Tardigrades ppt
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Tardigrade
Tardigrade the indistructible animal
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Tardigrades : The water bear
A brief presentation about tardigrades and their significance in the exploration of outer space as NASA conducts experiments. They belong to a minor phyla Tardigrada and are small invertebrates. Existed in Cambrian period they have adapted to be the extreme conditions the environment offers. How have the tardigrades survived in extreme conditions? They have various adaptations like the ice-nucleating agent, trehalose accumulation, DNA proteins that protect from UV radiation, etc.
mimicry
different animals try to copy each other in order to avoid predation so here i have presented these copying tricks of several animals.
General characters amphibia
1) Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates that can live both on land and in water. They have four limbs and lungs as adults.
2) Amphibians are classified into three subclasses: Labyrinthodontia, Lepospondyli, and Lissamphibia.
3) The three orders of modern amphibians (Lissamphibia) are Anura (frogs and toads), Urodela (salamanders), and Apoda (limbless amphibians).
Fasciola hepatica (The Liverfluke).pptx
Fasciola hepatica (The Liverfluke).pptxShri Pundlik Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Nandura Rly. Dist. Buldana
1. The document describes the phylum Platyhelminthes and focuses on Fasciola hepatica, the sheep liver fluke parasite.
2. It details the morphology, life cycle, and reproductive and excretory systems of F. hepatica.
3. F. hepatica is an endoparasite that infects the livers of sheep and other grazing animals, causing disease. It has complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.Pisces classication ppt
General fish classification:- bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes.
Character of bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes...
Reptiles of pakistan
This document summarizes a presentation on reptiles of Pakistan given by four presenters. It discusses various reptile species found in Pakistan including two families of crocodilians (Mugger crocodile and Gharial), sea turtles (Green and Olive Ridley), freshwater turtles, and monitors lizards (Yellow Monitor). It provides details on the physical characteristics, habitats, distributions and conservation status of these reptile species. Many of the native reptile species in Pakistan are threatened or endangered due to habitat loss and overhunting.
PHYLUM NEMATOMORPHA
The nematode phylum includes horsehair worms, which are long thin worms that are parasites as larvae and live freely as adults. They can grow up to 3 feet in length. Horsehair worms have a cuticle layer and longitudinal muscles but no circulatory, respiratory or excretory systems. There are two classes - Nectonematoidea contains marine species that parasitize crustaceans as larvae and swim freely in coastal waters as adults. Gordioida contains the familiar 'hair worms' that parasitize insects and other arthropods as larvae and are commonly found in freshwater or moist soil as adults.
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Tardigrade
Tardigrade the indistructible animal
The animal who can tolerate various fluctuations of environment
The animal who might be present when there were dianosaurs on earth...!
Tardigrades : The water bear
A brief presentation about tardigrades and their significance in the exploration of outer space as NASA conducts experiments. They belong to a minor phyla Tardigrada and are small invertebrates. Existed in Cambrian period they have adapted to be the extreme conditions the environment offers. How have the tardigrades survived in extreme conditions? They have various adaptations like the ice-nucleating agent, trehalose accumulation, DNA proteins that protect from UV radiation, etc.
mimicry
different animals try to copy each other in order to avoid predation so here i have presented these copying tricks of several animals.
General characters amphibia
1) Amphibians are cold-blooded vertebrates that can live both on land and in water. They have four limbs and lungs as adults.
2) Amphibians are classified into three subclasses: Labyrinthodontia, Lepospondyli, and Lissamphibia.
3) The three orders of modern amphibians (Lissamphibia) are Anura (frogs and toads), Urodela (salamanders), and Apoda (limbless amphibians).
Fasciola hepatica (The Liverfluke).pptx
Fasciola hepatica (The Liverfluke).pptxShri Pundlik Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Nandura Rly. Dist. Buldana
1. The document describes the phylum Platyhelminthes and focuses on Fasciola hepatica, the sheep liver fluke parasite.
2. It details the morphology, life cycle, and reproductive and excretory systems of F. hepatica.
3. F. hepatica is an endoparasite that infects the livers of sheep and other grazing animals, causing disease. It has complex life cycles involving multiple hosts.Pisces classication ppt
General fish classification:- bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes.
