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Motivation:
what not to do …

         APPI, Coimbra
         Sarah Phillips
     Oxford University Press
           April 2012
We don’t need no education.

                                                                                                         W     I I F                            M?
                                                                                                        WIIFM?




<div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/394778919/"><a rel="cc:attributionURL"
href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/</a> / <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">CC
BY-NC-ND 2.0</a></div>
We don’t need no education.

                                                                                                         What’s in it for me?
                                                                                                        WIIFM?




<div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/394778919/"><a rel="cc:attributionURL"
href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/</a> / <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">CC
BY-NC-ND 2.0</a></div>
We don’t need no education.


 W–I–I–
  F – M?
                  This is        I like
                important     learning
                 for me.      like this.


                  This is
                              This is fun.
               interesting.
Homework for today!
 Write about yourself.
      100 words.
I want it in on Monday
W-I-I-F-M?
If we have a goal, education can help us get there.




                  This is        I like
                important     learning
                 for me.      like this.

                   This is
                             This is fun.
                interesting.
We don’t need no thought control.




({{Information |Description= Take me to your leader! |Source=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/75062596@N00/337168724/ Robot jockey army -
P1030118] |Date=December 26, 2006 at 05:53 |Author=[http://www.flickr.com/people/75062596@N00 Lars Plougmann] from London)
We don’t need no thought control.


                                          Thinking is when
                                        your mouth stays shut
                                           and your head
                                        keeps talking to itself.


                                                                                          Child in Year 5, quoted in Smith, A
                                                                                          and Call, N: (1999) The alps
                                                                                          approach

<div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/112877462"><a rel="cc:attributionURL"
href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/</a> / <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/">CC BY-NC 2.0</a></div>
We don’t need no thought control.

“Thinking is involved in any mental activity that helps ….

      ….formulate or solve a problem,


             ….to make a decision,


                   ….or seek understanding.”


                       Fisher, R: (1990) Teaching Children to Think
What are you
    doing?

                      I’m thinking.


   Well! Just stop
thinking and answer
    the question!
We don’t need no thought control.

               FIND THE ODD ONE OUT (there’s more than one right answer!)


         a)                    1     4    9   15    25


         b)            zebra        penguin    killer whale    polar bear


         c)                        can’t could have to does


          d)                   He plays football on Saturdays.

                               He’s playing football on Saturday.

                                   He’s always playing football.


Bob and Joe
We don’t need no thought control.

Thinking about the story

1 Why are they hunting?
2 Why are they scared of the bear?
3 Is Joe right to climb the tree? Can he do
something different?
4 Why does the bear sniff Bob?
5 Can bears speak? Does the bear speak to Bob?
6 Why does Bob say the bear speaks?



  Story and questions adapted from:
  Stories for Thinking by Robert Fisher (1996) Nash Pollock Publishing
We don’t need no thought control.


Thinking about being a friend

1 What is a friend?
2 You don’t like a person. Can you be his/her
friend?
3 Can you fight and be friends?
4 Can you be friends with everybody?
5 What makes a person a special friend?
6 Are the friends of a friend your friends too?
7 How do you make friends?

  Story and questions adapted from:
  Stories for Thinking by Robert Fisher (1996) Nash Pollock Publishing
We need to teach children to think for themselves.


                                  Planning

             Metacognition                   Observing and
                                                making
                                              hypothesis

                               THINKING
                                SKILLS
           Personal and
           interactional
               skills                          Developing
                                              competence


                             Investigating

To angel
No dark sarcasm in the classroom.




 Self esteem


                         Flow
No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
                           physical
                            safety        identity


                 mission          SELF
                                 ESTEEM




                    competence
Link to high
challenge, low                                       Factors that feed
stress.                                              self esteem: from
                                                     Youngs, Bettie B.
No dark sarcasm in the classroom

                                        vocabulary




study skills




                                      spelling




 reading
No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
No dark sarcasm in the classroom.


  High                                  skills

challenge              time
                                                         clear
                      machine
                                                         goals
                       effect



                                        Flow
                  sense of                                feedback
                   control



                             absorbed            focus

                                                                      Low
 Based on: Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow                         stress
We need to create an emotionally safe classroom.

       high                                        Final exams
                       Process writing             Phone calls
                         Games and
                           puzzles
                       Group projects


challenge

                        Copying               Word search with
                       Listen and                a time limit
                         repeat               (some) Dictations

           low

                 low                                   high
                                     stress
 Link to self
 esteem cogs
Teacher leave them kids alone!




Happiness is …. a sense of participation
  in determining the content of life.




                                      Link to juggler
Teacher leave them kids alone!

                                     The children that didn’t eat the
The children that ate the
                                     marshmallow turned out to be …
marshmallow turned out to be …
                                     More socially competent
Less sociable
                                     Personally effective
More stubborn
                                     Self assertive
More indecisive
                                     More able to cope with frustration
Lower self esteem
                                     Less likely to go to pieces
Sensitive to stress
                                     Embraced challenges
Resentful about “not getting
                                     Self reliant and confident
enough”
                                     Trustworthy and dependable
Prone to jealousy
                                     Took iniciatives
Over-react to irritations
                                     More academically competent
Unable to put off the desire for a
                                     More linguistically competent
“quick fix”
                                     More able to use and respond to reason
                                     More able to concentrate
                                     More able to make plans
                                     More eager to learn
Teacher leave them kids alone!


                      responsibilities    classroom
                                         organisation

                                                                         behaviour
    what’s
    done
    when




   how an                                                           who they
   activity                                                          work
   is done                                                            with




Link to conclusions
                              Handing over          ({{Information |Description=Ronald Graham, his wife Fan
                                                    Chung Graham and Paul Erdős in Japan.

                            a sense of control      |Source=http://math.ucsd.edu/~fan/ron/jug.html
                                                    |Date=1986 |Author=Che Graham |Permission=Granted
                                                    by Fan Chung Graham (11/19/07) |other_versions= }} )
Teacher leave them kids alone!




                   A polygon hunt in
                      Santiago de
                     Compostela,
                         Spain
NO!
          We don’t need no education.
Show children that education helps them achieve
                  their goals.
                     NO!
     We don’t need no thought control.
              Teach children to
            think for themselves.
     No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
                     NO!
              Create create an
         emotionally safe classroom.
       Teacher leave them kids alone!
                   YES!
        Hand over a sense of control.
            The sky’s the limit!
Bibliography

Gilbert, I. (2002) Essential Motivation in the Classroom
Routledge Falmer

Ginnis, P. (2002) The Teacher’s Toolkit
Crown House Publishing Ltd




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Coimbra Motivation. what not to do

  • 1. Motivation: what not to do … APPI, Coimbra Sarah Phillips Oxford University Press April 2012
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. We don’t need no education. W I I F M? WIIFM? <div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/394778919/"><a rel="cc:attributionURL" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/</a> / <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 2.0</a></div>
  • 5. We don’t need no education. What’s in it for me? WIIFM? <div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/394778919/"><a rel="cc:attributionURL" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/deannabeth/</a> / <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 2.0</a></div>
  • 6. We don’t need no education. W–I–I– F – M? This is I like important learning for me. like this. This is This is fun. interesting.
  • 7. Homework for today! Write about yourself. 100 words. I want it in on Monday
  • 9. If we have a goal, education can help us get there. This is I like important learning for me. like this. This is This is fun. interesting.
  • 10. We don’t need no thought control. ({{Information |Description= Take me to your leader! |Source=[http://www.flickr.com/photos/75062596@N00/337168724/ Robot jockey army - P1030118] |Date=December 26, 2006 at 05:53 |Author=[http://www.flickr.com/people/75062596@N00 Lars Plougmann] from London)
  • 11. We don’t need no thought control. Thinking is when your mouth stays shut and your head keeps talking to itself. Child in Year 5, quoted in Smith, A and Call, N: (1999) The alps approach <div xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/112877462"><a rel="cc:attributionURL" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/">http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevenmphoto/</a> / <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/">CC BY-NC 2.0</a></div>
  • 12. We don’t need no thought control. “Thinking is involved in any mental activity that helps …. ….formulate or solve a problem, ….to make a decision, ….or seek understanding.” Fisher, R: (1990) Teaching Children to Think
  • 13. What are you doing? I’m thinking. Well! Just stop thinking and answer the question!
  • 14. We don’t need no thought control. FIND THE ODD ONE OUT (there’s more than one right answer!) a) 1 4 9 15 25 b) zebra penguin killer whale polar bear c) can’t could have to does d) He plays football on Saturdays. He’s playing football on Saturday. He’s always playing football. Bob and Joe
  • 15.
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  • 18. We don’t need no thought control. Thinking about the story 1 Why are they hunting? 2 Why are they scared of the bear? 3 Is Joe right to climb the tree? Can he do something different? 4 Why does the bear sniff Bob? 5 Can bears speak? Does the bear speak to Bob? 6 Why does Bob say the bear speaks? Story and questions adapted from: Stories for Thinking by Robert Fisher (1996) Nash Pollock Publishing
  • 19. We don’t need no thought control. Thinking about being a friend 1 What is a friend? 2 You don’t like a person. Can you be his/her friend? 3 Can you fight and be friends? 4 Can you be friends with everybody? 5 What makes a person a special friend? 6 Are the friends of a friend your friends too? 7 How do you make friends? Story and questions adapted from: Stories for Thinking by Robert Fisher (1996) Nash Pollock Publishing
  • 20. We need to teach children to think for themselves. Planning Metacognition Observing and making hypothesis THINKING SKILLS Personal and interactional skills Developing competence Investigating To angel
  • 21. No dark sarcasm in the classroom. Self esteem Flow
  • 22. No dark sarcasm in the classroom. physical safety identity mission SELF ESTEEM competence Link to high challenge, low Factors that feed stress. self esteem: from Youngs, Bettie B.
  • 23. No dark sarcasm in the classroom vocabulary study skills spelling reading
  • 24. No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
  • 25. No dark sarcasm in the classroom.
  • 26. No dark sarcasm in the classroom. High skills challenge time clear machine goals effect Flow sense of feedback control absorbed focus Low Based on: Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow stress
  • 27. We need to create an emotionally safe classroom. high Final exams Process writing Phone calls Games and puzzles Group projects challenge Copying Word search with Listen and a time limit repeat (some) Dictations low low high stress Link to self esteem cogs
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  • 29. Teacher leave them kids alone! Happiness is …. a sense of participation in determining the content of life. Link to juggler
  • 30. Teacher leave them kids alone! The children that didn’t eat the The children that ate the marshmallow turned out to be … marshmallow turned out to be … More socially competent Less sociable Personally effective More stubborn Self assertive More indecisive More able to cope with frustration Lower self esteem Less likely to go to pieces Sensitive to stress Embraced challenges Resentful about “not getting Self reliant and confident enough” Trustworthy and dependable Prone to jealousy Took iniciatives Over-react to irritations More academically competent Unable to put off the desire for a More linguistically competent “quick fix” More able to use and respond to reason More able to concentrate More able to make plans More eager to learn
  • 31. Teacher leave them kids alone! responsibilities classroom organisation behaviour what’s done when how an who they activity work is done with Link to conclusions Handing over ({{Information |Description=Ronald Graham, his wife Fan Chung Graham and Paul Erdős in Japan. a sense of control |Source=http://math.ucsd.edu/~fan/ron/jug.html |Date=1986 |Author=Che Graham |Permission=Granted by Fan Chung Graham (11/19/07) |other_versions= }} )
  • 32. Teacher leave them kids alone! A polygon hunt in Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  • 33. NO! We don’t need no education. Show children that education helps them achieve their goals. NO! We don’t need no thought control. Teach children to think for themselves. No dark sarcasm in the classroom. NO! Create create an emotionally safe classroom. Teacher leave them kids alone! YES! Hand over a sense of control. The sky’s the limit!
  • 34. Bibliography Gilbert, I. (2002) Essential Motivation in the Classroom Routledge Falmer Ginnis, P. (2002) The Teacher’s Toolkit Crown House Publishing Ltd Secret URL: http://www.slideshare.net