Once humans began farming instead of being nomadic, they started building permanent shelters like houses out of mud bricks. This allowed them to establish communities where they could divide labor and defend themselves, with more time to develop new jobs beyond farming. Specializing in different skills like weaving and toolmaking improved living conditions and led to trading between communities to exchange resources and spread ideas, representing some of the earliest permanent human settlements and cultural diffusion.

1. THE FIRST TOWNS

2. PERMANENT SHELTERS
 Once farming began, humans no longer had
to be (1) NOMADS.
 So they built permanent (2) SHELTERS!
(houses!)
 The houses were usually made out of mud
bricks.
 Houses provided (3) PROTECTION from
weather and made life more (4)
COMFORTABLE.

3. ESTABLISHING COMMUNITIES
 Communities developed and became
organized.
 Humans could divide up the (5) WORK such
as farming, making tools and building
houses.
 People had more (6) TIME to discover new
ways of making life easier.
 Communities could even work together to (7)
DEFEND THEMSELVES.

4. DEVELOPING NEW JOBS
 Because farming was so (8) EFFICIENT, not
everyone had to be farmers.
 Different jobs such as weavers, basket
makers, toolmakers and traders developed.
 The development of these jobs encouraged
people to become (9) HIGHLY SKILLED at
their craft.
 This improved the (10) LIVING
CONDITIONS of the town even more!

5. BEGINNING OF TRADE
 People began to trade for (11) RESOURCES
THEY DID NOT HAVE.
 People wanted crafters to improve the
strength of tools and to make things prettier.
 Traders often traveled hundreds of miles for
things like (12) FLINT and OBSIDIAN.
 Trade also brought people from distant
places into contact. This spread (13) IDEAS
AND KNOWLEDGE.
 This is called (14) CULTURAL DIFFUSION.