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The Inside Story: How the IIC’s Connectivity Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection
The document discusses a presentation given by Dr. Stan Schneider, CEO of RTI, and Dr. Rajive Joshi, Principal Solution Architect at RTI, on how the Industrial Internet Consortium's (IIC) Connectivity Framework guides selection of connectivity technologies for industrial internet of things (IIoT) systems. The presentation covered the goals of the IIC Connectivity Framework in providing guidance to practitioners on IIoT connectivity, the layers of the IIoT connectivity stack model, core connectivity standards, and a process for assessing and selecting the appropriate connectivity standard.
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The Inside Story: How the IIC’s Connectivity Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection
- 1. Dr. Stan Schneider,Chief Executive Officer, RTI Dr. Rajive Joshi, Principal Solution Architect, RTI The Inside Story: How the IIC’s Connectivity Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection Moderator: Brandon Lewis, OpenSystems Media Speakers:
- 2. Agenda Housekeeping Presentation Questions and Answers Wrap-up
- 3. The Inside Story:How the IIC’s Connectivity Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection Rajive Joshi, PhD. RTI Principal Solution Architect; IIC Connectivity Co-Chair Stan Schneider, PhD. RTI CEO; IIC Steering Committee
- 4. ©2017 Real-Time Innovations,Inc. Space is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist, but that's just peanuts to space. --Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy NGC3370
- 5. Education Colleges & Universities Conferences& Workshops Laboritories Publication Schools Trade Schools Aerospace & Defense Air Force Arrmy Aviation Home Land Security Military Navy Space Flight Agriculture Farming Fishing Forestry Hydrology Life Sciences Ranching Weather Buildings & Facilities Apartments Building & Construction Building Maintenance Building Security Commercial Buildings Construction Engineering Home Housing Authorities HVAC Office Real Estate Consumer & Home Automotive Commercial Cooking Consumer Products Day Care Elder Care Entertainment Food and Beverage Food Trucks Grocery Home Products Hospitality Pet Care Pharmacies Photography Recreation Services Restaurants Sporting Events Street Vendors Tourism Travel Energy & Utilities Chemicals Electric Mining Oil & Gas Petro-Chemicals Power Renewable Sewer Water Environment Air Pollution Control Biodiversity Eco-construction Environmental Monitoring & Instrumentation Environmental Research & Development Heat & Energy Saving and Management Metrology Nature Protection Noise & Vibration Control Oceanography Recycled Materials Remediation & Clean Up of Soil & Groundwater Renewable Energy Production Waste Management & Recycling Waste Water Treatment Water Supply Finance & Banking Accounting Systems ATM Systems Credit Card Systems Point of Sales Retail Banking Public Sector City Civil Administration Disaster Prevention Education Emergency & Crisis Response Environment Fire Law Enforcement & Police Municipalities & Counties Public Safety Public Security Surveillance Transportation Waste Management Water Healthcare Assisted Care Clinical Trials Connected Medical Devices Continuous Patient Monitoring Dentistry Disease Diagnosis Home Healthcare Hospitals Life Sciences Medical Offices Medical Therapy Pharma Pharmacies Media & Communication Cable Providers Computers Entertainment Global Media Phones Satellite TV Telecommunications Carriers Televisions Video Recorders Wireless Services Manufacturing Apparel Beverage & Tobacco Product Chemicals Computer & Electronic Products Electrical Equipment & Components Fabricated Metal Products Factory Food Furniture & Related Products Industrial Automation Leather & Allied Products Machinery Nonmetallic Mineral Products Paper Petroleum & Coal Plastics & Rubber Products Primary Metal Manufacturing Printing & Related Support Activities Textile Mills Textiles Transportation Equipment Wood Products Mining & Metals Aluminum Coal Diamonds & Gemstones General Mining Gold Iron & Steel Nonferrous Metals Platinum & Precious Metals Near Space & New Space Closed Loop Ecological Systems Closed Loop Living Systems Constellation Controllers Consumer Traffic Analytics Ecological Planning Environmental Monitoring Hyper-Local Agriculture Hyper-Local Construction Hyper-Spectral Imaging In-Flight Satelite Servicing On-Site Materials Analytics and Inventory On-Site Materials Optimization Parametric City Planning Parametric Construction Planning Remote Maintenance and Diagnostics Space Based Planning Weather Pattern Analytics Transportation Aeronautics Airport Cargo Handling Cruise Industry Fleet Management Freight Management Logistics Mobility Pipelines Postal & Delivery Services Public Transportation Rail Roads Shipping Traffic Infrastructure Transportation Trucking Vehicle Wholesale & Distribution Retail Apparel Retailers Broadline Retailers Drug Retailers Food Retailers & Wholesalers Home Improvement Retailers Specialized Consumer Services Specialty Retailers The IIoT will have a multi-trillion-dollar impact across all industries ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 6. The Industrial IoTis Smart Machine Infrastructure ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT)
