognizes that policy change is complex, unstable, non-linear, and beyond a project's control but subject to influence. It focuses on a project's contribution rather than attribution, and identifies and focuses efforts on key agents of change. OM monitors behavioral changes in target actors and their environment over time.
This document provides an overview of policy analysis, outlining several key points:
- It defines policy analysis and describes it as a process used to determine what a policy will or has achieved. Approaches include descriptive analysis of existing policies and prescriptive analysis to formulate new policies.
- The importance of policy analysis is highlighted, such as assessing situations, seeking acceptance, providing opportunities for modification, and facilitating evidence-based decision making.
- Several models of policy analysis are described, including process, substantive, eightfold path, logical-positivist, and participatory policy analysis.
- The use of indicators and outcomes to evaluate policies is discussed, noting they can measure results at the population, agency
This document provides an overview of policy analysis, outlining several key points:
- It defines policy analysis and describes it as a process used to determine what a policy will or has achieved. Approaches include descriptive analysis of existing policies and prescriptive analysis to formulate new policies.
- The importance of policy analysis is highlighted, such as assessing situations, seeking acceptance, providing opportunities for modification, and facilitating evidence-based decision making.
- Several models of policy analysis are described, including process, substantive, eightfold path, logical-positivist, and participatory policy analysis.
- The use of indicators and outcomes to evaluate policies is discussed, noting they can measure results at the population, agency
Building Skills for Economic Evaluation across Government: The case of IrelandOECD Governance
Presentation from the launch of "The Irish Government Economic and Evaluation Service - Using Evidence-Informed Policy Making to Improve Performance". For further information see: oe.cd/igees
International Economic Policy Analysis for Africa and developing countries.pptxGeorgeKabongah2
This course provides the theoretical, historical, institutional and technical background for effective advocacy of international economic policy.
The focus is on the political economy of international trade, foreign direct investment, exchange rates, portfolio capital flows and the balance of payments, industrial policy and international labor migration.
It is not a course on economics and students are not expected to have any background in the study of economics though some economic concepts will be employed and discussed.
Processes and Institutions for Effective ex post EvaluationOECD Governance
Presentation by Nick Malyshev, Regulatory Policy Division, OECD, at the 9th Conference on Measuring Regulatory Performance - Closing the Regulatory Cycle: Effective ex post Evaluation for Improved Policy Outcomes which took place in Lisbon on 20-21 June 2017. Further information is available at www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/measuring-regulatory-performance.htm.
This document discusses policy implementation. It defines implementation as converting policy intentions into actions and outcomes. It describes top-down and bottom-up approaches to implementation and categories for identifying problems. Challenges to implementation include lack of support, capacity issues, and barriers like weak political support, poor design, and limited funding. Strategies for managers include designing policies with implementation in mind, mobilizing resources quickly while building capacity, and managing the change process. Understanding context is also important to successful implementation.
Example of Company Profile CONFIDENTIAL Swiss-Asian Chamb.docxgitagrimston
Example of Company Profile CONFIDENTIAL
Swiss-Asian Chamber of Commerce Business and Investment Mission to Thailand and Myanmar, Nov 17 to Nov 27, 2011
Business and Investment Mission to Thailand and Myanmar
COMPANY NAME / ADDRESS
Muster AG
Zeughausstrasse 19
3380 Wangen an der Aare
Telephone: + 41 (0) 32 613 20 73
Facsimile: + 41 (0) 32 613 20 80
E-Mail: [email protected]
Contact Person:
Mr. Fritz Muster
CEO / General Manager:
Mr. Heiri Muster
COMPANY BACKGROUND
Year Established: 1984
Regional presence: in Switzerland, England
and USA
ISO 9002 and TS 16949 certified
CURRENT ACTIVITIES
Supplier of precision turned parts to the
automotive-, medical-, communication-
and automation-industry.
Supplier of subassemblies to various
industries, such as domestic appliances,
house technology etc.
NATURE OF BUSINESS
NEIDA AG supply precision turned parts and
subassemblies. We have an extensive know-
how of manufacturing performances in metal,
especially turning and milling.
MAJOR PRODUCTS/SERVICES
Precision turned parts and Subassemblies
NEIDA choose the best manufacturing
method and machines available.
NEIDA then selects the most effective
location/subcontractors to achieve good
quality at the lowest cost.
NEIDA then monitor and control the order
throughout the entire production to achieve
the best product quality as required by our
customer.
COLLABORATIVE ARRANGEMENT SOUGHT
Close cooperation with Manufacturers in
Thailand to develop business opportunities in
the field of turned parts and subassemblies.
MAIN PURPOSE OF MEETING
PARTICULARLY WITH THAI COMPANIES
Know how transfer?
Looking for a distributor?
Joint Venture Partner?
COMPANY TARGETS
Manufacturing the most applicable parts
in Thailand for the European Market,
especially for the automotive industry.
COMPANY PROFILE
Sales Turnover: US$ 12’000’000
Registered Capital in USD: 100’000
Number of Employees: 20
Facilities:
large range of manufacturing equipment
at the location of our chosen and approved
subcontractors and at our own premises.
Major customers:
TRW, MAHLE, ABB, PARKER, HILTI etc.
Geographical Markets:
Central Europe, England and Asia
Export Markets (Countries):
Central Europe and USA
TYPE OF BUSINESS COOPERATION
NEIDA AG want to place new orders with
reliable and competitive manufacturers
BUSINESS INTEREST IN
NEIDA AG is interested to find competitive
manufacturers in order to increase sales in
Europe.
FORM OF INVESTMENT
NEIDA AG will invest into Know-How-
Transfer and into special technical
equipment to accomplish the specific
orders.
SACC_bms/22.09.2010
mailto:[email protected]
Unit 7: Business Strategy
Unit code: A/601/0796 QCF level: 5
Credit value: 15 ...
This document outlines the public policy formulation process. It begins with defining key concepts like policy and public policy. The public policy formulation process has four phases - initiation, generation, implementation, and evaluation. The initiation phase involves agenda-setting, identifying policy issues, and stakeholder engagement. The generation phase is when policies are formulated and drafted. Implementation involves enacting the policies. Evaluation is monitoring and assessing the policies. The document provides details on steps like policy analysis and stakeholder consultation that are part of the initiation and generation phases of the public policy formulation process.
The document discusses agricultural policy making in Kenya. It notes that agriculture is a key economic sector but faces challenges like poor policy formulation and implementation. The 2010 constitution made the process more complex by devolving some agricultural functions to county governments (1).
The national government is responsible for policies, guidelines, disaster management, and capacity building. County governments handle crop/animal husbandry, sale yards, abattoirs, disease control, and fisheries (2). Effective policies require evidence-based formulation, impact analysis, and effective implementation (3).
Coordination between stakeholders is important given the many actors involved. The Agriculture Intergovernmental Forum and Joint Agriculture Sector Steering Committee aim to coordinate national and county governments
This document discusses the benefits and process of strategic planning. It outlines key steps in the strategic planning process including defining mission and goals, stakeholder analysis, and identifying and evaluating strategic options. Benefits of strategic planning include achieving goals and objectives, better use of resources, and identifying new opportunities. Strategic planning can lead to established management direction, improved relations, and enhanced organizational culture. The document advocates for strategic planning processes that are outcome-focused, joined-up, inclusive, flexible, and robust.
A virtual environment for formulation of policy packagesAraz Taeihagh
The interdependence and complexity of socio-technical systems and availability of a wide variety of policy measures to address policy problems make the process of policy formulation difficult. In order to formulate sustainable and efficient transport policies, development of new tools and techniques is necessary. One of the approaches gaining ground is policy packaging, which shifts focus from implementation of individual policy measures to implementation of combinations of measures with the aim of increasing efficiency and effectiveness of policy interventions by increasing synergies and reducing potential contradictions among policy measures. In this paper, we describe the development of a virtual environment for the exploration and analysis of different configurations of policy measures in order to build policy packages. By developing systematic approaches it is possible to examine more alternatives at a greater depth, decrease the time required for the overall analysis, provide real-time assessment and feedback on the effect of changes in the configurations, and ultimately form more effective policies. The results from this research demonstrate the usefulness of computational approaches in addressing the complexity inherent in the formulation of policy packages. This new approach has been applied to the formulation of policies to advance sustainable transportation.
Age of Alignment: Linking Compensation & Business StrategyPearl Meyer
We’ve entered a new era, with evolving responsibilities for the Board of Directors. Today, the “review and concur” role is no longer sufficient. This is true from a regulatory and compliance perspective, and it’s also true as companies must be prepared for the challenge of fast, frequent, and often disruptive market forces. Recently, the NACD released its Blue Ribbon Commission report on Strategy Development. Among many important findings and recommendations, it states that providing necessary strategic direction requires a new level of ongoing Board engagement. A key question posed for Boards to evaluate their processes is “Does our incentive structure reinforce or unintentionally undermine the chosen strategy?”
Today, our discussion will be lead by two members of the Blue Ribbon Commission. Greg Lau, of RSR Partners and a member of the Board of NACD, as well as Steven Van Putten, managing director and office head from Pearl Meyer & Partners’ Boston location. We will also be joined by consultant Michael Ng from Pearl Meyer and Partners.
