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Organization of the ibm personal computers
- 1. A solution manualto Assembly language Programming and the organization of the IBM PC Chapter 3 Organization of the IBM personal Computer BY:- Ytha Yu & Charles Marut prepared by : Warda Aziz Wardaaziz555@gmail.com
- 2. Question 1: What arethe main differences between 80286 and 8086 processors? Answers: Question 2: What are differences between registers and memory locations? Ans: Question 3: List one special function for each of the data registers AX, BX, CX, DX Ans: AX: input and output operations BX: works as an address register CX: used in looping DX: used in multiplication and division, also in I/0 operation. Question 4: Determine the physical address of a memory location given by 0A51:CD90h Ans: Address= A51*10+CD90 =172A0h Question 5: A memory location has a physical address 4A37Bh. Compute The offset address if seg number is 40FFh The segment number if the offset address is 123Bh Ans: 8086 80286 Invention date 1978 1982 RAM 1 Mb 16Mb Registers 14 reg 8,15 Functional units 2 4 CPU speed 10 MHz 12.5 MHz Modes of operation Operates in real address mode only Operates in real address mode and protected virtual address mode Register Memory location Holds small amount of data Holds a large amount of data Fast access Slower access of data Resides inside CPU Resides in RAM Called by their names Call by their address
- 3. Question 6: What isparagraph boundary? Ans: A paragraph comprises 16 bytes, so any address divisible by 16 is said to be a paragraph boundary. Question 7: What determines how compatible an IBM PC clone is with an authentic IBM PC? Ans: IBM PC compatible computers are those similar to the original/authentic IBM PC; able to run the same software and support the same expansion cards as those. Such computers used to be reffered as PC clones or IBM clones. Compatibility of IBM clones depends on the BIOS routines matching with the authentic IBM PC. Question 8: What is the maximum amount of memory that DOS allocates for loading RUN files? Assume that DOS occupies up to the byte 0FFFF Ans: Usually it depends on the size of RAM used. In 1MB of RAM only 640 kb are accessible for direct use I.e., for loading and running application programs. Question 9: Give the DOS commands to do the following. Suppose that A is the logged drive. A. Copy FILE1 in the current directory to FILE1A on the disk in drive b B. Copy all files with an .ASM extension to the disk in drive B C. Erase all files with the .BAK extension D. List all file names in the current directory that begin with A E. Set the date to September 21, 1991 F. Print the file FILE5.ASM on the printer. Solution: Copy FILE1 in the current directory to FILE1A on the disk in drive b COPY A:FILE1 B:FILE1A Copy all files with an .ASM extension to the disk in drive B COPY A: *.ASM B: Erase all files with the .BAK extension ERASE *.BAK List all file names in the current directory that begin with A DIR A:A*.* Set the date to September 21, 1991 DATE 09-21-9 Print the file FILE5.ASM on the printer.
- 4. PRINT A:FILE5.ASM Question 10: Supposethat (a) the root directory has sub-directories A,B,C (b) A has sub-directories A1 and A2 (c) A1 has a sub directory A1A. Give DOS commands to A) create the preceding directory tree B) Make A1A the current directory C) Have DOS display the current directory D) Remove the preceding directory tree Solution: Create the preceding directory tree C>CD C>MDROOT C>MDROOTA C>MDROOTB C>MDROOTC C>MDROOTAA1 C>MDROOTAA2 C>MDROOTAA1A1A Make A1A the current directory CDROOTAA1A1A Have DOS display the current directory CD Remove the preceding directory tree C>ERASEROOTAA1A1A C>RMROOTAA1 C>RMROOTAA2 C>RMROOTA C>RMROOTB C>RMROOTC C>RMROOT