- 7. The smart machineera will be the most disruptive in the history of IT -- Gartner
- 8. The Industrial IoTDisruption The real value is a common architecture that connects sensor to cloud, interoperates between vendors, and spans industries RTI lives at the intersection of functional artificial intelligence and pervasive networkingSM ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 9. Smart Machines Jointhe Care Team ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.http://www.rti.com/mk/webinars.html#GEHEALTHCARE The Medical Industry Now Competes on Networking
- 10. Carbot Architecture ©2017 Real-TimeInnovations, Inc. Cloud Services Sensing Planning Radar, LIDAR Vehicle Platform Navigation Error Management Visualization Situation Analysis Situation Awareness Vision Fusion Cameras, LIDAR, Radar … Data Fusion LoggingVehicle Control Localization Databus Traffic Maps DatabusCars now Compete on Software
- 11. Grid Modernization • TheOpenFMB (Field Message Bus) architecture integrates solar, wind, and storage into the grid • Dozens of vendors, several utilities, and standards organizations are building devices, user interfaces, and analytics • DDS powers OpenFMB communications The Grid Will Compete on Distributed Control
- 12. ©2017 Real-Time Innovations,Inc. Software is eating the world -- Andreessen Horowitz Silicon Valley VC What’s the Disruption?
- 13. The Real Disruption:Culture “If you went to bed last night as an industrial company, you’re going to wake up this morning as a software and analytics company” -- Jeff Immelt GE CEO ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 14. The Future ofSecure, Distributed Software ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. “If you went to bed last night as a software and analytics company, you’re going to wake up this morning as a networking and security company” -- Stan Schneider
- 15. Real-Time Innovations, Inc. HowCan We Build IIoT Systems? Connectivity Architecture
- 16. Industrial Internet Consortium:270+ Companies, 30+ Countries IIC Founding and Contributing Members The World’s Largest IoT Consortium The IIC created the IIoT market
- 17. The Industrial InternetConnectivity Framework – The industry’s only detailed analysis of IIoT Connectivity Technologies – Architecture – Assessment – Standards • DDS • OPC UA • OneM2M • HTTP • MQTT • CoAP – Examples & selection guidance – Years of work by many architects across industries, standards, & technologies ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.Released Feb 28, 2017
- 18. IICF : ARoadmap for IoT Practitioners & System Architects Guide Map • What is the role of connectivity in an IIoT architecture? • What connectivity layers does an IIoT system need, and what are each layer’s core functions, considerations and trade-offs? • How can communication extend from a generic IIoT design to participants using a domain- specific connectivity technology? • What must core connectivity standards provide? • How to categorize and evaluate a given connectivity technology? • How to assess suitability of a connectivity technology against system requirements? • How to choose the right core connectivity standard for a problem domain?Rich Landscape of Connectivity
- 19. IICF Goals Clarity GuidanceFoundation 19 Guide mapto the rich but often confusing landscape of IIoT connectivity Useful, practical, tangible guidance for requirements assessment, technology evaluation and selection Sets a stable long term foundation for IIoT interoperability
- 20. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_interoperability Levels of Interoperability Shareddata context Shared data structure Shared opaque data
- 21. Technical Interoperability Example… 21 Messages Shareopaque data (byte sequences)
- 22. Syntactic Interoperability Example… 22 Messages Data(State, Events, Streams) ShapeType x y color Share structured datatypes
- 23. Semantic Interoperability Example… 23 Messages Data(State, Events, Streams) Information (Data in Context) ShapeType Room x Temperature y Humidity color Room Color ShapeType Car x Row y Column color Car Color ? Share data-objects in context
