Slides of the talk during Terracognita 2014 in RIVA del GARDA, where the authors presented the description of ontologies for geometries, coordinate reference systems and publication of French Administrative Units on the Web. Paper can be downloaded at http://event.cwi.nl/terracognita2014/terra2014_1.pdf.
2018 GIS in Government: The Role of GIS in Developing a Comprehensive Stormwa...GIS in the Rockies
The City of Colorado Springs (City) is immersed in ongoing stormwater litigation due, in part, to forest fires and flooding events in the recent past, which have overstressed the drainage infrastructure. An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) was enacted between the City, Colorado Springs Utilities, and Pueblo County to address needed infrastructure improvements. Matrix Design Group is developing the Stormwater Infrastructure Master Plan (SIMP), which collects, standardizes, integrates, and analyzes 50 plus years of information on proposed stormwater capital and operations & maintenance projects needed to address current and future stormwater and drainage limitations in the City. GIS is a critical component of the project, and is involved heavily in identification, compilation, and prioritization of stormwater projects and drainage infrastructure. Utilizing the Esri ArcGIS suite of tools, including Collector for ArcGIS, the team assembled projects, photos, and condition information for some 270 miles of open channel into databases, as well as performed data maintenance to condense the studies, master plans, projects, and activities into a comprehensive uniform plan to be executed by the City. The compiled data will be displayed in an interactive online mapping tool powered by Geocortex, which will assist in tracking the progress of short-term and long-term projects, as well as associated budgets, and provide metrics for requested summary reporting. The SIMP project is key to planning the City’s stormwater infrastructure improvements and imparting direction to the IGA.
2018 GIS in Government: The Role of GIS in Developing a Comprehensive Stormwa...GIS in the Rockies
The City of Colorado Springs (City) is immersed in ongoing stormwater litigation due, in part, to forest fires and flooding events in the recent past, which have overstressed the drainage infrastructure. An Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) was enacted between the City, Colorado Springs Utilities, and Pueblo County to address needed infrastructure improvements. Matrix Design Group is developing the Stormwater Infrastructure Master Plan (SIMP), which collects, standardizes, integrates, and analyzes 50 plus years of information on proposed stormwater capital and operations & maintenance projects needed to address current and future stormwater and drainage limitations in the City. GIS is a critical component of the project, and is involved heavily in identification, compilation, and prioritization of stormwater projects and drainage infrastructure. Utilizing the Esri ArcGIS suite of tools, including Collector for ArcGIS, the team assembled projects, photos, and condition information for some 270 miles of open channel into databases, as well as performed data maintenance to condense the studies, master plans, projects, and activities into a comprehensive uniform plan to be executed by the City. The compiled data will be displayed in an interactive online mapping tool powered by Geocortex, which will assist in tracking the progress of short-term and long-term projects, as well as associated budgets, and provide metrics for requested summary reporting. The SIMP project is key to planning the City’s stormwater infrastructure improvements and imparting direction to the IGA.
Slides of the paper presented at #COLD2014 available at http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1264/cold2014_AtemezingT.pdf, on building a Linked-data Visualization Wizard.
Slides of my PhD presentation @ Eurecom, presenting our work on publishing and consuming geo-spatial data and government data using Semantic Web technologies.
Geographica: A Benchmark for Geospatial RDF StoresKostis Kyzirakos
Geospatial extensions of SPARQL like GeoSPARQL and stSPARQL have recently been defined and corresponding geospatial RDF stores have been implemented. However, there is no widely used benchmark for evaluating geospatial RDF stores which takes into account recent advances to the state of the art in this area. In this paper, we develop a benchmark, called Geographica, which uses both real-world and synthetic data to test the offered functionality and the performance of some prominent geospatial RDF stores.
Linked geospatial data has recently received attention, as researchers and practitioners have started tapping the wealth of geospatial information available on the Web. Incomplete geospatial information, although appearing often in the applications captured by such datasets, is not represented and queried properly due to the lack of appropriate data models and query languages. We discuss our recent work on the model RDFi, an extension of RDF with the ability to represent property values that exist, but are unknown or partially known, using constraints, and an extension of the query language SPARQL with qualitative and quantitative geospatial querying capabilities. We demonstrate the usefulness of RDFi in geospatial Semantic Web applications by giving examples and comparing the modeling capabilities of RDFi with the ones of related Semantic Web systems.
GRASS and OSGeo: a framework for archeologyMarkus Neteler
Use of GIS and geospatial data in archeology. Contribution to:
Quarto Workshop Italiano "Open Source, Free Software e Open Format nei processi di ricerca archeologica", Roma, 27 e 28 aprile 2009. Sede centrale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
http://www.archeo-foss.org/
Abstract:
With the widespread availability of desktop GIS, archaeologists have gained the tools to comprehensively analyze the important spatial component of their data. Initial archaeological use of GIS was (and still is in many instances) for making maps of archaeological sites. Rather quickly GIS became used for predictive modeling of site locations. More recently, viewshed analysis has seen increasing use, in efforts to understand prehistoric perceptions of the landscape.
In the last years, Open Source GIS software evolved to a powerful set of software products which support both scientific as well as common GIS users. In particular, the integration of GIS with image processing capabilities, geospatial data analysis, database management system and Web mapping software enables archaeologists to perform their tasks in a completely free environment. Since 2006, the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) operates as umbrella foundation for Web Mapping, Desktop GIS Applications, Geospatial Libraries, Metadata Catalog as well as the Public Geospatial Data project and the Education and Curriculum project.
In our presentation, we focus on GRASS GIS (http://grass.osgeo.org/) for spatial data analysis and visualization. GRASS is the largest Open Source GIS program currently available. The new version GRASS 6.4.0 is interoperable as it supports all common vector and raster GIS formats. Its capabilities cover raster and volume spatial analysis and modeling, time-series and landscape analysis, image processing, and visualization of 2D and 3D (voxel) raster data. Vector data can be digitized, extracted, extruded to 3D, and vector networks analyzed. Vector data are handled topologically. Vector attributes are stored in internal or externally connected databases. All general GIS tasks like map reprojection, georeferencing, and transformations are available for raster and vector data. The data storage concept of GRASS permits for single as well as multi-user access set up via network file system.
GRASS 6.4.0, the new stable release after more than one year of development and testing, brings a number of exciting enhancements to the GIS. Besides the hundreds of new module features, supported data formats, and language translations. The 6.4.0 release also runs in MS-Windows, a new installer is provided. A new graphical user interface with integrated location wizard and new vector digitizer is also included.
The presentation concludes with a series of applications relevant to archaeology including image processing, Lidar data analysis, fast viewshed analysis and more.
The implementation of the INSPIRE Directive in Europe and similar efforts around the globe to develop spatial data infrastructures and global systems of systems have been focusing largely on the adoption of agreed technologies, standards, and specifications to meet the (systems) interoperability challenge. Addressing the key scientific challenges of humanity in the 21st century requires however a much increased inter-disciplinary effort, which in turn makes more complex demands on the type of systems and arrangements needed to support it. This paper analyses the challenges for inter-disciplinary interoperability using the experience of the EuroGEOSS research project. It argues that inter-disciplinarity requires mutual understanding of requirements, methods, theoretical underpinning and tacit knowledge, and this in turn demands for a flexible approach to interoperability based on mediation, brokering and semantics-aware, cross-thematic functionalities. The paper demonstrates the implications of adopting this approach and charts the trajectory for the evolution of current spatial data infrastructures.
Slides of the paper presented at #COLD2014 available at http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1264/cold2014_AtemezingT.pdf, on building a Linked-data Visualization Wizard.
Slides of my PhD presentation @ Eurecom, presenting our work on publishing and consuming geo-spatial data and government data using Semantic Web technologies.
Geographica: A Benchmark for Geospatial RDF StoresKostis Kyzirakos
Geospatial extensions of SPARQL like GeoSPARQL and stSPARQL have recently been defined and corresponding geospatial RDF stores have been implemented. However, there is no widely used benchmark for evaluating geospatial RDF stores which takes into account recent advances to the state of the art in this area. In this paper, we develop a benchmark, called Geographica, which uses both real-world and synthetic data to test the offered functionality and the performance of some prominent geospatial RDF stores.
Linked geospatial data has recently received attention, as researchers and practitioners have started tapping the wealth of geospatial information available on the Web. Incomplete geospatial information, although appearing often in the applications captured by such datasets, is not represented and queried properly due to the lack of appropriate data models and query languages. We discuss our recent work on the model RDFi, an extension of RDF with the ability to represent property values that exist, but are unknown or partially known, using constraints, and an extension of the query language SPARQL with qualitative and quantitative geospatial querying capabilities. We demonstrate the usefulness of RDFi in geospatial Semantic Web applications by giving examples and comparing the modeling capabilities of RDFi with the ones of related Semantic Web systems.
GRASS and OSGeo: a framework for archeologyMarkus Neteler
Use of GIS and geospatial data in archeology. Contribution to:
Quarto Workshop Italiano "Open Source, Free Software e Open Format nei processi di ricerca archeologica", Roma, 27 e 28 aprile 2009. Sede centrale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
http://www.archeo-foss.org/
Abstract:
With the widespread availability of desktop GIS, archaeologists have gained the tools to comprehensively analyze the important spatial component of their data. Initial archaeological use of GIS was (and still is in many instances) for making maps of archaeological sites. Rather quickly GIS became used for predictive modeling of site locations. More recently, viewshed analysis has seen increasing use, in efforts to understand prehistoric perceptions of the landscape.
In the last years, Open Source GIS software evolved to a powerful set of software products which support both scientific as well as common GIS users. In particular, the integration of GIS with image processing capabilities, geospatial data analysis, database management system and Web mapping software enables archaeologists to perform their tasks in a completely free environment. Since 2006, the Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) operates as umbrella foundation for Web Mapping, Desktop GIS Applications, Geospatial Libraries, Metadata Catalog as well as the Public Geospatial Data project and the Education and Curriculum project.
In our presentation, we focus on GRASS GIS (http://grass.osgeo.org/) for spatial data analysis and visualization. GRASS is the largest Open Source GIS program currently available. The new version GRASS 6.4.0 is interoperable as it supports all common vector and raster GIS formats. Its capabilities cover raster and volume spatial analysis and modeling, time-series and landscape analysis, image processing, and visualization of 2D and 3D (voxel) raster data. Vector data can be digitized, extracted, extruded to 3D, and vector networks analyzed. Vector data are handled topologically. Vector attributes are stored in internal or externally connected databases. All general GIS tasks like map reprojection, georeferencing, and transformations are available for raster and vector data. The data storage concept of GRASS permits for single as well as multi-user access set up via network file system.
GRASS 6.4.0, the new stable release after more than one year of development and testing, brings a number of exciting enhancements to the GIS. Besides the hundreds of new module features, supported data formats, and language translations. The 6.4.0 release also runs in MS-Windows, a new installer is provided. A new graphical user interface with integrated location wizard and new vector digitizer is also included.
The presentation concludes with a series of applications relevant to archaeology including image processing, Lidar data analysis, fast viewshed analysis and more.
The implementation of the INSPIRE Directive in Europe and similar efforts around the globe to develop spatial data infrastructures and global systems of systems have been focusing largely on the adoption of agreed technologies, standards, and specifications to meet the (systems) interoperability challenge. Addressing the key scientific challenges of humanity in the 21st century requires however a much increased inter-disciplinary effort, which in turn makes more complex demands on the type of systems and arrangements needed to support it. This paper analyses the challenges for inter-disciplinary interoperability using the experience of the EuroGEOSS research project. It argues that inter-disciplinarity requires mutual understanding of requirements, methods, theoretical underpinning and tacit knowledge, and this in turn demands for a flexible approach to interoperability based on mediation, brokering and semantics-aware, cross-thematic functionalities. The paper demonstrates the implications of adopting this approach and charts the trajectory for the evolution of current spatial data infrastructures.
This talk opened the geospatial track of the Apache Big Data conference. The geospatial track aimed to increase the benefits of implementing open source consistent with open geospatial standards.
After an introduction of the geospatial track this talk focused on these topics:
- Applications of Big Geo Data
- Geospatial Open Standards
- Big Geo Use Cases
- Open Source and Open Standards.
What do a consumer goods manufacturer and a credit insurance group have in common? Both are subject to a variety of risks which, if not detected, may dramatically impact their operations and bottom lines. Delve into the challenges of putting together a semantic, technology-based business solution that monitors and reacts to a large amount of consumer feedback in real time, providing insights on consumer product quality. Hear how this approach assists credit risk analysts in the early detection of signals and events affecting companies’ solvency to anticipate default risks of targeted companies. Walk through this journey to solve real-world problems with business intelligence solutions based on semantic data and technologies.
Benchmarking Commercial RDF Stores with Publications Office DatasetGhislain Atemezing
The slides present a benchmark of RDF stores with real-world datasets and queries from the EU Publications Office (PO). The study compares the performance of four commercial triple stores: Stardog 4.3 EE, GraphDB 8.0.3 EE, Oracle 12.2c and Virtuoso 7.2.4.2 with respect to the following requirements: bulk loading, scalability, stability and query execution.
Information Content based Ranking Metric for Linked Open VocabulariesGhislain Atemezing
This talk was presented in Leipzig, during the SEMANTiCS '2014 Conference, in September. It basically gives an overview of how Information Content Theory metrics can be applied to Semantic Web, and especially to vocabularies. The results of the proposed ranking metrics can be applied in three areas: (1) vocabulary life-cycle management, (ii) semantic web visualizations and (iii) Interlinking process.
Harmonizing services for LOD vocabularies: a case studyGhislain Atemezing
This presentation describes a solution on how to align well-know services with the aim of managing and harmonizing vocabularies' metadata, with a special use case on prefix.cc.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
4) NIMS UNIV
5) JECRC
6) VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL UNIV
7) BIT JAIPUR
8) APEX UNIV
9) AMITY UNIV.
10) JNU
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSNje0MBh7g
VISIT CAREER MANTRA PORTAL TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES/UNIVERSITITES in Jaipur:
https://careermantra.net/colleges/3378/Jaipur/b-tech
Get all the information you need to plan your next steps in your medical career with Career Mantra!
https://careermantra.net/
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
1. PUBLISHING
REFERENCE
GEODATA
ON
THE
WEB:
OPPORTUNITIES
AND
CHALLENGES
FOR
IGN
FRANCE
Ghislain
A.
Atemezing,
Nathalie
Abadie,
Raphaël
Troncy,
Bénédicte
Bucher
Terra
Cognita
2014
6th
International
Workshop
on
the
Foundations,
Technologies
and
Applications
of
the
Geospatial
Web
October
19th
2014
Riva
del
Garda,
Trentino,
Italy
ANR-10-CORD-009
2. 2
GIS
DATA
§ DATA WITH ATTRIBUTES AND GEOMETRIES
3. 3
GIS
DATA
§ METRIC PROPERTIES CAN BE DERIVED FROM THE GEOMETRIES
Area:100
Km2
Perimeter:
53848
m
12. 12
OUR
GOAL
à Taking advantage of existing geographic data
sources on the Web
- To geo-reference other resources: provide URIs for
identifying geographic resources
- To contribute to better data linking results: provide
detailed and precise geometries, spatial properties
13. 13
§ GEOFLA® DATASET ON FRENCH ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
Geofla metadata on CRS
http://professionnels.ign.fr/sites/default/files/DC_GEOFLA_1-1.pdf
Open Licence
PUBLISHING
REFERENCE
GEODATA
ON
THE
WEB
14. 14
PUBLISHING
REFERENCE
GEODATA
ON
THE
WEB
§ GEODATA PUBLICATION PROCESS:
TOOLS AND RESOURCES REQUIRED
ADAPTED FROM (SCHARFFE, 2013)
RDFS/OWL
ontologies
L(O)D
RDF
Data
linking
SW
RDF
RDF
2
RDF
Raw
RDF
Geo
2
RDF
SpaFal
RDB
GML
SHP
…
Data
sources
Vocabulary
of
geometries
Vocabulary
selecFon
ExisFng
vocabularies
Mapping
Vocabulary
of
geographic
feature
types
Vocabulary
search
CRS
registry
15. 15
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
§ REQUIREMENTS FOR DESCRIBING GEOMETRIES
(ATEMEZING AND TRONCY, 2012)
- Dissociating features and their geometries
- Representing structured geometries (à la NeoGeo)
- Associating geometries to any type of things
(not only Feature)
- Associating geometries to any
Coordinates Reference System
16. 16
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
§ REUSING EXISTING VOCABULARIES?
Limites:
W3C Basic Geo Vocabulary
GeoRSS
GeoSPARQL (Simple Features)
NeoGeo (geovocab)
Not enough geometry types Geometry represented only by literals
Restricted to WGS84 CRS
Domain of « hasGeometry » = Feature
17. -‐ Structured
geometries
-‐ Keep
compaFbility
with
GeoSparql
(wktLiteral)
-‐ A
property
for
associaFng
anything
to
a
geometry
-‐ A
property
for
associaFng
geometries
to
one
given
CRS
17
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
§ REUSING EXISTING VOCABULARIES
Limites:
W3C Basic Geo Vocabulary
GeoRSS
GeoSPARQL (Simple Features)
NeoGeo (geovocab)
To
be
extended
with:
Not enough geometry types Geometry represented only by literals
Restricted to WGS84 CRS
Domain of « hasGeometry » = Feature
18. 18
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
§ EXTENDING GEOSPARQL VOCABULARY
à Creating subclasses of GeoSparql classes when needed
@prefix
ngeo:
<h^p://geovocab.org/geometry#>.
@prefix
sf:
<h^p://www.opengis.net/ont/sf#>.
[…]
geom:Geometry
a
owl:Class;
rdfs:comment
"PrimiFve
géométrique
non
instanciable,
racine
de
l'ontologie
des
primiFves
géométriques.
Une
géométrie
est
associée
à
un
système
de
coordonnées
et
un
seul."@fr;
rdfs:label
"Géométrie"@fr,
"Geometry"@en;
owl:equivalentClass
[
a
owl:Restric8on;
owl:onClass
ignf:CoordinatesSystem;
owl:onProperty
geom:crs;
owl:qualifiedCardinality
"1"^^xsd:nonNega8veInteger];
rdfs:subClassOf
ngeo:Geometry;
rdfs:subClassOf
sf:Geometry.
19. 19
ASSOCIATING
CRS
TO
GEOMETRIES
§ REQUIREMENTS FOR CRS
Identified by dereferenceable URI
Identified by intuitive names
All French CRS (even deprecated CRS like “Lambert 1”, defined by IGNF
authority)
§ IDENTIFYING AND DESCRIBING CRS ON THE WEB
à Existing solutions
OGC
http://www.epsg-registry.org
http://www.crs-geo.eu
http://spatialrefence.org
IGNF registry
20. 20
ASSOCIATING
CRS
TO
GEOMETRIES
§ A VOCABULARY FOR DESCRIBING CRS
à Subset of ISO 19111 model
à Available at http://data.ign.fr/def/ignf
§ A DATASET OF FRENCH CRS
à Converted from XML data published by IGN France to RDF with Datalift
à Eg: “Lambert 2 étendu” http://data.ign.fr/id/ignf/crs/NTFLAMB2E
21. 21
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
! Adding properties and restrictions for structured geometries
geom:Point
a
owl:Class;
rdfs:label
"Point"@en,
"Point"@fr;
rdfs:subClassOf
geom:Geometry;
rdfs:subClassOf
sf:Point;
owl:equivalentClass
[
a
owl:Class
;
owl:intersecFonOf
(
[
a
owl:RestricFon;
owl:onDataRange
xsd:double;
owl:onProperty
geom:coordY;
owl:qualifiedCardinality
1"^^xsd:nonNegaFveInteger
]
[
a
owl:RestricFon;
owl:onDataRange
xsd:double;
owl:onProperty
geom:coordX;
owl:qualifiedCardinality
"1"^^xsd:nonNegaFveInteger]
[
a
owl:RestricFon;
owl:onDataRange
xsd:double;
owl:onProperty
geom:coordZ;
owl:maxQualifiedCardinality
"1"^^xsd:nonNegaFveInteger]
[…]
)].
22. 22
VOCABULARY
FOR
GEOMETRY
! Defining linestrings as ordered lists of points
! Defining linear rings as ordered and circular lists of points
geom:LineString a owl:Class;
rdfs:label "Line string"@en, "Polyligne"@fr;
rdfs:subClassOf geom:Curve;
rdfs:subClassOf [
a owl:Restriction;
owl:onClass geom:PointsList;
owl:onProperty geom:points;
owl:qualifiedCardinality "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ];
rdfs:subClassOf sf:LineString.
geom:PointsList a owl:Class;
rdfs:comment "Ordered list of points."@en;
rdfs:label "List of points"@en,"Liste de points"@fr;
rdfs:subClassOf rdf:List;
rdfs:subClassOf [
a owl:Restriction;
owl:allValuesFrom geom:Point;
owl:onProperty rdf:first].
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
9
Different interpretations
of the same list of points
may lead to different
linestrings
26. 26
L(O)D
RDF
103
413
features
Data
linking
SW
RDF
RDF
2
RDF
Raw
RDF
xxx
2
RDF
h^p://data.ign.fr/def/topo
Mapping
h^p://data.ign.fr/def/geometrie
CRS
Dataset
Geofla®
shapefiles
LIMES:
geometries,
threshold
0,9
654
links
created
LinkedGeoData:
lgdo:Amenity
5
543
000
triples
CONVERTING
AND
LINKING
FRENCH
GAZETTEER
27. 27
OPPORTUNITIES
AND
CHALLENGES
§ RESOURCES FOR DIRECT AND INDIRECT GEOREFERENCING OF
DATA
§ NEED FOR INTEROPERABLE GEOGRAPHIC REFERENCE DATA
à For data users
à For data producers
§ MANAGING DATA UPDATES
à Versioning
à Spatio-temporal evolutions
§ MULTIPLE REPRESENTATION: NEED FOR METADATA?
à Level of detail
à Geometry modeling rules