Name:- SAHEB BHATTACHARYA (PASS OUT-2017).Student of---Govt. college of Engineering and Textile Technology, Berhampore.WEST BENGAL. DEPT.-- B.tech in Textile technology 1.What is fibre? 2.Classification of textile fibres 3.Identification of some fibres. 4. Story of silk. 5.life cycle of silkworm. 6.Morphological structure of natural fibre and man made fibre(cotton,,wool,silk,jute and nylon) 6.Description of man made fibres (nylon,poly ethylene ,PET,PVC, Glass fibre) 7.Description of mineral fibre. 8.Property of man made fibres 9.Some defination related with fibre science 10.Moisture regain % and moisture content % of some fibres 11.Application of textile fibres. 12.References

1. TEXTILE FIBRE SCIENCE
PRESENTED BY:- Contact info------
SAHEB BHATTACHARYA (pass out year-2017) Mobile no:-+91 8670588510
B.Tech in TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY Email id:-
sahebbhattacharya07@gmail.com
Govt. College of Engg. & Textile Technology ,BERHAMPORE,WEST BENGAL

2. Fibre:
It is defined as one of the delicate, hair portions of the tissues of a plant or
animal or other substances that are very small in diameter in relation to there
length.
A fiber is a material which is several hundred times as long as its thick.
Fibres have been defined by the Textile Institute as units of matter characterized
by :
flexibility,
fineness
high ratio of length to thickness.

3. Natural Fiber
Animal
Silk, Wool
Vegetable
Cotton, Jute, Flax,
Hemp, Sisal, Coir etc.
Man Made Fiber
Artificial
Viscose, Acetate, Tri
acetate, protein etc.
Synthetic
Acrylic, Nylon,
Polyester etc.

4. COTTON

10. “
”
MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF WOOL

11. MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF JUTE

12. PROPERTY OF NATURAL FIBRE
CHARACTERISTICS COTTON WOOL SILK JUTE
STAPLE LENGTH(cm) 1-8 3.6-35 100000(unbroken
filament)
100-450
DIAMETER(micron) 3.5-10 10-70 2.3 6-20
DENSITY(gm/cc) 1.54 1.32 1.32 1.48
TENSILE
STRENGTH(gm/den)
9-13 4.8-7.1 4.5-4.8 5-8
ELONGATION 5-10% 30% 65% -

13. MINERAL FIBRE (ASBESTOS FIBRE)
Properties:----
o Obtained from varieties of rocks.
o It is fibrous form of silicate of magnesium
and calcium containing iron and
aluminum and other minerals.
o Heat and corrosion resistan.
o Very small particles size (0.02 microns)
o Dampens noise.
o Very flexible.

14. “
”
MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF NYLON

15. NYLON(POLYAMIDE
FIBRE)
MONOMER OF NYLON 6,6 :-Hexamethylene di amine
adipic acid
PROPERTIES:-
a)DENSITY(gm/cc):-1.14
b)TENACITY(gm/den):- 2.3-6
c)GLASS TRANSITION TEMP. :- 29-40 deg centrigate
d)MELTING TEMP.:-249-260 deg centrigate

16. POLTYETHYLENE FIBRE
CHARACTERISTICS LDPE LLDPE HDPE
DENSITY(gm/cc) 0.93 0.94 0.95-0.96
BREAKING
TENACITY(gm/den)
1-3(DRY) 2-5(DRY) 3.5-7(DRY)
ELASTIC RECOVERY 100 at 1% 100 at 1% 100 at 1%
MELTING TEMP.(DEG C) 117-121 150-200 125
CLASSIFICATION:-1)HDPE
2)LLDPE
3)LDPE
4)HPPE
PROPERTIES:-

17. POLYESTER FIBRE{POLY(ETHYLENE
TEREPHTHALATE)}
PROPERTY:-
DENSITY:- 1.38-1.39gm/cc
TENACITY:- 3-10gm/den(dry)
BREAKING ELONGATION: - 12-50%(dry)
ELASTIC RECOVERY:- at 2% 90-96
STIFFNESS:- 20-70gm/den
GLASS TRANSITION TEMP.:- 78-80deg c
MELTING TEMP.:- 265 deg c

18. VINYL FIBRE(POLY ACRYLONITRILE
FIBRE)
PROPERTY:-
TENSILE STRENGTH:- 2.5-4.5gm/den(dry)
DENSITY:- 1.17gm/cc
ELONGATION:- 27-48% (dry)
ELASTIC RECOVERY:- at 2% 99
GLASS TRANSITION TEMP:-100 degc
MELTING TEMPURATURE:- 330-340 deg c

19. SOME DEFINATION RELATED WITH FIBRE SCIENCE
GLASS TRANSITION TEMP.:-The Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) is one of the most important properties of
any epoxy and is the temperature region where the polymer transitions from a hard, glassy material to a soft,
rubbery material.
MELTING TEMP.:- The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a solid is the temperature at which it
changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist
in equilibrium.
CRYSTALLINITY:- Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid. In a crystal, the atoms or
molecules are arranged in a regular, periodic manner. The degree of crystallinity has a big influence on
hardness, density, transparency and diffusion.
N.M.R:- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an analytical chemistry technique used in quality
control and research for determining the content and purity of a sample as well as its molecular structure. For
example, NMR can quantitatively analyze mixtures containing known compounds. For unknown compounds,
NMR can either be used to match against spectral libraries or to infer the basic structure directly. Once the basic
structure is known, NMR can be used to determine molecular conformation in solution as well as studying
physical properties at the molecular level such as conformational exchange, phase changes, solubility,
and diffusion. In order to achieve the desired results, a variety of NMR techniques are available.

20. GLASS FIBRE
CLASSIFICATION:-1)ALKALI TYPE GLASS
2)ELECTRICAL TYPE GLASS
3)CHEMICAL TYPE GLASS
PROPERTIES:-
DENSITY:-2.5-2.6gm/cc
TENACITY:- 6-10gm/cc
ELONGATION:- 3-4%
MELTING TEMP:-750 deg c
COMPOSITION OF GLASS FIBRE:-1)SILICA
2)LIME
3)MAGNESIA
4)SODA
5)POTASH
6)BORIC OXIDE

21. MOISTURE REGAIN % AND MOISTURE CONTENT % OF SOME COMMON FIBRES
Olefin ,Polypropylene, Carbon,Glass fibre has no MR % & MC %
FIBRE MR% MC%
Cotton 8.5 7.34
Jute 13.75 12.1
Viscose 11.0 9.91
Silk 11.0 9.91
Wool 16.0 13.8
Acrylic 1.5 0
Flax 12.4 10.4
Nylon 4.0 3.1
PET 0.4 0
Acetate 6.0 0

22. APPLICATION OF TEXTILE FIBRES
 Apparel textiles
 Bedding & Home textiles
 Automotive textiles

23. APPLICATION OF TEXTILE FIBRES
 Construction textiles
 Geo textiles
 Medical textiles
 Safety textiles

24. REFERENCES
 A Textbook of fibre science &Technology by
S.P.Mishra
 Motivates series by A. Wynne.
 Man made fibres by R.W.Moncrieff
 Dyeing and Chemical Technology of Textile fibres
by E.R.Trotman
 www.textile learner.blogspot.in