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Technicaldrawing
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- 2. Drawing Technical drawingis the method of communication that is specific to the field of technology It is used to represent the objects that we design and built. Ingredients of technology
- 3. Drawing Now, let´slearn the basic drawing instruments Ingredients of technology
- 4. Pencils aremade of wood and a graphite core, called lead. PENCIL Pencil leads are classified by hardness as follows: Soft • Numbers: 0 or1 • Letters: 8B to 3B Medium • Numbers: 2 or 3 • Letters: 2B, B, HB and F Hard • Numbers: 4 or 5 • Letters: H to 5H Very hard • Numbers: 6 to 9 • Letters: 6H to 10H
- 5. PENCIL When wewrite, the graphite latch on to the paper. If the pencil is a hard one the amount of graphite is a bit one, and the mark in the paper is light. On the other hand if it´s a soft one the amount of graphite is bigger, and the mark is dark.
- 6. Soft Pencilsare used for sketches and artistic drawing. PENCIL Hard Pencils are used for plans and technical drawing .
- 7. Propelling pencilshave a lead into a body, commonly made of plastic. PROPELLING PENCIL Propelling pencils provide lines of constant thickness without sharpening. They are used in technical drawing (not in artistic drawing) and writing.
- 8. The leadof the propelling pencils can have: Different hardness Different diameters, to fit into a lead into the reservoir tube. PROPELLING PENCIL Diameter Hardness
- 9. White vinylrubbers are recommendes. RUBBER Rubbers are used to correct errors made when writing with pencil. When you erase: Follow the direction the line was draw in. Use smooth movements so the paper doesn´t wrinkle
- 10. RULER Rulers areinstruments used to draw straight lines and measure segments. Common ruler: It´s marked along one side. Engineer´s scale: It´s a triangular prism on which the six most common scales are etched.
- 11. The setof squares are two right triangles used to draw paralel and perpendicular lines. SET OF SQUARES They let us to draw differents angles combining the measures of the angles of the set . For example: 90º+45º = 135º 30º+45º = 75º 60º+45º = 105º 90º+60º = 150º leg leg
- 12. Parallels and perpendiculars Parallels in vertical: Parallels in horizontal:
- 13. How to usedrawing tools Drawing angles: we can get 15º, 30º, 45º, 60º, 75º, 90º, 120º, 135º…angles by combining the 30º, 45º, 60º and the 90º angles from the set squares
- 14. You can get45º, 75º, 90º, 120º angles combining the set squares
- 15. The protactoris used to measure or draw angles. PROTACTOR It used to be semicircular and is divided into 180 degrees.
- 16. The stencilsare used when standard symbols are to be drawn repeatedly. They have standard symbols cut in it. TEMPLATES
- 17. The compassis an instrument used to draw circunferences or circular arcs, as well as to measure segments. COMPASS It can be adjusted to hold a technical pen. Or with an extension piece to draw bigger circunferences
- 18. The paperis the basis for all technical drawings. PAPER Paper can be clasified by: Size Weight Finish
- 19. There aredifferent sizes of paper. They are also called formats. PAPER (Size) In technical design, the most common formats are the “A” series, based on the DIN (Deutsche Industrienorm)
- 20. A0 isa rectangle with an area of 1 m2. PAPER (Size) Each format is calculated by dividing the previous format in half. The format we usually use is the A4 (297x210 mm)
- 21. The weightof the paper indicates how thick or thin it is. PAPER (Weight) Usually the weight is indicated in grams per square metre. More grams implies a thicker paper
- 22. The finishof the paper shows the appearance of the surface of the paper. PAPER (Finish) It can be white or coloured It can be brilliant or dull It can be rough or smooth It can be opaque or translucent