- 24. Evolution of theIIoT Connectivity Stack 24 7-Layer OSI Stack Model (1994) 4-Layer Internet Stack Model (1989) Industrial IoT (2014) Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network IIoT Connectivity Stack Model (2017)
- 25. IIoT Connectivity StackModel Participant X Connectivity Information Networking IICF Focus Information (Data in Context) Participant X Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network Participant Y Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Packets Frames Bits Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network Technical Interoperability (bytes) Syntactic Interoperability (data structures) Semantic Interoperability (data context)
- 26. Connectivity Transport Layer •Above: Technical Interoperability – Share byte sequences – Opaque data • Below: Byte protocol – Any computing platform – Byte flows & optimize byte sequence sharing and delivery Information (Data in Context) Participant X Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network Participant Y Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Packets Frames Bits Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network
- 27. Connectivity Transport Layer Transport Link DistributedData Interoperability & Management Framework Connectivity Transport Functions Physical Network Messaging Protocol Endpoint Addressing Connectedness Prioritization Timing & Synchronization Security Communication Modes Technical Interoperability
- 28. Connectivity Framework Layer •Above: Syntactic Interoperability – Share structured datatypes – Common and unambiguous data format • Below: Opaque Data – Any programming environment – Any computing platform – May observe data flows & optimize datatype sharing and delivery Information (Data in Context) Participant X Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network Participant Y Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Packets Frames Bits Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network
- 29. Connectivity Framework Layer Transport Link DistributedData Interoperability & Management Framework Quality of Service Security Publish-Subscribe Request-Reply Discovery Data Resource Model Id and Addressing Data Type System Lifecycle (CRUD) Exception Handling State Management Connectivity Framework Functions Physical Network API Governance Syntactic Interoperability
- 30. Fundamental N2 ConnectivityChallenge Reality Check Accept that there will be multiple connectivity technologies • Brownfield • Existing technologies • May be specific to verticals • Greenfield • Innovation O(N2)
- 31. Connectivity Core StandardsArchitecture • Connectivity Core Standards – Provide syntactic interoperability – Stable, deployed, open standard – Standard Core Gateways to all other CCS • Domain-Specific Connectivity Technologies – Connect via non-standard gateway to any connectivity core standard Few Core Standards Standard Core Gateways Many domain technologies
- 32. Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Selectingthe right connectivity technology Assessment Template Worksheets Connectivity Standards
- 33. Assessment Template • Whichlayers(s) of the Connectivity Stack does it provide? • What Core Functions does it provide? • How does it rank against the Typical Considerations (of the layers spanned) ? • How does it impact system Architectural Qualities? • Does it fit Connectivity Core Standard Criteria? Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network
- 34.
- 35. IICF Catalog ofConnectivity Standards! • Frameworks • DDS • OPC-UA • oneM2M • Transports • HTTP • MQTT • CoAP 35 Assessment Template Worksheets
- 36. Connectivity Standards Manufacturing Origin TSN/ Ethernet (802.1, 802.3) DDS Wireless PAN (802.15) Wireless 2G/3G/LTE (3GPP) Wireless LAN (802.11 Wi- Fi) Internet Protocol (IP) CoAP MQTT Web Services Wireless Wide Area (802.16) HTTPDDSI-RTPS oneM2M OPC-UA OPC-UA Bin Telecommunications Origin UDP TCPTCP Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical Network Healthcare TransportationManufacturing… … Energy & Utilities
- 37. Core Connectivity Standards *= work in progress = supported, = not supportedGREEN = Gating Criteria
- 38. IICF Architecture Process Use assessment template worksheet to determine your system requirements Pick the potential connectivity core standard best aligned with your system requirements Build a gateway for other domain- specific connectivity technologies 38 Manufacturing Origin TS N / Eth ern et (80 2.1 , 80 2.3 ) DDS Wi rel es s PA N (8 02. 15 ) Wire less 2G/3 G/LT E (3GP P) Wi rel es s LA N (8 02. 11 Wi - Fi) Internet Protocol (IP) C o A P M Q T T We b Ser vic es Wi rel es s Wi de Ar ea (80 2.1 6) HTTP DDSI-RTPS oneM2M OPC-UA OPC -UA Bin Telecommunicati ons Origin UDP TCP T C P Transport Link Framework Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Physical N e t w o r k Healthcare Transportatio n Manufacturin g … … Energy & Utilities
- 39. Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Choosinga Connectivity Standard ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential
- 40. B CA X Your application: Choose A orB or C Requirement 1, e.g. latency Requirement2,e.g.fan-out IIoT Connectivity Perception ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 41. B CA X Clearly A Clearly B Interstellar space Yourapplication: Choose B; it’s the best you’ll get IIoT Connectivity Reality ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Requirement 1, e.g. latency Requirement2,e.g.fan-out
- 42. How to Choose? ©2017Real-Time Innovations, Inc. System Aspect Example User Approach Standard Software Integration & Autonomy Software Architect integrating components Data-centric DDS Device interchangeability Device manufacturer selling devices to technicians Device- centric OPC-UA Web & Mobile User I/F App builder supporting back-end services RESTful Web services/HTTP ICT integration Wide-area wireless telecom integrator Common services layer oneM2M
- 43. DDS is Different! ©2015Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Data-Centric (Real-Time Replication) DDS Shared Data Model DataBus Point-to-Point TCP Sockets Client/Server MQTT XMPP OPC CORBA Brokered ESB Daemon Publish/Subscribe Fieldbus CANbus ZeroMQ JMS Queuing AMQP Active MQ
- 44. Systems are Aboutthe Data Data Centricity Definition a) The interface is the data. b) The infrastructure understands that data. c) The system manages the data and imposes rules on how applications exchange data. ©2016 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential. Database Databus Data centric storage and search of old data Data centric sharing and filtering of future data Application Application Message centric Remote Objects SOAs Application Application Data
- 45. Choose DDS? • Arethere severe consequences if offline for a few mins/secs/msecs? • Have you said “millisecond” or “microsecond” in the last 2 weeks? • Do you have more than 10 programmers? • Does your data have many destinations? • Are you building a next-generation IIoT design? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. 3+ Yes? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 46. OPC UA • Device-CentricObject-Oriented Framework – Device models for common devices – Integrate devices into workcells – Client-server architecture – Browseable address space – New simple UDP pub-sub Motor Starter 01 Configuration Control Function Local Operation Multifunction Input DI0 ParameterSet Motor Parameters Motor Current Low Motor Current High Service Info Number of Starts Motor Starter 01 Parameter Set Control Function Local Operation Configuration Multifunction Input DIO Motor Current Low Motor Current High Number of Starts Motor Current Low Motor Current High Service Info Address Space ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 47. Choose OPC UA? •Are you in in discrete manufacturing? • Are you building a device that will be integrated by non-software types? • Will your product be used in different applications in different systems, as opposed to a single (type of) system where you control the architecture? • Have you said the word “workcell” in the last two weeks? 3+ Yes? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 48. OneM2M • Common ServiceLayer Architecture – Services provided by telco – Platform Tier (cloud) applications can seamlessly connect to diverse IoT devices over many protocols • Targets home automation, large mobile systems • Typical uses – Register and connect to devices and applications – Charge an account for service – Manage application and devices – Monitor systems ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 49. Choose OneM2M? • Doyou know what “ICT” stands for, and is that you? • Is the cellular network your primary connection technology? • Are your target applications largely composed of moving parts? • Can the components of your system tolerate intermittent connections and loosely-controlled latencies? • Will your system leverage services provided by a communications provider such as a telco? 3+ Yes? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 50. MQTT: Collect DeviceData Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) Collect data from sensors For cloud MQTT does not qualify as a core connectivity standard because it has no standard type system
- 51. Choose MQTT? • Doyou think of your application as data collection? • Is there little device-device communications? • Is interoperability not a consideration? • Do you have many small devices? • Is software a minor challenge? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. 3+ Yes?
