The document discusses color in multimedia applications. It defines color as the visible range of light, which is a continuum from red to violet. It describes how the human eye perceives color through light receptors sensitive to red, green, and blue. It explains color models like RGB, CMYK, and HSB/HSL that are used to represent and display colors digitally using combinations of primary colors.

1. C O L O R In Multimedia Applications …

2. The Science of Light Light is electromagnetic energy Produced by atoms Exists in a range of frequencies The visible range is COLOR

3. What is Color? The visible range of light A continuum: Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Black is absence of color White is presence of all colors

4. Human Color Perception Light rays stimulate nerves Receptors are sensitive to red, green, and blue light Can interpret thousands of combinations

5. Screen Colors An additive process of combining colored light made of 3 primary colors: Red Green Blue Each pixel displays a single color with a specific RGB number

6. Print Colors A subtractive process of combining colored inks that reflect light: Each printed dot is made up of 3 primary colors: Cyan Magenta Yellow

7. Color Models There are several models to describe colors with a computer: RGB CMYK HSB/HSL Others

8. RGB Set red, green and blue to values in the range of 0 to 255 All colors are expressed as a combination of those 3 values

9. CMYK Used for print media Colors are mixed with different values of: Cyan Magenta Yellow Black

10. HSB/HSL Hue is specified as an angle from 0 to 360 degrees Saturation and Brightness/Lightness are specified as percentages O% saturation is without color 50% lightness/brightness is a pure color (no black or white)

11. Other Models CIE describes color in terms of frequency, saturation, and illuminance YIQ/YUC are based on luminance and chrominance YCC represents digital information converted from photographic images

12. Monitors Color resolution will vary depending on: Screen resolution 800x600 1024x768 Hardware color depth 16 bit 24 bit 32 bit

13. Palettes Tables that define the color of a pixel: 1 bit = 2 colors 4 bits = 16 colors 8 bits = 256 colors 16 bits = 65k colors 24 bits = 16m colors

14. Dithering An image can contain many colors Monitors are limited in the number of colors displayed at once Image colors must be mapped to a palette

15. C O L O R … adds a new dimension

16. RGB Combinations Click to return Black White X X X Cyan X X Magenta X X Yellow X X Blue X Green X Red X Blue Green Red

17. RGB Values Click to return White (255,255,255) Black (0,0,0) Cyan (0,255,255) Magenta (255,0,255) Yellow (255,255,0) Blue (0,0,255) Green (0,255,0) Red (255,0,0)

18. Hue Values Click to return 300 degrees Magenta 240 degrees Blue 180 degrees Cyan 120 degrees Green 60 degrees Yellow 0 degrees Red

19. Combining Colors Click to return