The universe began approximately 15 billion years ago with the Big Bang, where all matter, energy, and space was concentrated in a single point that suddenly expanded. Over time, hydrogen and helium from this expansion condensed under gravity to form the first stars and galaxies. The universe has continued expanding and cooling ever since. Modern cosmological theories including the Big Bang and Steady State theories attempt to explain the origin and evolution of the known universe.

1. THE ORIGIN OFTHE UNIVERSE
DRILON, Aryan Chloe
ADRIATICO, Frichelle Mae

2. In the Bible, there was a
time when the world did not
exist. Only God existed. He
decided to create the world and
with that decision, the world
began.

3. • Religion and mythology have for long time
proposed the “Creation Theory”.
refers to the act or acts by which the
world came into existence out of nothing.
Generally, all stories of creation emphasize
the power of a Creator, Deity or God.
• It has brought the universe or cosmos itself
into existence. It is furthermore the divine
power that is able to bring forth new beings.

4. Most astronomers believed that the
universe began about 15 billion years ago, in a
huge explosion they called the This
theory proposes that the universe started as a
big ball of pure energy, matter, forces of
nature and space were all wrapped up. Then,
about 15 billion to 20 billion years ago this ball
exploded.

5. • The explosion was the formation of
matter hurtling away from each
other. Formation of first nuclei of
hydrogen and helium was sudden.
• Other elements were formed very
quickly that formations of stars and
the galaxies also happened so soon,
other celestial bodies are still being
formed.

6. Big Bang Theory was first developed in 1927
by Georges Lemaitre (1924-1966) then
coined and revised
by George Gamow
(1904-1968)

8. The theory: Hydrogen and other
gases swirled around and
condensed into our sun and
its planets.
The nebular theory suggests
that the Solar System was
formed from nebulous
material. The theory was
developed by
and published in his
Universal Natural History
and Theory of the
Heaven.

9. Edwin Hubble (1889-1953) believed that
the galaxies of the universe are moving
farther apart. This means that the universe is
getting continually bigger or getting bigger
forever.
Scientist think that universe would stop
expanding or grow bigger. Instead it would shrink
and become smaller until all materials in it come
together and bump one another producing a very
big collision.
If the Big Crunch occurred, the sky would
grow as hot as the sun, finally everything would
vanish into a blackhole.

11. Proposed by Hermann Bondi, Thomas
Gold, and Fred Hoyle in 1928, this suggests
that the universe is infinite in time with the
same condition before and now, and it has a
constant mean density.
It is spreading and as the galaxies move
away from each other, no new galaxy is formed
to take place their place, therefore, the density
of the universe is the same all through eternity.

12. Hermann Bondi
Fred Hoyle
Thomas Gold

13. The universe is defined as
the totality of everything
that exists, including all
physical matter and energy,
ranging from the smallest
atom to the biggest galaxy-
the planets, stars,
everything.

14. Consists of eight planets:
Mercury, Venus, our Earth,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
and Neptune
They all revolve around a
common central star, the Sun.

15. When you look at the night sky you can
see many beautiful stars. There are
several different kinds of stars in the
sky. A couple of stars have been found
that are 100 to 200 times larger than
the sun. Some are even smaller than
the Earth (Imagine that!)

16. Dwarf
stars
Blue Giant
stars
Giant stars Super
Giant stars
Kinds of Stars

17. -The brilliant point of light is the
explosion of a star that has reached the
end of its life, otherwise known as
a supernova.
-Supernovae can briefly outshine entire
galaxies and radiate more energy than
our sun will in its entire lifetime.
-They're also the primary source of
heavy elements in the universe

18. Quasars are objects in the milky way
which are small and incredibly bright.
A Quasar can absorb light, stars and
even small galaxies.

19. There are gazillions of Galaxies
in the Universe!!

20. Spiral
Galaxy
Irregular
Galaxy
Elliptical
Galaxy
Some galaxies are very small with only a few million
stars. While others could have as many as 400 billion
stars, or even more.
There are three kinds of Galaxies:
Spiral, Elliptical, and Irregular.
The only difference between the three is what
shape they are.
Kinds of Galaxies

21. A nebula (Latin for "cloud" or "fog“) is an
interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium
and other ionized gases.

22. The first type of nebulae is called
, because they
emit their own light.
They glow red or pink as they
expel extra energy which they
get from nearby stars.
Kinds of Nebulae

23. A is completely
different from an Emission nebula.
This is because rather than
emitting their own light, they are
reflecting the light of the stars
around them.

24. are
interstellar clouds
that contain a
very high
concentration of
dust. This allows
them to scatter
and absorb all
incident optical
light, making them
completely opaque
at visible
wavelengths.

25. Instruments Used to Observe the Universe
Invention of the
simple telescope
by Galileo Galilei
which improved by
Isaac Newton that
gave way to
inventions of more
powerful
telescopes in
order to observe
the universe
Hubble Space telescope

26. It is a device for
collecting radio
signals from
objects which are
too far away to
be seen by
optical
telescopes.
Radio telescope

27. Radio interferometer • It is a kind of radio
telescope that
allows radio
astronomers to
pick up very weak
signals from
space.
• Made up of
dishes called
array.
• Each part of the
array covers a
different portion of
space.

28. Spectroscope
• It is use to get information
about stars, galaxies
and nebulae
• Used for breaking down
light into a spectrum
Spectroshelioscope a
kind of spectroscope
used to study the sun. It
takes the image at one
particular wavelength.

29. NASA Space Shuttle
• Was launched into
space in 1981
It was launched as
rocket, flies like a
space craft and lands
like a plane
It is a space truck
taking astronauts
cargo and
equipments into
space and returning
facilities and
equipment to Earth
•
•

30. Hale Telescope
• Found in Palomar ,
California with its
16/12 feet mirror, has
been used immense
distances into space,
to reveal galaxies and
other luminous
objects.(objects are so
faraway that their light
has taken thousands
of millions years to
reach us.)

31. THE END