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Reptiles of pakistan
This document summarizes a presentation on reptiles of Pakistan given by four presenters. It discusses various reptile species found in Pakistan including two families of crocodilians (Mugger crocodile and Gharial), sea turtles (Green and Olive Ridley), freshwater turtles, and monitors lizards (Yellow Monitor). It provides details on the physical characteristics, habitats, distributions and conservation status of these reptile species. Many of the native reptile species in Pakistan are threatened or endangered due to habitat loss and overhunting.
PHYLUM NEMATOMORPHA
The nematode phylum includes horsehair worms, which are long thin worms that are parasites as larvae and live freely as adults. They can grow up to 3 feet in length. Horsehair worms have a cuticle layer and longitudinal muscles but no circulatory, respiratory or excretory systems. There are two classes - Nectonematoidea contains marine species that parasitize crustaceans as larvae and swim freely in coastal waters as adults. Gordioida contains the familiar 'hair worms' that parasitize insects and other arthropods as larvae and are commonly found in freshwater or moist soil as adults.
Leech.pptx
The document summarizes the key characteristics of the Indian cattle leech (Hirudinaria granulosa). It lives in freshwater habitats in parts of Asia and feeds on the blood of various animals, including cattle and humans. The body is soft and elongated, segmented into 33 segments. It has distinctive coloration and two suckers used for attachment and feeding. The document describes the leech's external morphology, internal body structure, and two modes of locomotion.
Reptiles of pakistan
hi! thanks for looking here.
it's all about major reptiles category of pakistan, included crocodiles, squamata, serpents and testudines.
provide information about their status in Pakistan.
All data is collected from authentic sources.
Have a goodday.
General Characteristics of Aschelminthes | Dr.BGR Publications
Roundworms are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, endoparasitic pseudocoelomates found in marine and freshwater environments. They have an organ system grade of organization and a simple digestive system with a mouth containing hooks and suckers. Roundworms lack respiratory, circulatory, and well-developed nervous systems. Their excretory system consists of protonephridia and canals and they reproduce sexually through internal fertilization.
Class pisces
This document describes the class Pisces, or fish. It notes that fish are vertebrates that live in water and cannot regulate their body temperature. They have organs like gills for respiration and circulation. The document outlines characteristics of fish like streamlined bodies, fins, scales, cold-bloodedness, and different diets and reproductive strategies. It classifies fish into three main categories: extinct placoderms, cartilaginous fish like sharks, and bony fish found in various aquatic environments.
Aquatic animals - frogs
This document provides an overview of frogs, including their classification in the kingdom Animalia and phylum Chordata. It describes frogs' characteristic smooth skin and webbed feet adapted for swimming. Frogs live near freshwater globally and have a four stage life cycle of egg, tadpole, metamorphosis, and adult. They eat insects and small animals and have behaviors like camouflage, poison, and calling to attract mates or warn of danger. The document outlines different frog types and their benefits to humans as insect controllers.
Migration of fishes ppt
This document discusses the migration of fish species. It defines fish migration as the seasonal movement of large numbers of fish belonging to a species from one area to another in search of food or for breeding. It then describes different types of migration including for feeding (alimentary) and reproduction (gametic). The periodicity, methods, and patterns of migration are explained for various fish species. The causes of migration and influencing factors are outlined. Finally, advantages of migration are presented such as accessing abundant food sources and enhancing offspring survival.
Classification of reptiles
Reptiles are a group (Reptilia) of tetrapod animals comprising today's turtles, ... The reptiles were, from the outset of classification, grouped with the amphibians. ... between lizards, birds, and their relatives on the one hand (Sauropsida)
Fish
Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and have fins and scales covering their bodies. They live exclusively in water and extract oxygen from water through their gills. While most fish are ectothermic, one type of fish, the opah or moonfish, has been discovered to be warm-blooded. It generates its own body heat through rapidly flapping fins. Ichthyology is the scientific study of fish, of which over 34,000 species have been identified worldwide, with the majority living in oceans.
Birds of pakistan
This document summarizes the different bird orders and families found in Pakistan. It discusses loons, grebes, petrels, gannets, boobies, darters, pelicans, storks, flamingos, waterfowl, ospreys, pheasants, cranes, bustards, jacanas, plovers, lapwings, skuas, sandgrouse, pigeons, parrots, owls, rollers, hornbills, barbets, pittas and many families of passerine birds found in the country. In total, it provides information on over 50 orders and families of birds that live in or migrate to Pakistan.
