Downloaded 23 times
Uploaded bySindhu Ravichandran
Technological advances in primary dental care
The document presents an overview of technological advances in primary dental care, including various preventive modalities, genetics in oral health, gene therapy, stem cells, and the application of information technology. It discusses the importance of immunizations and genetic factors influencing dental conditions such as dental caries and periodontal diseases. The document emphasizes the role of preventive measures and innovations in improving oral health outcomes.
More Related Content
Similar to Technological advances in primary dental care
Technological advances in primary dental care
- 1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN PRIMARY DENTALCARE Presented By Dr.Sindhu R IIIrd Year Postgraduate Department of Public Health Dentistry
- 2. CONTENTS ◦ Introduction ◦ Primarypreventive modalities ◦ Immunizations in oral health Dental caries vaccine ◦ Genetics in oral health Genetic epidemiology Dental caries Periodontal diseases Oral cancer ◦ Gene therapy Applications in dentistry ◦ Stem cells in oral health ◦ Information technology in oral health ◦ References
- 3. DEFINITION ‘Primary dental careis continuing management and coordination of health services provided by a dental care provider system of first contact for maintenance of health, prevention of disease and injury, and restoration of health. It includes appropriate assessment of general and oral health status; provision of oral diagnostic, preventive, educational, and therapeutic services; and referral and coordination of episodic specialty care.’ -MICHAEL J. LOUPE(Alma Ata Declaration)
- 5. Primary preventive modalities Technological advances Toothbrushing Dentifrices Interdental aids Irrigation Mouthrinses Fluoride Dental sealants Professional dental hygiene treatment Immunizations Genetics Gene therapy Stem cells in oral health Information technology
- 6. IMMUNIZATIONS IN ORALHEALTH DENTAL CARIES VACCINE W.H.Bowen(196 9) Antigenic components targeted by vaccine: GTF Adhesins Dextranase
- 7. Clinical trials Oral immunizationwith GTF capsules Reduced s.mutans for upto 42days GTF applied topically to buccal mucosa Reduced s.mutans reaccumulation Transfer of milk antibody specific for whole s.mutans from mother to infant(breast- feeding) Effective if followed till “Window of infectivity” 1st= 19-31months 2nd= 6-12 years Effect duration was short in young adults(<42days) Adults- not appropriate for vaccination Animal experiments Intravenous immunization Monkeys caries reduction Subcutaneous immunization rats caries reduction
- 8. 1year old Infants Effectiveimmunity against colonization of s.mutans Younger adults (18-23years) Already infected with s.mutans RISKS OF VACCINE Cross reactivity
- 9.
- 10. Genetic disorders Genetic disordersaffecting jaw bones and faces Cherubism Cleidocranial dysplasia Gardner syndrome Mandibulofacial dysostosis (Treacher Collins syndrome) Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome Osteogenesis imperfecta Apert’s syndrome Crouzon syndrome Genetic disorders affecting oral mucosa Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome IIB Neurofibromatosis Peutz-Jeghers syndrome White sponge nevus Calcinosis–Elhers Danlos syndrome Brachio-skeletao-genital syndrome Osteogenesis imperfecta Hypophosphatemic Vitamin D resistant rickets Vitamin D dependent rickets Hypophosphatsia Genetic diseases affecting enamel Primary (amelogenesis imperfecta) Hypoplastic forms Autosomal dominant thin and smooth hypoplasia with eruption defect and resorption of the teeth Autosomal dominant thin and rough hypoplasia Autosomal dominant randomly pitted hypoplasia Autosomal dominant localized hypoplasia X-linked dominant rough hypoplasia Hypoclacified form Autosomal dominant hypocalcification Hypomaturation X-linked hypomaturation form Autosomal recessive pigmented hypomaturation