2. History – Discovering the Basics
• 1924: Hans Berger discovers the EEG.
• Analyses the interrelation
of EEG and brain diseases.
• 1970: First developments to use brain waves.
3. History - Monkey First
• 1990: First successful experiments with monkeys.
• Implanting electrode
arrays into monkey
brains.
• Recordng of monkeys‘ brain waves.
• 2000: Monkeys control robots by thoughts.
4. History - Humans follow
• 2004: First human benefits from
research
• Matt Nagle is able
to control acomputer and move a
prosthetic hand.
5. What is an EEG?
• An electroencephalogram is a measure of the
brain's voltage fluctuations as detected from
scalp electrodes.
• It is an approximation of the cumulative
electrical activity of neurons.
6.
7.
8. Physical Mechanisms
• EEGs require electrodes
attached to the scalp with
sticky gel
• Require physical connection
to the machine
10. Continuous Brain Waves
Frequency Location Use
<4 Hz everywhere occur during sleep,coma
4-7 Hz temporal and parietal correlated with
emotional stress
(frustration &
disappointment)
8-12 Hz occipital and parietal reduce amplitude with
sensory stimulation or
mental imagery
12-36 Hz parietal and frontal can increase amplitude
during intense mental
activity
11. Real Life Implementation of BCI
In recent years, progress is being made towards sensory substitution devices for the
blind
12. Advantages
BCI will help creating a Direct communication
pathway between a human or animal brain and
any external devices like computers
This has provided anew work area for scientists
and researchers around the world
13. Disadvantages
In case of Invassive BCI there is a
risk of formation of scar tissue.
BCI technioques are costly. it reques
a lot of money to set up the BCI
environment.
