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Le Grand Salon de Frascati in Paris
A London coffee shop in the late 17th century
 On your own, write:
 What kind of people were attending Julie de Lespinasse’s salon in
Paris? What were they discussing? What was Madame de
Lespinasse’s social status?
 What kind of people were coming to London coffeehouses
according to Colby? What do patrons do at coffeehouses? What
topics do they discuss?
 In pairs, discuss:
 Compare and contrast the images of salons and coffeehouses
presented by these readings
How did these ideas spread?
1. Group gatherings
 Salons, coffeehouses,
cafes, reading clubs,
bookstores, social groups,
etc.
 Philosophes
“The Coffeehouse Mob” in
London (c. 1710)
Salons
 Gatherings of philosophes
in private homes
 Mixing of classes (upper
and middle) and sexes
 Important women hosts
 Marie-Thérèse de Geoffrin
(1699-1777)
 Marquise du Deffand
(1697-1780) The Parisian salon of Madame Geoffrin
in 1755, by Charles Lemonnier (1812)
Coffeehouses & Cafes
 Spaces open to the
(paying) public
 Philosophical debates but
also current events,
scandals, gossip, etc.
 Mixing of classes (upper,
middle, and some
working)
Voltaire, Diderot, d’Alembert, Condorcet and others at Café Procope (mid-1700s)
The Café Procope today
Above: French café
culture in the 1920s
Below: French café
culture in
contemporary times
2. Spread of Print
Publications
 Newspapers, magazines,
pamphlets, novels
 Increasing literacy
3) Grub Street
 Satirical and gossip
publications
 Politically subversive
 “Philosophical”
pornography
Grub Street in London
Le Gazetier Cuirassé, pamphlet by Charles Théveneau de
Morande (1771):
“The devout wife of a certain Maréchal de France (who suffers
from an imaginary lung disease), finding a husband of that
species too delicate, considers it her religious duty to spare him
and so condemns herself to the crude caresses of her butler,
who would still be a lackey if he hadn't proven himself so
robust.”
“Of approximately two hundred colonels in the infantry, cavalry,
and dragoons in France, one hundred and eighty know how to
dance and to sing little songs; about the same number wear lace
and red heels; at least half can read and sign their names; and in
additional not four of them know the first elements of their
craft”
Philosophy in the Bedroom (1795)
Terese Philosophe, by Jean-Baptiste de Boyer (1748)

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The Enlightenment

  • 1.
  • 2. Le Grand Salon de Frascati in Paris
  • 3. A London coffee shop in the late 17th century
  • 4.  On your own, write:  What kind of people were attending Julie de Lespinasse’s salon in Paris? What were they discussing? What was Madame de Lespinasse’s social status?  What kind of people were coming to London coffeehouses according to Colby? What do patrons do at coffeehouses? What topics do they discuss?  In pairs, discuss:  Compare and contrast the images of salons and coffeehouses presented by these readings
  • 5. How did these ideas spread? 1. Group gatherings  Salons, coffeehouses, cafes, reading clubs, bookstores, social groups, etc.  Philosophes “The Coffeehouse Mob” in London (c. 1710)
  • 6. Salons  Gatherings of philosophes in private homes  Mixing of classes (upper and middle) and sexes  Important women hosts  Marie-Thérèse de Geoffrin (1699-1777)  Marquise du Deffand (1697-1780) The Parisian salon of Madame Geoffrin in 1755, by Charles Lemonnier (1812)
  • 7. Coffeehouses & Cafes  Spaces open to the (paying) public  Philosophical debates but also current events, scandals, gossip, etc.  Mixing of classes (upper, middle, and some working)
  • 8. Voltaire, Diderot, d’Alembert, Condorcet and others at Café Procope (mid-1700s)
  • 10. Above: French café culture in the 1920s Below: French café culture in contemporary times
  • 11. 2. Spread of Print Publications  Newspapers, magazines, pamphlets, novels  Increasing literacy
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. 3) Grub Street  Satirical and gossip publications  Politically subversive  “Philosophical” pornography Grub Street in London
  • 15. Le Gazetier Cuirassé, pamphlet by Charles Théveneau de Morande (1771): “The devout wife of a certain Maréchal de France (who suffers from an imaginary lung disease), finding a husband of that species too delicate, considers it her religious duty to spare him and so condemns herself to the crude caresses of her butler, who would still be a lackey if he hadn't proven himself so robust.” “Of approximately two hundred colonels in the infantry, cavalry, and dragoons in France, one hundred and eighty know how to dance and to sing little songs; about the same number wear lace and red heels; at least half can read and sign their names; and in additional not four of them know the first elements of their craft”
  • 16. Philosophy in the Bedroom (1795)
  • 17. Terese Philosophe, by Jean-Baptiste de Boyer (1748)