- 52. What if NoneFit? ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential
- 53. Education Colleges & Universities Conferences& Workshops Laboritories Publication Schools Trade Schools Aerospace & Defense Air Force Arrmy Aviation Home Land Security Military Navy Space Flight Agriculture Farming Fishing Forestry Hydrology Life Sciences Ranching Weather Buildings & Facilities Apartments Building & Construction Building Maintenance Building Security Commercial Buildings Construction Engineering Home Housing Authorities HVAC Office Real Estate Consumer & Home Automotive Commercial Cooking Consumer Products Day Care Elder Care Entertainment Food and Beverage Food Trucks Grocery Home Products Hospitality Pet Care Pharmacies Photography Recreation Services Restaurants Sporting Events Street Vendors Tourism Travel Energy & Utilities Chemicals Electric Mining Oil & Gas Petro-Chemicals Power Renewable Sewer Water Environment Air Pollution Control Biodiversity Eco-construction Environmental Monitoring & Instrumentation Environmental Research & Development Heat & Energy Saving and Management Metrology Nature Protection Noise & Vibration Control Oceanography Recycled Materials Remediation & Clean Up of Soil & Groundwater Renewable Energy Production Waste Management & Recycling Waste Water Treatment Water Supply Finance & Banking Accounting Systems ATM Systems Credit Card Systems Point of Sales Retail Banking Public Sector City Civil Administration Disaster Prevention Education Emergency & Crisis Response Environment Fire Law Enforcement & Police Municipalities & Counties Public Safety Public Security Surveillance Transportation Waste Management Water Healthcare Assisted Care Clinical Trials Connected Medical Devices Continuous Patient Monitoring Dentistry Disease Diagnosis Home Healthcare Hospitals Life Sciences Medical Offices Medical Therapy Pharma Pharmacies Media & Communication Cable Providers Computers Entertainment Global Media Phones Satellite TV Telecommunications Carriers Televisions Video Recorders Wireless Services Manufacturing Apparel Beverage & Tobacco Product Chemicals Computer & Electronic Products Electrical Equipment & Components Fabricated Metal Products Factory Food Furniture & Related Products Industrial Automation Leather & Allied Products Machinery Nonmetallic Mineral Products Paper Petroleum & Coal Plastics & Rubber Products Primary Metal Manufacturing Printing & Related Support Activities Textile Mills Textiles Transportation Equipment Wood Products Mining & Metals Aluminum Coal Diamonds & Gemstones General Mining Gold Iron & Steel Nonferrous Metals Platinum & Precious Metals Near Space & New Space Closed Loop Ecological Systems Closed Loop Living Systems Constellation Controllers Consumer Traffic Analytics Ecological Planning Environmental Monitoring Hyper-Local Agriculture Hyper-Local Construction Hyper-Spectral Imaging In-Flight Satelite Servicing On-Site Materials Analytics and Inventory On-Site Materials Optimization Parametric City Planning Parametric Construction Planning Remote Maintenance and Diagnostics Space Based Planning Weather Pattern Analytics Transportation Aeronautics Airport Cargo Handling Cruise Industry Fleet Management Freight Management Logistics Mobility Pipelines Postal & Delivery Services Public Transportation Rail Roads Shipping Traffic Infrastructure Transportation Trucking Vehicle Wholesale & Distribution Retail Apparel Retailers Broadline Retailers Drug Retailers Food Retailers & Wholesalers Home Improvement Retailers Specialized Consumer Services Specialty Retailers The IIoT is Big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think you can pick DDS or OPC UA or MQTT or OneM2M and it won’t really matter. It does matter Understand the differences Choose the best fit ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
- 54. The real valueis a common architecture that connects sensor to cloud, interoperates between vendors, and spans industries ©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. You don’t compete against competitors. You compete against market transitions. – John Chambers The Industrial IoT Disruption
- 55. Get It! 1. Introduction 2.Connectivity Framework 3. Connectivity Reference Architecture 4. Connectivity Framework Layer 5. Connectivity Transport Layer 6. How to Assess a Connectivity Technology? 7. Connectivity Standards 8. Core Connectivity Standards 9. Other Connectivity Standards 10. Assessment Templates https://www.iiconsortium.org/IICF.htm FREE
- 56. Real-Time Innovations, Inc. ThankYou! Rajive Joshi rajive@rti.com @RajiveJoshi LinkedIn: Rajive Joshi Stan Schneider stan@rti.com @RTIStan LinkedIn: Stan Schneider
- 57. Audience Q &A Dr. Stan Schneider, Chief Executive Officer, RTI Dr. Rajive Joshi, Principal Solution Architect, RTI
- 58. Thanks for joiningus Event archive available at: http://ecast.opensystemsmedia.com/ E-mail us at: jgilmore@opensystemsmedia.com