This document provides an overview of political economy analysis (PEA) and its operational relevance and impact on aid effectiveness. It discusses how PEA aims to situate development interventions within an understanding of prevailing political and economic processes to support more feasible strategies. While PEA highlights constraints, recent tools make it more actionable at sector and program levels. There is some evidence it improves donor awareness but limited evidence directly linking PEA to outcomes due to challenges evaluating intangible politically-informed activities. Overall PEA has increased in development thinking but implementing thinking politically faces barriers in entrenched donor institutions and incentives.
Fiscal and monetary policy evolved significantly over the recent decades. Traditional Keynesian models are being challenged by new theories, including Modern Monetary Policy and Neo-Keyesian perspectives. In the context of public sector finance and financial management challenges that were created or accelerated during the covid crisis, and in consideration of rapidly changing demographic realities in most nations, a revision of the existing system is in order if our science is to be an effective tool for evaluating and planning public policy going forward.
Supply and demand are common terms and well understood in the general economics framework. However, my decades of practical experience led me to believe that these concepts are defined too narrowly for public sector applications. I believe this because socially, as opposed to economically, defined optimal conditions are influenced by socio-cultural influences that evolve over time, making the simple economic theory inapplicable or inappropriate.
Discussion based on Mankiw slides as amended by myself. The presentation is meant as the opening introduction to GDP measurement prior to a class discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of GDP as a meaningful measure of public policy efficacy.
This document discusses academic writing and provides guidance on various aspects of the writing process. It defines academic writing as a formal style used in education and research to convey information and contribute to existing knowledge. The document outlines the writing process, including pre-writing, drafting, revising, and editing. It also discusses structuring writing with effective introductions, paragraphs, transitions, and conclusions. Additionally, it covers achieving clarity, coherence, critical thinking, overcoming challenges, and references academic sources on writing best practices.
The document discusses plagiarism, defining it as stealing another's work and ideas and presenting them as one's own without giving proper credit. It notes several types of plagiarism, including directly copying text without quotation marks or attribution, paraphrasing too closely without citation, and using AI systems like ChatGPT without disclosure. The document emphasizes the importance of properly citing sources through practices like summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting, and outlines penalties for plagiarism which can include failing the assignment or expulsion from school.
This document provides an overview of different private healthcare systems and funding mechanisms, including: Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs), Exclusive Provider Organizations (EPOs), Point-of-Service Plans (POS), Catastrophic Plans, and High-Deductible Health Plans. It also discusses health savings accounts, provides examples of national healthcare systems in Australia and the US, and describes some non-governmental healthcare solutions like charities and social enterprises like Aravind Eye Hospitals. The document notes that while no system is perfect, all face serious challenges from aging populations and climate change impacts.
This document summarizes key concepts from a lecture on economic development, including:
1) Export base models distinguish between export jobs that serve national markets and local jobs that serve only local needs, with the idea being that attracting export jobs has a multiplier effect of creating more total jobs.
2) Input-output models provide a way to quantify economic multipliers and distinguish between indirect and induced effects.
3) The concept of agglomeration economies explains how clustering of firms within an industry (localization economies) or within an urban area (urbanization economies) can create cost savings.
This document defines plagiarism and outlines penalties for committing plagiarism. Plagiarism involves passing off another's work as one's own without proper citation or credit. It explains that plagiarism can occur intentionally or unintentionally by not properly citing sources when using others' direct words, ideas, or work. The document provides guidance on properly citing sources to avoid plagiarism and notes penalties can include failing the assignment, course, or expulsion from the university. It recommends resources like Turnitin and the Purdue OWL for checking work and learning proper citation.
The document discusses the phases of policy formulation, including specifying the problem source, generating policy options, setting objectives, screening and consolidating options, and building support. It defines policy formulation and notes the challenges can include political, technical, and organizational issues. Strategies to improve formulation include better problem and objective clarification, broad option generation, anticipating changes, and leveraging policy communities.
I developed this for a group of new PhD students with significant practice experience in public policy. It is based on my own experience with the transition and becoming a 'pracademic'.
Developed and presented at OECD in 2009, this presentation focuses on a cluster analysis approach to developing an innovation index that goes beyond merely counting patents.
A presentation developed for & presented at the Chiang Mai University School of Public Policy 10 October 2018. The slides were developed for a 7 minute presentation designed to propose some topics for the discussion sessions that followed.
After a general introduction, the slides describe the experience of using the MIT Sloan School Fishbanks simulation to illustrate common pool resource management challenges for Thai government officials. The exercise was conducted in class with a group of 30 Thai government officials seeking their MPA degree at Chiang Mai University. The Sloan School materials were translated and the lecture was presented in both English and Thai. Two Faculty of Political Science and Public Administration professors coached the teams during the simulation. The translated materials are available on request.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24593.74084
Strategic Thinking is critical to all aspects of planning, budgeting, and policy development and analysis in private, nonprofit, and government organizations of all sizes. This brief overview contains the 12 critical components of Strategic Thinking and comparisons with conventional ideas.