Water Bears
Water bears, also known as tardigrades, are microscopic invertebrates that are able to survive in extreme conditions through a process called cryptobiosis. They can withdraw their limbs and form a protective covering called a tun when drying out to enter a dormant state where their metabolism drops drastically. In this state they can survive being heated, frozen, subjected to radiation levels 1000 times lethal for humans, and complete desiccation where they lose nearly all their body water. They are able to revive after these conditions through a disaccharide sugar called trehalose that replaces lost water and prevents cellular damage upon rehydration. Tardigrades were able to survive exposure to the vacuum of space and solar radiation during a 2007 mission,
Reptiles of Pakistan
Over 195 species of reptiles are found in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. Two critically endangered crocodilian species - the mugger crocodile and gharial - live in Pakistan's rivers and wetlands. The mugger occurs primarily in Sindh and Balochistan, while the gharial is now virtually extinct throughout Pakistan. Both species face major threats from habitat loss and overhunting. The government is interested in surveys to assess their status and potential conservation programs, including a captive rearing center, to support restocking efforts.
Parental care in amphibia
Parental care in amphibians involves both protection of eggs and direct caring behaviors. Protection includes selecting safe egg-laying sites like under stones or in foam nests, while direct care involves behaviors like transporting tadpoles to water, carrying eggs attached to the body, or in pouches on the back or in organs. Some species even exhibit viviparity where eggs develop internally and receive nutrients via a primitive placenta. Overall, amphibians display a wide diversity of parental care behaviors to protect offspring and increase their chances of survival.
Exocoetus
Flying fish have unusually large pectoral fins and streamlined bodies that allow them to glide through the air over water to escape predators. They live in tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. When threatened, they can propel themselves out of the water by rapidly flapping their tails and gliding with extended fins for distances up to 50 meters. Their ability to fly enables them to evade predators and return safely back to the sea.
Reptiles
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that include approximately 7,900 species living in a variety of habitats. They are characterized by having scaly skin, lungs used for breathing, and being egg-laying or live-bearing. The document describes the key organ systems of reptiles including their integumentary system made of thick, protective scaly skin; digestive system which varies depending on diet; circulatory system with two circulatory loops; and orders which classify reptiles such as snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, and tuataras.
Foot and shell of molluscs
This document summarizes the foot and shell structures of molluscs. It describes how the foot aids in locomotion and adhesion. It then discusses the different classes of molluscs and how the foot is modified, such as being spade-like in scaphopods or arms in cephalopods. The document also summarizes shell structure, the three layers of shell, types of coiling, composition of shell material, and variations in shells across classes. It concludes by discussing reductions in shells and the protective and other functions shells provide.
Reptiles
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that first evolved around 330 million years ago. They are covered in scales or scutes and lay amniotic eggs, allowing them to reproduce on land. Reptiles are classified based on characteristics of their skin, skeleton, respiration and other features. There are three major subclasses - Anapsida which includes modern turtles, Synapsida which are mammal-like reptiles, and Diapsida which is the largest group and includes lizards, snakes and crocodilians. Orders within these subclasses differ in traits like teeth, limbs and diet. Reptiles inhabit diverse habitats globally except Antarctica, with some limitations due to their inability to regulate body temperature.
endangered birds in india
The Great Indian Bustard, Red-Headed Vulture, Forest Owlet, and Spoon-Billed Sandpiper are highly endangered bird species found in India. The Great Indian Bustard is the largest flying bird in India, but hunting and habitat loss have caused populations to decline severely. Red-Headed Vultures nearly went extinct due to a veterinary drug, while Forest Owlets were thought extinct but have been rediscovered in small numbers in central Indian forests. The Spoon-Billed Sandpiper has an extremely small global population and faces threats of habitat loss and declining breeding grounds.
Corals and coral reefs
Corals are colonial marine organisms that secrete calcium carbonate and form coral reefs. While corals have no food use for humans, coral reefs serve as important habitat for fish. Some corals attach themselves to rocks and form hard skeletal structures, while others like stony corals are largely composed of limestone. Common corals found in the Philippines include brain coral, mushroom coral, and star corals. Corals are used for decoration, reef and island formation, personal adornment, jewelry, and medicine. Sea anemones belong to the anthozoan class and are used decoratively, while jellyfish are scyphozoans that can be dried, flavored and eaten in some parts of the
Green sea turtle
The Green Sea Turtle is an endangered species that faces threats from being killed for its meat and eggs as well as destruction of nesting grounds. It is a long-living reptile that inhabits tropical and subtropical coastal waters. While measures have been taken to protect the turtles and their habitats, their numbers continue to decline due to human activities.
Metamorphosis in Amphibians
Amphibian metamorphosis is initiated by thyroid hormones that travel through the bloodstream and induce changes in organs and tissues. This includes the growth of adult structures like limbs, remodeling of larval structures like the intestine and nervous system, and programmed cell death of larval structures like gills and tail. The levels of thyroid hormones regulate the timing and progression of metamorphosis through different stages from pre-metamorphosis to metamorphic climax. While some tissues proliferate and differentiate in response to thyroid hormones, other tissues are instructed to degenerate, allowing the transition from aquatic larva to terrestrial adult.
Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS)
Lynx Therapeutics' Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS) is an early high-throughput DNA sequencing technique. It works by attaching cDNA from an mRNA sample to beads, determining short sequence signatures from many beads in parallel, and using the signatures to count the number of individual mRNA molecules from each gene. This digital gene expression data allows MPSS to accurately quantify genes expressed at low levels by analyzing transcripts from virtually all genes simultaneously. The technique involves converting mRNA to cDNA, attaching oligonucleotide tags, PCR amplification on beads, and using fluorescent probes to determine short sequences in increments of four nucleotides from millions of beads in parallel.
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Leech.pptx
The document summarizes the key characteristics of the Indian cattle leech (Hirudinaria granulosa). It lives in freshwater habitats in parts of Asia and feeds on the blood of various animals, including cattle and humans. The body is soft and elongated, segmented into 33 segments. It has distinctive coloration and two suckers used for attachment and feeding. The document describes the leech's external morphology, internal body structure, and two modes of locomotion.
Reptiles of pakistan
hi! thanks for looking here.
it's all about major reptiles category of pakistan, included crocodiles, squamata, serpents and testudines.
provide information about their status in Pakistan.
All data is collected from authentic sources.
Have a goodday.
General Characteristics of Aschelminthes | Dr.BGR Publications
Roundworms are triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, endoparasitic pseudocoelomates found in marine and freshwater environments. They have an organ system grade of organization and a simple digestive system with a mouth containing hooks and suckers. Roundworms lack respiratory, circulatory, and well-developed nervous systems. Their excretory system consists of protonephridia and canals and they reproduce sexually through internal fertilization.
Class pisces
This document describes the class Pisces, or fish. It notes that fish are vertebrates that live in water and cannot regulate their body temperature. They have organs like gills for respiration and circulation. The document outlines characteristics of fish like streamlined bodies, fins, scales, cold-bloodedness, and different diets and reproductive strategies. It classifies fish into three main categories: extinct placoderms, cartilaginous fish like sharks, and bony fish found in various aquatic environments.
Aquatic animals - frogs
This document provides an overview of frogs, including their classification in the kingdom Animalia and phylum Chordata. It describes frogs' characteristic smooth skin and webbed feet adapted for swimming. Frogs live near freshwater globally and have a four stage life cycle of egg, tadpole, metamorphosis, and adult. They eat insects and small animals and have behaviors like camouflage, poison, and calling to attract mates or warn of danger. The document outlines different frog types and their benefits to humans as insect controllers.
Migration of fishes ppt
This document discusses the migration of fish species. It defines fish migration as the seasonal movement of large numbers of fish belonging to a species from one area to another in search of food or for breeding. It then describes different types of migration including for feeding (alimentary) and reproduction (gametic). The periodicity, methods, and patterns of migration are explained for various fish species. The causes of migration and influencing factors are outlined. Finally, advantages of migration are presented such as accessing abundant food sources and enhancing offspring survival.
Classification of reptiles
Reptiles are a group (Reptilia) of tetrapod animals comprising today's turtles, ... The reptiles were, from the outset of classification, grouped with the amphibians. ... between lizards, birds, and their relatives on the one hand (Sauropsida)
Fish
Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and have fins and scales covering their bodies. They live exclusively in water and extract oxygen from water through their gills. While most fish are ectothermic, one type of fish, the opah or moonfish, has been discovered to be warm-blooded. It generates its own body heat through rapidly flapping fins. Ichthyology is the scientific study of fish, of which over 34,000 species have been identified worldwide, with the majority living in oceans.
Birds of pakistan
This document summarizes the different bird orders and families found in Pakistan. It discusses loons, grebes, petrels, gannets, boobies, darters, pelicans, storks, flamingos, waterfowl, ospreys, pheasants, cranes, bustards, jacanas, plovers, lapwings, skuas, sandgrouse, pigeons, parrots, owls, rollers, hornbills, barbets, pittas and many families of passerine birds found in the country. In total, it provides information on over 50 orders and families of birds that live in or migrate to Pakistan.
Water Bears
Water bears, also known as tardigrades, are microscopic invertebrates that are able to survive in extreme conditions through a process called cryptobiosis. They can withdraw their limbs and form a protective covering called a tun when drying out to enter a dormant state where their metabolism drops drastically. In this state they can survive being heated, frozen, subjected to radiation levels 1000 times lethal for humans, and complete desiccation where they lose nearly all their body water. They are able to revive after these conditions through a disaccharide sugar called trehalose that replaces lost water and prevents cellular damage upon rehydration. Tardigrades were able to survive exposure to the vacuum of space and solar radiation during a 2007 mission,
Reptiles of Pakistan
Over 195 species of reptiles are found in Pakistan, including 13 endemic species. Two critically endangered crocodilian species - the mugger crocodile and gharial - live in Pakistan's rivers and wetlands. The mugger occurs primarily in Sindh and Balochistan, while the gharial is now virtually extinct throughout Pakistan. Both species face major threats from habitat loss and overhunting. The government is interested in surveys to assess their status and potential conservation programs, including a captive rearing center, to support restocking efforts.
Parental care in amphibia
Parental care in amphibians involves both protection of eggs and direct caring behaviors. Protection includes selecting safe egg-laying sites like under stones or in foam nests, while direct care involves behaviors like transporting tadpoles to water, carrying eggs attached to the body, or in pouches on the back or in organs. Some species even exhibit viviparity where eggs develop internally and receive nutrients via a primitive placenta. Overall, amphibians display a wide diversity of parental care behaviors to protect offspring and increase their chances of survival.
Exocoetus
Flying fish have unusually large pectoral fins and streamlined bodies that allow them to glide through the air over water to escape predators. They live in tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. When threatened, they can propel themselves out of the water by rapidly flapping their tails and gliding with extended fins for distances up to 50 meters. Their ability to fly enables them to evade predators and return safely back to the sea.
Reptiles
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that include approximately 7,900 species living in a variety of habitats. They are characterized by having scaly skin, lungs used for breathing, and being egg-laying or live-bearing. The document describes the key organ systems of reptiles including their integumentary system made of thick, protective scaly skin; digestive system which varies depending on diet; circulatory system with two circulatory loops; and orders which classify reptiles such as snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, and tuataras.
Foot and shell of molluscs
This document summarizes the foot and shell structures of molluscs. It describes how the foot aids in locomotion and adhesion. It then discusses the different classes of molluscs and how the foot is modified, such as being spade-like in scaphopods or arms in cephalopods. The document also summarizes shell structure, the three layers of shell, types of coiling, composition of shell material, and variations in shells across classes. It concludes by discussing reductions in shells and the protective and other functions shells provide.
Reptiles
Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that first evolved around 330 million years ago. They are covered in scales or scutes and lay amniotic eggs, allowing them to reproduce on land. Reptiles are classified based on characteristics of their skin, skeleton, respiration and other features. There are three major subclasses - Anapsida which includes modern turtles, Synapsida which are mammal-like reptiles, and Diapsida which is the largest group and includes lizards, snakes and crocodilians. Orders within these subclasses differ in traits like teeth, limbs and diet. Reptiles inhabit diverse habitats globally except Antarctica, with some limitations due to their inability to regulate body temperature.
endangered birds in india
The Great Indian Bustard, Red-Headed Vulture, Forest Owlet, and Spoon-Billed Sandpiper are highly endangered bird species found in India. The Great Indian Bustard is the largest flying bird in India, but hunting and habitat loss have caused populations to decline severely. Red-Headed Vultures nearly went extinct due to a veterinary drug, while Forest Owlets were thought extinct but have been rediscovered in small numbers in central Indian forests. The Spoon-Billed Sandpiper has an extremely small global population and faces threats of habitat loss and declining breeding grounds.
