american eel production and technology

1. The American Eel
Anguilla rostrata
Catching the Wandering Eel

2. The American eel, Anguilla rostrata, is the only species of freshwater eel
in North America.
Species Spotlight:
There are two other freshwater eel species:
the European eel (A. anguilla) and the Japanese eel (A. japonica)

3. Unique Significance:
Depend on broad diversity of habitats from the ocean, estuaries and freshwater.
They undergo several physical phases, known as metamorphoses through life cycle.
Economically important in Atlantic Coast commercial fishing industry.
First described in 1817, they have long survived many fluctuations in ocean dynamics.
Juveniles, known as glass eels.

4. American Eel:
Fish species, Anguilla, Latin for eel and rostrata, meaning curved or beaked.
Has a slender, snakelike body with a long, continuous dorsal and ventral fin.
Born in the ocean, mature in freshwater or estuarine habitats, and return to the
ocean to spawn. This makes them catadromous fish.
Can absorb oxygen through their skin and gills, allowing them to travel over land.
Exhibit nocturnal behavior,
hiding between rocks or
buried in mud during the
day and feeding on small
fish, shrimp, snails, mussels
and worms by night.

5. Natural Habitat:

6. Global Fishing Value:
Global capture of American eel in tons from 1950-2010

7. Fishery Totals:
From 1950 to 2010 National Marine Fisheries Services reports:
43,895 tons of American eel were caught for a total value of
$93,702,486
Peak year was 1975 with 1600 tons caught.
Declining to the lowest on record in 2010 to 385 tons.

9. Life Cycle:
The life of an American eel is believed to begin and end in the Sargasso Sea.
The first phase is known as:
Leptocephali
After fertilization the eel eggs float to the ocean surface and hatch into small
transparent larvae that are shaped like willow leaves.
These larvae drift with the Gulf Stream and other ocean currents, taking
about a year to reach the Atlantic Coast.

10. Life Cycle:
In the second phase the larvae develop fins and shape and are known as:
Glass Eels
These juveniles are transparent and are about 2 to 3 inches long.

11. Life Cycle:
During the third phase, the eels migrate to brackish waters or through tidal
rivers. They are more than more than 4 inches in length and known as:
Elvers
They begin to develop gray to green-brown pigmentation.

12. Life Cycle:
During the fourth phase, they are not quite mature. They become
Yellow Eels that are actually yellow-green to olive brown.
After living for 3 to 40 or more years living in fresh water, brackish waters
or marine habitat the yellow eels begin to sexually mature.

13. Life Cycle:
In the final stage, the American eels undergo sexual differentiation,
becoming either male or female Silver Eels
Females can grow to 5 feet in length while the males usually reach
about 3 feet.
They complete sexual
maturation as they
return to the Sargasso
Sea to spawn, where
females release 20-30
million eggs that are
fertilized by males.

14. Good luck with catching the
wandering eel!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buRdRJLpE_Y&feature=player_embedded
For a short video clip to view a live American eel, click below: