The document discusses temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, including TMJ dysfunction syndrome (TMD) and myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS). It covers the anatomy of the TMJ, functional movements, classification of disorders, signs and symptoms, examination techniques, treatment options including reversible therapies like splint therapy and irreversible surgical treatment, and prevention strategies.

1. University Of Aden
Faculty of dentistry
2012
Oral Medicine
Dr .Muhgat Abdo
Oral & Dentofacial Surgeon
www.adendent-faculty.net
muhgatabdo@hotmail.de

2. Temporomandibular Joint
(TMJ)
Disorders
 What is the main function of
Cartilage?
 What is the difference between
TMJ articular cartilage and
cartilage of other synovial
joints?
 What are the goals of non-
surgical management of TMJ
disorders?
 What are the indications to
proceed with TMJ surgery?

3. Temporomandibular Joint
Disorders
Anatomy of TMJ:
 Glennoid Fossa
 Mandibular Condyle
 Articular Disc
 Ligamentous Structurres:
1. Functional Ligament
2. Accessory ligament

4. Temporomandibular Joint
Disorders
Functional Movement of TMJ:
1. Elevation (Jaw Closing)
2. Depression (Jaw Opening)
3. Protrusion
4. Retrution
5. Laterotrusion

5. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Classification

6. Temporomandibular Joint
Disorders
Classification of TMJ Disorders:
1. Developmental Disorders of TMJ
2. Degenerative Joint Disease
3. Inflammatory Disorders of the Joint
4. Traumatic Disorders of TMJ
5. Metabolic Disorders
6. Neoplastic Disorders
7. TMJ Disorders Syndrome or Myofacial
Pain Dysfunction Syndrome

7. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
 Definition
 Etiology
 Classification
 Examination
 Treatment
 Prevention

8. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Definition:
 When muscle spasm develops, dysfunction as well
as pain occurs and the condition usually is
designated as MPDS.
It is initiated as spasm of one or more
masticatory muscle.
 Temporomandibular disorders are a group of
maladies which can affect the TMJ, as well as the
associated muscles of the jaw, face and neck as
well as related neurological and vascular
structures.

9. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
What symptoms are associated
with Temporomandibular
?disorders
What are the components of
evaluation of the patient with
Temporomandibular joint
?symptoms
What symptoms are
associated with myofacial
pain dysfunction
?syndrome

10. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Etiology:
 Occlusal status:
Orthodontic viewpoint
Prosthetic viewpoint
Periodontal viewpoint
 Emotional status:
Oral bad habits

11. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Etiology:
 Psychophysiologic
theory:
 Bruxism:

12. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Classification:
1. Disc displacement
2. Structural incompatibility (Deviation,
Adhesion, Hypermobility)
3. Inflammatory disorders (Synovitis/capsulitis,
Arthritides)
4. Ankylosis
5. Neoplasia

13. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Classification

14. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Signs & Symptoms:
 Pain of the joint on palpation.
 Pain on movement of the joint.
 Altered TMJ function, including trismus,
reduced opening, and mandibular deviation
on opening.
 Joint popping, clicking or crepitus.
 Facial pain.
 Pain on palpation of the muscles of
mastication.
 Pain on opening.

15. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Examination:
 History
 Physical Examination
 Radiologic Examination:
Radiography (Normal Radiography)
C T (Tomography)
Arthrography
Electrography (MRI)
Arthroscopy

16. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Physical Examination: Palpation of Masticatory
Muscles:

17. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Observation of Mandibular Motion:

18. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Palpation of the Joint:

19. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Radiographic Evaluation:

20. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
• Reversible Therapy (Patient education,
medication, physical therapy, and splint
therapy. Occlusal adjustment.
• Irreversible Therapies that involve
permanent changes in the function or
morphology of the masticatory system
(Surgical treatment).

21. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Patient education & self care

22. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Medication

23. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Physiotherapy

24. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Splint

25. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Elimination the Stress

26. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Treatment:
 Dental Care

27. TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome (TMD)
Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome
(MPDS)
Prevention:
 Eliminate oral habits such as teeth grinding and
yawing widely.
 Dental treatment (orthodontic treatment,
prosthetic restoration, orthognathic surgery and
TMJ surgery).
 Seek effective treatment for diseases such as
osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia.
 Early Diagnosis and therapy.