This document provides a tutorial on measures of central tendency including mean, median, mode, and range. It defines each measure and provides examples of how to calculate them using a sample data set of numbers. It also discusses how these measures are used in policy debates and to determine eligibility for federal grants and foundation funding, as well as to measure the impact of community programs.
This document discusses tax policy and equity in Tanzania. It covers the key considerations in developing a tax policy, including fairness, efficiency, revenue generation, and transparency. It examines Adam Smith's principles of tax equity and the concepts of tax incidence and distributional analysis. The analysis distinguishes between legal and economic tax incidence and how incidence is determined by price elasticity and market alternatives. The document provides frameworks for analyzing the positive and normative aspects of tax equity and the potential regressive, proportional, or progressive impacts of tax distribution.
This document discusses intergovernmental fiscal relations and revenue assignment between different levels of government. It defines key terms like intergovernmental fiscal relations and fiscal decentralization. It outlines principles for assigning taxes between central and sub-national governments, including market efficiency effects, equity considerations, administrative feasibility, and matching revenues to expenditure needs. While certain taxes are better suited to different levels based on these principles, reconciling the differences is challenging to provide enough revenue for sub-national governments without distortions.
This document provides an overview of assessing municipal credits and financing options. It defines key terms like municipal bonds, debt limits, bond types (e.g. general obligation, revenue), and financing instruments (e.g. notes, leases, certificates of participation). The document outlines factors to consider in a municipality's capital planning process like capital needs assessments, improvement plans, and funding strategies. It also reviews New York state law definitions and restrictions related to municipal debt.
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For people who have money and are philanthropic, there are infinite opportunities to gift a needy person or child a Merry Christmas. Even if you are living on a shoestring budget, you will be surprised at how much you can do.
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2. Introduction o Definition
o The process of policy
evaluation
o Types of evaluation
o Utilization of evaluation
results
o Challenges in policy
evaluation
o Strategies for evaluators
o Conclusion
3. Contoso Ltd.
○ Synthesizing what is known about a
problem and its proposed policy or
program remedy;
○ Demystifying conventional wisdom related
to either the problem or its solution(s);
○ Developing new information about
information about program or policy
effectiveness; and
○ Explainingto policy actors the implications
of new information derived through
evaluation
Policy evaluation refers broadly to
all the activities carried out by a
range of state and societal actors to
determine how a policy has fared
inpracticeandtoestimatehowitis
likely to perform in the future.
3
DefinitionEvaluation contributes to the
policy-making process by:
4. Contoso Ltd.
The Process of policy evaluation
Defining the
scope of
evaluation
Determining
evaluation
criteria
Collecting
information
Conducting
evaluation
4
5. Contoso Ltd.
Types of evaluation
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5
Input Process Output Outcome Impact
Policy evaluation concentrates on one or more of the
following types of information about policies
performance:
7. Contoso Ltd.
The central task of
technical policy
evaluation is
frequently to isolate
the effects of a
particular policy from
those caused by other
factors.
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2. Outcome and Impact Evaluation
Source: adapted from Rossi, Lipsey, and Freeman, 2004.
8. Contoso Ltd.
Evaluation design for isolating net outcomes from gross
outcomes
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8
2. Simple
before/after
comparison
9. Contoso Ltd.
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9
Utilization of
evaluation
results
Policy Learning
a.Social Learning
b.Lesson-drawing
c.Policy-oriented
Learning
d.Government Learning
10. Contoso Ltd.
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Policy Termination
a. Suggests a complete cessation of the
policy in question (de Leon 1983).
b. Accounts of such eventually under
score the extent to which termination
often requires an ideological shift in
government and society allowing
uniform judgements of success of
failure to be made (Jordan et al. 2013).
11. Contoso Ltd.
Challenges in policy evaluation
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1. Lack of
organizational
support
2. Shortage of
evaluation skills
3. Narrow
perception of
the scope of
evaluation
4. Insufficient capacity for
data collection
Technical &
Organizational
constraints
12. Contoso Ltd.
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Political
1. Politically charged
environment for policy
evaluation
2. Unclear goals and
subjectivity in
interpreting result
3. The subjective nature of
the interpretation of
evaluation findings
4. Self-interest
13. Contoso Ltd.
Strategies for evaluators
Clarifying
evaluation
criteria,
benchmarking,
and performance
measures
Establishing
independent
evaluation
departments
within
government
agencies
Strengthening
nongovernmental
participation
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14. Contoso Ltd.
○Evaluation is a key policy function
to which policy actors should
devote more care and attention
than they commonly do.
○Participatory monitoring and
evaluation of routine performance
data especially offers vast potential
for assessing performance and
drawing practical policy
conclusion.
Conclusion
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