This document discusses text mode programming and display pages. It explains that in text mode, the screen is divided into 80 columns by 25 rows. Graphics adapters divide display memory into pages, with one page holding one screen of data. The active display page is the page currently being displayed. The document provides examples of how to select a specific display page and clear the screen.

1. TEXT MODE PROGRAMMING
DISPLAY PAGES

2. IMPORTANT POINT
• Position on the screen may be located by giving its
columns and rows.
• Screen in text mode is divided into 80 columns by 25
rows.
• 0-79 columns ....... 0-24 rows.
• The upper left corner has coordinate (0,0)
• Character display at a screen position is specified by the
contents of a words in the display memory.
• The low byte of a word contains the characters ACSII
code.

3. • The high byte of the word contains its attributes.

4. DISPLAY PAGES
• For a MDA, the display memory can hold one screenful of
data.
• A graphics adapter divides its display memory into
DISPLAY PAGES.
• One page can hold the data for one screen.
• The page are numbered, starting with 0.
• The numbers of pages avaliable depends on the adapter
and the select mode selected.

5. • In the 80*25 text mode,each display pages 4 KB (4096
bytes).
• The Monochrome Display Adapter has only one page.
• The Color Graphics Adapter has four pages.

6. THE ACTIVE DISPLAY PAGE
• The active display page is the page currently being
displayed .
• For 80*25 text mode, the memory requirement is 80*25 =
2000words = 4000 btyes.
• The vedio controller displays the first word in the active
display page at the upper left corner of the screen (col
0,row 0).
• The next word is displayed in column 1, row 0.
• Active display page is displayed on the screen row by
row.

7. • AH register contains the functions number
• 00h set text mode
• 01h set cursor lines
• 02h set cursor position
• 03h get cursor position and size
• 06h scroll window up
• 07h scroll window down
• 08h read character and attributes
• 09h write character and attributes
INT 10h vedio functions:

8. EXAMPLE: Select page 1 for the CGA
solution:
MOV AH,5 ;active display pg function
MOV AL,1 ;pg 1
INT 10H ;select pg

9. EXAMPLE: Clear the screen to black for the 80*25
display.
• SOLUTION:
MOV AH,6 ;scroll up function
XOR AL,AL ;clr whole screen
XOR CX,CX ;upper left corner is(0,0)
MOV DX,184Fh ;lower rite corner is (4Fh,18h)
MOV BH,7 ;normal video attribute
INT 10h ;clr scr