Corals and coral reefs
Corals are colonial marine organisms that secrete calcium carbonate and form coral reefs. While corals have no food use for humans, coral reefs serve as important habitat for fish. Some corals attach themselves to rocks and form hard skeletal structures, while others like stony corals are largely composed of limestone. Common corals found in the Philippines include brain coral, mushroom coral, and star corals. Corals are used for decoration, reef and island formation, personal adornment, jewelry, and medicine. Sea anemones belong to the anthozoan class and are used decoratively, while jellyfish are scyphozoans that can be dried, flavored and eaten in some parts of the
Green sea turtle
The Green Sea Turtle is an endangered species that faces threats from being killed for its meat and eggs as well as destruction of nesting grounds. It is a long-living reptile that inhabits tropical and subtropical coastal waters. While measures have been taken to protect the turtles and their habitats, their numbers continue to decline due to human activities.
Metamorphosis in Amphibians
Amphibian metamorphosis is initiated by thyroid hormones that travel through the bloodstream and induce changes in organs and tissues. This includes the growth of adult structures like limbs, remodeling of larval structures like the intestine and nervous system, and programmed cell death of larval structures like gills and tail. The levels of thyroid hormones regulate the timing and progression of metamorphosis through different stages from pre-metamorphosis to metamorphic climax. While some tissues proliferate and differentiate in response to thyroid hormones, other tissues are instructed to degenerate, allowing the transition from aquatic larva to terrestrial adult.
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This document provides an overview of ultraviolet (UV) and visible spectroscopy. It begins by defining spectroscopy and discussing the difference between a spectrometer and a spectrophotometer. It then covers the electromagnetic spectrum and describes UV and visible spectroscopy. The document discusses Beer's Law and the instrumentation used. It explains electronic transitions that can occur, including σ-σ*, n-σ*, and π-π* transitions. Finally, it discusses applications of UV-visible spectroscopy such as detecting functional groups and studying conjugation.
Transcriptional repressors ppt Repressor proteins involved in transcription
This document summarizes transcriptional repressor proteins. It discusses how repressors inhibit gene expression by binding to DNA or RNA. There are two main types of repressors - DNA-binding repressors that block RNA polymerase attachment, and RNA-binding repressors that prevent protein translation. Repressors can be passive and compete for binding sites, or active with intrinsic repression activity targeting chromatin. Examples given are the lac and trp operon repressors in prokaryotes. Co-repressors are discussed as molecules that bind and activate repressor function.
Diet and Nutrition
Diet and nutrition play an important role in preventing and treating diseases. An unhealthy diet is one of the major risk factors for chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer. Specific recommendations for a healthy diet include eating more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and unsaturated fats, and less salt, sugar, saturated and trans fats. Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can help prevent obesity, diabetes, and certain cancers. Eating a balanced diet that provides essential nutrients but limits risk factors like excess calories, salt, sugar and saturated fat is key to long-term health and disease prevention.
Primary organs
The document summarizes the key primary organs and organ systems in the human body. It discusses the five vital organs - brain, heart, kidneys, liver and lungs. For each organ, it provides details on their location, structure, functions and role in various organ systems like nervous system, cardiovascular system, renal system, digestive system and respiratory system. It also discusses the development of organs during the three trimesters of fetal growth.
Bio-insecticides
This document discusses bio-insecticides, which are organic formulations used to control insects that damage crops. Bio-insecticides use microorganisms or their toxins, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and nematodes. These organisms act as natural insecticides by producing toxins or by infecting and killing insects. The document categorizes different types of bio-insecticides and provides examples and modes of action for each type. It also outlines advantages like specificity and safety compared to chemical pesticides, as well as disadvantages like slower action and susceptibility to environmental factors.
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Tardigrades ppt
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- 3. • PHYLUM MICRO-ANIMALS • JOHANN AUGUST EPHRAIM GOEZE
- 4. • • • SEGMENTS CAUDAL • STYLETS ALGAE
- 5. TARDIGRADES ARE ABLE TO SURVIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS THAT WOULD KILL ALMOST ANY OTHER ANIMAL. • DEHYDRATION
- 6. • • • • •
- 8. • GY
- 9. • • LOW EARTH ORBIT FOTON-M3 BIOPAN • HARD VACUUM UV •
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