Snowcapped teeth Hypomaturation-hypoplasia with taurodontism Autosomal dominant hypomaturation with occasional hypoplastic pits and taurodontism Autosomal dominant hypomaturation with thin hypoplasia and taurodontism Secondary to generalized disease Hypoplasia and/or hypocalcification Occulodentodigital dysplasia Epidermolysis bullousa dystropica Genetic diseases affecting dentine Genetic diseases manifest as alterations in teeth only Taurodontism Thistle shaped pulp chambers and shell teeth Pulpal dysplasia Coronal dentin dysplasia Radicular dentin dysplasia Fibrous dysplasia of dentin Heriditary opalacent dentin Lobodontia Dens evaginatus, dens invaginatus. dens in dente Odontodysplasia Generalised genetic diseases affecting dentin Globodontia in otodental syndrome Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome Focal dermal hypoplasia Pseudohypoparathyroidsm Miscellaneous Pseudohypoparathyroidism Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism Fabry’s disease Scleroderma Progeria Erythroblastosis fetalis
- 11. GENETIC EPIDEMILOGY Familial aggregationstudies 1st degree relatives Early onset Strong phenotypic correlations Segregation analysis Linkage analysis
- 12. EVIDENCE FOR GENETICCONTRIBUTION TO DENTAL CARIES THROUGH ANALYSIS OF TWINS
- 13. PREVENTION OF DENTALCARIES ◦ GENETIC ENGINEERING Production of transgenic strains of s.mutans with absence of specific gene responsinible for decay P1025(Q1025, E1037) In-vivo study: direct application of p1025 to tooth prevented recolonization of s.mutans(not actinomyces) Robert Bovine(2000): developed strains of s.mutans with a gene to produce “UREASE” Ammonia- neutralize plaque pH
- 14. CHROMOSOMAL DEFECTS ASSOCIATEDWITH PERIODONTAL DEFECTS
- 15. PREVENTION OF PERIODONTALDISEASES ◦ Studies shows: Increased prevalence in Women Lack of father-to-son transmission(x-linked dominant trait) Genetic predisposition in Agressive periodontitis Gene polymorphism in periodontitis Gene replacement therapy
- 16. ORAL CANCER Dr.Alfred Knutson(1971)proposed “two-hit hypothesis” for cancer Genes: cytochrome P450, p16, 9p21, APC5q21-22 and p53 RR for developing cancer 1st degree relatives: 3.5 times Siblings: 8.6 times CLEFT LIP/PALATE 70% non-syndromic 30% syndromic Siblings: 30 times more risk MALOCCLUSION Twin studies: Genetic predisposition among siblings Folkes et al
- 17.
- 18.
- 19. Bone therapy Salivary glands GeneTherapy for Irradiation-induced Hyposalivation Sjogren’s Syndrome Impaired Salivary Gland Function Gene Transfer to Salivary Glands
- 20. Pain Intrathecal injection Injection to CSF Neurons of Dorsal root ganglia Orthodontic tooth movement Gene transfer of RANKL decreases osteoprostegrin(suppreses osteoclastic activity) synthesis
- 21. STEM CELLS INORAL HEALTH Dr.Shi(2000) Discovered stem cells in exfoliated primary tooth National Institute of health
- 23. Oral health education oGURU o PATIENT ORIENTED PROBLEM SOLVING o CASEY PATIENT EDUCATION SOFTWARE o ORASPHERE APPLICATIONS USED: Brush DJ Dental Expert Dental Phobia Braces Help Teeth Whitener Kids Dental My Smile Colgate Tooth Fairy Medscape Mobile Epocrates
- 24. Teledentistry ◦ Developed ina conference in Baltimore,1989 ◦ First practiced- US,1994
- 25. REFERENCES ◦ Harris, N.O.and Grading, E., 1991. Preventive dentistry.7th edition. ◦ Shivakumar KM, Vidya SK, Chandu GN. Dental caries vaccine. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2009 Jan 1;20(1):99. ◦ Rai R, Kumar PN, Hirekalmath SV, Sunil LA. Genetics and oral health. Dentistry and Medical Research. 2016 Jan 1;4(1):9. ◦ Prabhakar AR, Paul JM, Basappa N. Gene therapy and its implications in dentistry. International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry. 2011 May;4(2):85. ◦ Yang B, Qiu Y, Zhou N, Ouyang H, Ding J, Cheng B, Sun J. Application of stem cells in oral disease therapy: progresses and perspectives. Frontiers in physiology. 2017 Apr 3;8:197.