- The document discusses normal distributions and how to standardize scores using z-scores. It provides examples of standardizing test scores based on the mean and standard deviation. - It also shows how to calculate probabilities using the normal distribution, such as finding the probability of a certain number of values being above or below a threshold. - Guidelines are provided for when it is appropriate to approximate a binomial distribution with a normal distribution, such as when np and nq are both greater than 5.